1-DRF - 常见报错

目录

• RuntimeError: Model class django.contrib.contenttypes.models.ContentType doesn't declare an explicit app_label and isn't in an application in INSTALLED_APPS.

• 返回DRF目录

RuntimeError: Model class django.contrib.contenttypes.models.ContentType doesn't declare an explicit app_label and isn't in an application in INSTALLED_APPS.

django3.2 + python3.9 + djangorestframework3.14.0

前提是如果你创建的Django项目，使用其全部功能，即没有注释掉任何settings.py中的各种组件和中间件，就不会遇到这个报错。

我从别处找了个页面报错截图：

这个报错在使用drf框架时，如果你用的是纯净版的Django，也就是不启用Django内置的auth、admin这些组件，那么我们在settings配置文件中，就会做如下配置：

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]

# 注释掉相关的apps
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    # 'django.contrib.admin',
    # 'django.contrib.auth',
    # 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    # 'django.contrib.sessions',
    # 'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'api.apps.ApiConfig',
    'rest_framework'
]
# 注释掉相应的中间件
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    # 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    # 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    # 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

# 模板中也注释掉相应的配置
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                # 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                # 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

然后总路由urls.py中也删除默认的admin：

# from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

urlpatterns = [
    # path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

完事执行完默认的数据库迁移之后，写个视图类:

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import serializers

from api import models
from utils.encrypt import get_md5





class LoginSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
	""" 登录序列化器，因为登录不涉及保存数据库，所以直接用 serializers.Serializer 进行字段校验即可"""
	mobile = serializers.CharField(required=True)
	password = serializers.CharField(required=True)
	
	def validated_password(self, value):
		return get_md5(value)
	


class LoginView(APIView):
	""" 登录视图类 """
	def post(self, request):
		print(request.data)
		ser = LoginSerializer(data=request.data)
		if not ser.is_valid():
			return Response(ser.errors)
		return Response(ser.data)

然后你去访问它，你会发现报错：

这是因为drf的APIView内部会走认证源码，相关代码导致的报错，怎么解决呢？就是在settings.py中配置上如下两个参数即可：

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    "UNAUTHENTICATED_USER": None,
    "UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN": None,
}

然后，重启项目，就可以了。