C++中insert iterator/iostream iterator的使用方法(详细)
1. C++的insert iterators, 可以将一般迭代器的赋值操作转变为插入操作,这样的迭代器包括
(1)专司尾端插入操作的back_insert_iterator,对应于STL函数back_inserter(),要求容器自身支持push_back操作;
(2)专司头端插入操作的front_insert_iterator,对应于STL函数front_inserter(),要求容器自身支持push_front操作;
(3)可从任意位置执行插入操作的insert_iterator,对应于STL函数inserter(),要求容易自身支持insert操作;
2. C++的iostream iterators,可以将迭代器绑定到某个iostream对象身上,包括:
(1)绑定到istream对象身上的istream_iterator,拥有输入功能;
(2)绑定到ostream对象身上的ostream_iterator,拥有输出功能;
3. 以下是这两大迭代器的用法举例
#include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <list> #include <iterator> using namespace std; int main(void) { vector<int> vecs; list<int> ls, ls1, ls2, ls3; ostream_iterator<int> outite(cout, " "); istream_iterator<int> inite(cin), eof; while(inite != eof) { vecs.push_back(*inite++); } copy(vecs.cbegin(), vecs.cend(), outite); cout << endl; back_inserter(ls) = 1; back_inserter(ls) = 2; front_inserter(ls) = 3; front_inserter(ls) = 4; inserter(ls, ls.begin()) = 5; inserter(ls, ls.end()) = 6; back_insert_iterator<list<int> > backIter(ls); *backIter = 7; *backIter = 8; front_insert_iterator<list<int> > frontIter(ls); *frontIter = 9; *frontIter = 10; insert_iterator<list<int> > insertIter(ls, ls.begin()); *insertIter = 11; *insertIter = 12; copy(ls.cbegin(), ls.cend(), outite); cout << endl; copy(ls.cbegin(), ls.cend(), front_inserter(ls1)); copy(ls1.cbegin(), ls1.cend(), outite); cout << endl; copy(ls.cbegin(), ls.cend(), back_inserter(ls2)); copy(ls2.cbegin(), ls2.cend(), outite); cout << endl; copy(ls.cbegin(), ls.cend(), inserter(ls3, ls3.begin())); copy(ls3.cbegin(), ls3.cend(), outite); cout << endl; return 0; }
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