云计算平台(数据篇)-MySql高可用平台搭建Master-Master

MySQL  Master-Master方案

1、      环境安装

与前者一样

2、      配置

一、MySQL master-master配置

1、修改MySQL配置文件

两台MySQL均如要开启binlog日志功能,开启方法:在MySQL配置文件[MySQLd]段中加上log-bin=MySQL-bin选项

两台MySQL的server-ID不能一样,默认情况下两台MySQL的serverID都是1,需将其中一台修改为2即可

2、将192.168.1.201设为192.168.1.202的主服务器

在192.168.1.201上新建授权用户

  1. MySQL> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'replication'; 
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
  3.  
  4. MySQL> show master status; 
  5. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 
  6. | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | 
  7. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 
  8. | MySQL-bin.000003 |      374 |              |                  |  
  9. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 

10.1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在192.168.1.202上将192.168.1.201设为自己的主服务器

  1. MySQL> change master to master_host='192.168.1.201',master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='MySQL-bin.000003',master_log_pos=374; 
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) 
  3.  
  4. MySQL> start slave; 
  5. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
  6.  
  7. MySQL> show slave status\G 
  8. *************************** 1. row *************************** 
  9.              Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event 
  10. Master_Host: 192.168.1.201 
  11. Master_User: replication 
  12. Master_Port: 3306 
  13. Connect_Retry: 60 
  14. Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003 
  15. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 374 
  16. Relay_Log_File: MySQL-master2-relay-bin.000002 
  17. Relay_Log_Pos: 235 
  18. Relay_Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003 
  19. Slave_IO_Running: Yes 
  20. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 
  21. Replicate_Do_DB:  
  22. Replicate_Ignore_DB:  
  23. Replicate_Do_Table:  
  24. Replicate_Ignore_Table:  
  25. Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  

26.Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  

  1. Last_Errno: 0 
  2. Last_Error:  
  3. Skip_Counter: 0 
  4. Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 374 
  5. Relay_Log_Space: 235 
  6. Until_Condition: None 
  7. Until_Log_File:  
  8. Until_Log_Pos: 0 
  9. Master_SSL_Allowed: No 
  10. Master_SSL_CA_File:  
  11. Master_SSL_CA_Path:  
  12. Master_SSL_Cert:  
  13. Master_SSL_Cipher:  
  14. Master_SSL_Key:  
  15. Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 

42.1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3、将192.168.1.202设为192.168.1.201的主服务器

在192.168.1.202上新建授权用户

  1. MySQL> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'replication'; 
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
  3.  
  4. MySQL> show master status; 
  5. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  
  6. | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | 
  7. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  
  8. | MySQL-bin.000003 |      374 |              |                  |  
  9. +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+  

10.1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在192.168.1.201上,将192.168.1.202设为自己的主服务器

  1. MySQL> change master to master_host='192.168.1.202',master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='MySQL-bin.000003',master_log_pos=374; 
  2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) 
  3.  
  4. MySQL> start slave; 
  5. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
  6.  
  7. MySQL> show slave status\G 
  8. *************************** 1. row *************************** 
  9.              Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event 
  10. Master_Host: 192.168.1.202 
  11. Master_User: replication 
  12. Master_Port: 3306 
  13. Connect_Retry: 60 
  14. Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003 
  15. Read_Master_Log_Pos: 374 
  16. Relay_Log_File: MySQL-master1-relay-bin.000002 
  17. Relay_Log_Pos: 235 
  18. Relay_Master_Log_File: MySQL-bin.000003 
  19. Slave_IO_Running: Yes 
  20. Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 
  21. Replicate_Do_DB:  
  22. Replicate_Ignore_DB:  
  23. Replicate_Do_Table:  
  24. Replicate_Ignore_Table:  
  25. Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  

26.Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  

  1. Last_Errno: 0 
  2. Last_Error:  
  3. Skip_Counter: 0 
  4. Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 374 
  5. Relay_Log_Space: 235 
  6. Until_Condition: None 
  7. Until_Log_File:  
  8. Until_Log_Pos: 0 
  9. Master_SSL_Allowed: No
  10. Master_SSL_CA_File:  
  11. Master_SSL_CA_Path:  
  12. Master_SSL_Cert:  
  13. Master_SSL_Cipher:  
  14. Master_SSL_Key:  
  15. Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 

42.1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4、MySQL同步测试

如上述均正确配置,现在任何一台MySQL上更新数据都会同步到另一台MySQL,MySQL同步在此不再演示

二、keepalived安装及配置

1、192.168.1.201服务器上keepalived安装及配置

安装keepalived

  1. #tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz 
  2. #cd keepalived-1.1.20 
  3. #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5-i686 
  4. #make && make install

配置keepalived

我们自己在新建一个配置文件,默认情况下keepalived启动时会去/etc/keepalived目录下找配置文件

  1. #mkdir /etc/keepalived 
  2. #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
  3. ! Configuration File for keepalived 
  4. global_defs { 
  5.      notification_email { 
  6.      luwenju@live.cn 
  7.      } 
  8.      notification_email_from luwenju@live.cn 
  9.      smtp_server 127.0.0.1 
  10. smtp_connect_timeout 30 
  11. router_id MySQL-ha 

13.

14.vrrp_instance VI_1 { 

  1. state BACKUP   #两台配置此处均是BACKUP 
  2. interface eth0 
  3. virtual_router_id 51 
  4. priority 100   #优先级,另一台改为90 
  5. advert_int 1 
  6. nopreempt  #不抢占,只在优先级高的机器上设置即可,优先级低的机器不设置 
  7. authentication { 
  8. auth_type PASS 
  9. auth_pass 1111 
  10. virtual_ipaddress { 
  11. 192.168.1.200 

29.

30.virtual_server 192.168.1.200 3306 { 

  1. delay_loop 2   #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态 
  2. lb_algo wrr   #LVS算法 
  3. lb_kind DR    #LVS模式 
  4. persistence_timeout 60   #会话保持时间 
  5. protocol TCP 
  6. real_server 192.168.1.201 3306 { 
  7. weight 3 
  8. notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  #检测到服务down后执行的脚本 
  9. TCP_CHECK { 
  10. connect_timeout 10    #连接超时时间 
  11. nb_get_retry 3       #重连次数 
  12. delay_before_retry 3   #重连间隔时间 
  13. connect_port 3306   #健康检查端口 
  14. }

编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本

  1. #vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh 
  2. #!/bin/sh 
  3. pkill keepalived 
  4. #chmod +x /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh

注:此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的,keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态,当发现real_server服务故障时,便触发此脚本;我们可以看到,脚本就一个命令,通过pkill keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程,从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外,我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作,因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP,而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP

启动keepalived

  1. #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D 
  2. #ps -aux | grep keepalived

测试

找一台局域网PC,然后去ping MySQL的VIP,这时候MySQL的VIP是可以ping的通的

停止MySQL服务,看keepalived健康检查程序是否会触发我们编写的脚本

2、192.168.1.202上keepalived安装及配置

3、安装Keepalive环境

yum install gcc

Yum install gcc

yum install kernel-devel

yum install openssl-devel

yum install popt-devel

4keepalived安装及配置

1、192.168.1.201服务器上keepalived安装及配置

安装keepalived

1.      #tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz  
2.      #cd keepalived-1.1.20  
3.      #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5-i686  
4.      #make && make install 

配置keepalived

我们自己在新建一个配置文件,默认情况下keepalived启动时会去/etc/keepalived目录下找配置文件

1.      #mkdir /etc/keepalived  
2.      #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  
3.      ! Configuration File for keepalived  
4.      global_defs {  
5.           notification_email {  
6.           luwenju@live.cn  
7.           }  
8.           notification_email_from luwenju@live.cn  
9.           smtp_server 127.0.0.1  
10.          smtp_connect_timeout 30  
11.          router_id MySQL-ha  
12.          }  
13.      
14.     vrrp_instance VI_1 {  
15.          state BACKUP   #两台配置此处均是BACKUP  
16.          interface eth0  
17.          virtual_router_id 51  
18.          priority 100   #优先级,另一台改为90  
19.          advert_int 1  
20.          nopreempt  #不抢占,只在优先级高的机器上设置即可,优先级低的机器不设置  
21.          authentication {  
22.          auth_type PASS  
23.          auth_pass 1111  
24.          }  
25.          virtual_ipaddress {  
26.          192.168.1.200  
27.          }  
28.          }  
29.      
30.     virtual_server 192.168.1.200 3306 {  
31.          delay_loop 2   #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态  
32.          lb_algo wrr   #LVS算法  
33.          lb_kind DR    #LVS模式  
34.          persistence_timeout 60   #会话保持时间  
35.          protocol TCP  
36.          real_server 192.168.1.201 3306 {  
37.          weight 3  
38.          notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  #检测到服务down后执行的脚本  
39.          TCP_CHECK {  
40.          connect_timeout 10    #连接超时时间  
41.          nb_get_retry 3       #重连次数  
42.          delay_before_retry 3   #重连间隔时间  
43.          connect_port 3306   #健康检查端口  
44.          }  
45.          } 

编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本

1.      #vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  
2.      #!/bin/sh  
3.      pkill keepalived  
4.      #chmod +x /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh 

注:此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的,keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态,当发现real_server服务故障时,便触发此脚本;我们可以看到,脚本就一个命令,通过pkill keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程,从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外,我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作,因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP,而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP

启动keepalived

1.      #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D  
2.      #ps -aux | grep keepalived 

测试

找一台局域网PC,然后去ping MySQL的VIP,这时候MySQL的VIP是可以ping的通的

停止MySQL服务,看keepalived健康检查程序是否会触发我们编写的脚本

2、192.168.1.202上keepalived安装及配置

安装keepalived

1.      #tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.20.tar.gz  
2.      #cd keepalived-1.1.20  
3.      #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-164.el5-i686  
4.      #make && make install 

配置keepalived

这台配置和上面基本一样,但有三个地方不同:优先级为90、无抢占设置、real_server为本机IP

1.      #mkdir /etc/keepalived  
2.      #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf  
3.      ! Configuration File for keepalived  
4.      global_defs {  
5.           notification_email {  
6.           luwenju@live.cn  
7.           }  
8.           notification_email_from luwenju@live.cn  
9.           smtp_server 127.0.0.1  
10.          smtp_connect_timeout 30  
11.          router_id MySQL-ha  
12.          }  
13.      
14.     vrrp_instance VI_1 {  
15.          state BACKUP  
16.          interface eth0  
17.          virtual_router_id 51  
18.          priority 90  
19.          advert_int 1  
20.          authentication {  
21.          auth_type PASS  
22.          auth_pass 1111  
23.          }  
24.          virtual_ipaddress {  
25.          192.168.1.200  
26.          }  
27.          }  
28.      
29.     virtual_server 192.168.1.200 3306 {  
30.          delay_loop 2  
31.          lb_algo wrr  
32.          lb_kind DR  
33.          persistence_timeout 60  
34.          protocol TCP  
35.          real_server 192.168.1.202 3306 {  
36.          weight 3  
37.          notify_down /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  
38.          TCP_CHECK {  
39.          connect_timeout 10  
40.          nb_get_retry 3  
41.          delay_before_retry 3  
42.          connect_port 3306  
43.          }  
44.          } 

编写检测服务down后所要执行的脚本

1.      #vi /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  
2.      #!/bin/sh  
3.      pkill keepalived  
4.      #chmod +x /usr/local/MySQL/bin/MySQL.sh  
5.       
6.      启动keepalived  
7.      #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D  
8.      #ps -aux | grep keepalived 

测试

停止MySQL服务,看keepalived健康检查程序是否会触发我们编写的脚本

三、测试

MySQL远程登录测试

我们找一台安装有MySQL客户端的windows,然后登录VIP,看是否能登录,在登录之两台MySQL服务器都要授权允许从远程登录

1.      MySQL> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';  
2.      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)  
3.       
4.      MySQL> flush privileges;  
5.      Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 

使用客户端登录VIP测试

1.      C:\MySQL\bin>MySQL.exe -uroot -p123456 -h192.168.1.200 -P3306  
2.      Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.  
3.      Your MySQL connection id is 224  
4.      Server version: 5.0.89-log Source distribution  
5.       
6.      Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.  
7.       
8.      MySQL> 

● keepalived故障转移测试

※在windows客户端一直去ping VIP,然后关闭192.168.1.201上的keepalived,正常情况下VIP就会切换到192.168.1.202上面去

※开启192.168.1.201上的keepalived,关闭192.168.1.202上的keepalived,看是否能自动切换,正常情况下VIP又会属于192.168.1.201

注:keepalived切换速度还是非常块的,整个切换过程只需1-3秒

● MySQL故障转移测试

※在192.168.1.201上关闭MySQL服务,看VIP是否会切换到192.168.1.202上

※开启192.168.1.201上的MySQL和keepalived,然后关闭192.168.1.202上的MySQL,看VIP是否会切换到192.168.1.201上

下面是用windows客户端连接的MySQL的VIP,在切换时我执行了一个MySQL查询命令,从执行show databases到显示出结果时间为3-5秒(大家可以看到上面有个错误提示,不过不用担心,因为我们的keepalived切换大概为3秒左右,这3秒左右VIP是谁都不属于的)

posted on 2012-12-04 17:49  Mr.HiFiy  阅读(461)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报