关于uni-build打包小程序的源码分析

　　我们使用uni-app的脚手架开发微信小程序其实已经比较方便。但是uni-app框架是怎么实现将vue项目打包成微信小程序项目，很少有人关注。关于uni-build打包小程序的源码分析。底层还是使用的webpack打包框架，uni-app实现了自己的一套算法。针对小程序所要求的文件结构，将VUE项目转换成微信小程序可识别的项目结构。看了一下源码，不是很好读，我接下来主要把找到的编译入口方法展示给大家看下，有需要的朋友可以顺着入口往里解读。

前言

　　小程序包含一个描述整体程序的 app 和多个描述各自页面的 page。

　　一个小程序主体部分由三个文件组成，必须放在项目的根目录，如下：

　　
　　一个小程序页面由四个文件组成，分别是：

　　注意：为了方便开发者减少配置项，描述页面的四个文件必须具有相同的路径与文件名。

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/structure.html

一、打包实现在依赖包vue-cli-plugin-uni中，入口看build.js文件

 uni-build打包的build源码

async function build (args, api, options) {
  const fs = require('fs-extra')
  const chalk = require('chalk')
  const webpack = require('webpack')

  const {
    log,
    done,
    logWithSpinner,
    stopSpinner
  } = require('@vue/cli-shared-utils')

  const runByAliIde = process.env.BUILD_ENV === 'ali-ide'

  log()

  if (!runByHBuilderX && !runByAliIde) {
    logWithSpinner(`开始编译当前项目至 ${process.env.UNI_SUB_PLATFORM || process.env.UNI_PLATFORM} 平台...`)
  }
  // 解析文件输出目录
  const targetDir = api.resolve(options.outputDir)
  // 获取打包配置文件
  const webpackConfigs = getWebpackConfigs(api, args, options)
  // 生成环境打包，会先清理掉 node_modules/.cache 下的缓存文件
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') {
    try {
      fs.emptyDir(path.resolve(process.env.UNI_CLI_CONTEXT, 'node_modules/.cache'))
    } catch (e) {}
  }
  // 有clean参数，或者是app-plus打包，则清空输出目录
  if (args.clean || process.env.UNI_PLATFORM === 'app-plus') {
    await fs.emptyDir(targetDir)
  }

  if (process.env.UNI_USING_NATIVE || process.env.UNI_USING_V3_NATIVE) {
    webpackConfigs.length = 0
  }

  if (
    process.env.UNI_USING_NATIVE ||
    process.env.UNI_USING_V3_NATIVE ||
    (process.UNI_NVUE_ENTRY && Object.keys(process.UNI_NVUE_ENTRY).length)
  ) {
    webpackConfigs.push(require('@dcloudio/vue-cli-plugin-hbuilderx/build/webpack.nvue.conf.js')(process.UNI_NVUE_ENTRY))
  }

  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    webpack(webpackConfigs, (err, stats) => {
      if (!runByHBuilderX && !runByAliIde) {
        stopSpinner(false)
      }
      if (err) {
        return reject(err)
      }

      if (stats.hasErrors()) {
        /* eslint-disable prefer-promise-reject-errors */
        return reject('Build failed with errors.')
      }

      if (!args.silent && (process.env.UNI_PLATFORM !== 'app-plus' || process.env.UNI_AUTOMATOR_WS_ENDPOINT)) {
        const targetDirShort = path.relative(
          api.service.context,
          process.env.UNI_OUTPUT_DIR
        )

        if (!args.watch) {
          const dirMsg = runByHBuilderX ? ''
            : `The ${chalk.cyan(targetDirShort)} directory is ready to be deployed.`
          done(`Build complete. ${dirMsg}`)

          if (process.env.UNI_PLATFORM === 'h5' && !isInHBuilderX) {
            console.log()
            console.log('欢迎将H5站部署到uniCloud前端网页托管平台，高速、免费、安全、省心，详见：')
            console.log('https://uniapp.dcloud.io/uniCloud/hosting')
          }
        } else {
          const dirMsg = runByHBuilderX ? '' : `The ${chalk.cyan(targetDirShort)} directory is ready. `
          done(`Build complete. ${dirMsg}Watching for changes...`)
        }
      }

      resolve()
    })
  })
}

二、打包微信小程序的代码入口地址

 mp的入口文件index.js中定义了微信小程序打包的相关配置

webpackConfig (webpackConfig, vueOptions, api) {
    if (!webpackConfig.optimization) {
      webpackConfig.optimization = {}
    }
    // disable noEmitOnErrors
    webpackConfig.optimization.noEmitOnErrors = false

    webpackConfig.optimization.runtimeChunk = {
      name: 'common/runtime'
    }

    webpackConfig.optimization.splitChunks = require('../split-chunks')()

    parseEntry()

    const statCode = process.env.UNI_USING_STAT ? 'import \'@dcloudio/uni-stat\';' : ''

    const beforeCode = 'import \'uni-pages\';'

    return {
      mode: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' ? 'production' : 'development',
      entry () {
        return process.UNI_ENTRY
      },
      output: {
        filename: '[name].js',
        chunkFilename: '[id].js',
        globalObject: process.env.UNI_PLATFORM === 'mp-alipay' ? 'my' : 'global'
        // sourceMapFilename: '../.sourcemap/' + process.env.UNI_PLATFORM + '/[name].js.map'
      },
      performance: {
        hints: false
      },
      resolve: {
        extensions: ['.nvue'],
        alias: { // 仅 mp-weixin
          'mpvue-page-factory': require.resolve(
            '@dcloudio/vue-cli-plugin-uni/packages/mpvue-page-factory')
        }
      },
      module: {
        rules: [{
          test: path.resolve(process.env.UNI_INPUT_DIR, getMainEntry()),
          use: [{
            loader: path.resolve(__dirname, '../../packages/wrap-loader'),
            options: {
              before: [
                beforeCode + require('../util').getAutomatorCode() + statCode
              ]
            }
          }, {
            loader: '@dcloudio/webpack-uni-mp-loader/lib/main'
          }]
        }, {
          resourceQuery: /vue&type=script/,
          use: [{
            loader: '@dcloudio/webpack-uni-mp-loader/lib/script'
          }]
        }, {
          resourceQuery: /vue&type=template/,
          use: [{
            loader: '@dcloudio/webpack-uni-mp-loader/lib/template'
          }, {
            loader: '@dcloudio/vue-cli-plugin-uni/packages/webpack-uni-app-loader/page-meta'
          }]
        }, createTemplateCacheLoader(api), {
          resourceQuery: [
            /lang=wxs/,
            /lang=filter/,
            /lang=sjs/,
            /blockType=wxs/,
            /blockType=filter/,
            /blockType=sjs/
          ],
          use: [{
            loader: require.resolve(
              '@dcloudio/vue-cli-plugin-uni/packages/webpack-uni-filter-loader')
          }]
        }]
      },
      plugins: [
        new WebpackUniAppPlugin(),
        createUniMPPlugin(),
        new webpack.ProvidePlugin(getProvides())
      ]
    }
  },
  chainWebpack (webpackConfig, vueOptions, api) {
    if (process.env.UNI_PLATFORM === 'mp-baidu') {
      webpackConfig.module
        .rule('js')
        .exclude
        .add(/\.filter\.js$/)
    }

    const compilerOptions = process.env.UNI_USING_COMPONENTS ? {} : require('../mp-compiler-options')

    modifyVueLoader(webpackConfig, {}, compilerOptions, api)

    const styleExt = getPlatformExts().style

    webpackConfig.plugin('extract-css')
      .init((Plugin, args) => new Plugin({
        filename: '[name]' + styleExt
      }))

    if (
      process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' &&
      process.env.UNI_PLATFORM !== 'app-plus'
    ) {
      const OptimizeCssnanoPlugin = require('../../packages/@intervolga/optimize-cssnano-plugin/index.js')
      webpackConfig.plugin('optimize-css')
        .init((Plugin, args) => new OptimizeCssnanoPlugin({
          sourceMap: false,
          filter (assetName) {
            return path.extname(assetName) === styleExt
          },
          cssnanoOptions: {
            preset: [
              'default',
              Object.assign({}, getPlatformCssnano(), {
                discardComments: true
              })
            ]
          }

        }))
    }

    webpackConfig.plugins.delete('hmr')
    webpackConfig.plugins.delete('html')
    webpackConfig.plugins.delete('copy')
    webpackConfig.plugins.delete('preload')
    webpackConfig.plugins.delete('prefetch')
  }

三、运行打包前所捕获到的 webpackConfigs 相关参数

[ { mode: 'production',
    context: 'D:\\02code\\app-wechat-supply',
    devtool: false,
    node:
     { setImmediate: false,
       process: 'mock',
       dgram: 'empty',
       fs: 'empty',
       net: 'empty',
       tls: 'empty',
       child_process: 'empty' },
    output:
     { path: 'D:\\02code\\app-wechat-supply\\dist\\mit',
       filename: '[name].js',
       publicPath: '/',
       chunkFilename: '[id].js',
       globalObject: 'global' },
    resolve:
     { alias: [Object],
       extensions: [Array],
       modules: [Array],
       plugins: [Array] },
    resolveLoader: { modules: [Array], plugins: [Array] },
    module:
     { noParse: /^(vue|vue-router|vuex|vuex-router-sync)$/,
       rules: [Array] },
    optimization:
     { splitChunks: [Object],
       minimizer: [Array],
       noEmitOnErrors: false,
       runtimeChunk: [Object],
       namedModules: false },
    plugins:
     [ VueLoaderPlugin {},
       [DefinePlugin],
       [CaseSensitivePathsPlugin],
       [FriendlyErrorsWebpackPlugin],
       [MiniCssExtractPlugin],
       [OptimizeCssnanoPlugin],
       [HashedModuleIdsPlugin],
       [NamedChunksPlugin],
       [DefinePlugin],
       [CopyPlugin],
       [CopyPlugin],
       WebpackUniAppPlugin {},
       WebpackUniMPPlugin {},
       [ProvidePlugin],
       [CopyPlugin] ],
    entry: [Function: entry],
    performance: { assetFilter: [Function: assetFilter], hints: false } } ]

 四、小程序打包后的项目结构

 参考资料：

https://uniapp.dcloud.io/

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/ebook?action=get_post_info&docid=000668c6910b784b00860870a5ac0a

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/miniprogram/dev/framework/structure.html