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Hibernate 关联关系映射

关联关系映射

回顾:表与表之间关系

数据库中的表之间的关系

   关系

  1 对 多:一方表(主表)、多方表(从表)。从表中提供一个外检字段,添加约束主外键约束。从表的外检与主表的主键形成主外键关系

  多对 多:

      两个多表,都是主表

      提供第三张表(中间表),是从表

          提供两个字段,这两个字段分别是两个主表的外键

              建议:两个字段合并在一起,生成联合主键

  1 对 1

 

关联关系介绍

   对象 与 对象 之间关系,使用面向对象的角度,分析对象之间的关系。

  

关联关系:一对多

实例

国家(1)--(*)城市

班级(1)--(*)学生

客户(1)--(*)订单

分析

客户(1)--(*)订单

代码

创建Teacher和Student

package cn.hibernate.bean;

import java.util.Set;

public class Teacher {


private Integer tId;
private String tName;

//一个老师对应多个学生
private Set<Student> stu;

public Integer gettId() {
return tId;
}

public void settId(Integer tId) {
this.tId = tId;
}

public String gettName() {
return tName;
}

public void settName(String tName) {
this.tName = tName;
}

public Set<Student> getStu() {
return stu;
}

public void setStu(Set<Student> stu) {
this.stu = stu;
}

 

}

 

 

package cn.hibernate.bean;

public class Student {

private Integer sId;
private String sName;

//一个学生对应一个老师
private Teacher teacher;

public Integer getsId() {
return sId;
}

public void setsId(Integer sId) {
this.sId = sId;
}

public String getsName() {
return sName;
}

public void setsName(String sName) {
this.sName = sName;
}

public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}

public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}


}

 

各自的映射文件*.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.hibernate.bean">
<class name="Teacher">
<id name="tId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="tName"></property>

<!-- 一对多 -->
<set name="stu">
<key column="teacher_id"></key>
<one-to-many class="Student" />
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.hibernate.bean">
<class name="Student">
<id name="sId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="sName"></property>
<!-- 多对一 class:写一(主表)的类型 -->
<many-to-one name="teacher" class="Teacher" column="teacher_id">
</many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

API

@Test
public void demo05(){
//双向关联 :关联就是对外建数据的维护
/* 多方order,必须维护外键信息,如果已经有数据将不进行update更新
* 一方Teacher,默认只要关联就进行维护。但可以通过inverse进行设置。
* inverse="true"一方将放弃对外键数据维护。此时将减少一条update语句
*
* */
Session session = factory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();

//1.创建对象
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.settName("老师81");

Student stu = new Student();
stu.setsName("学生81");

//2.关联
stu.setTeacher(teacher); //teacher 还要关联,默认进行数据维护
teacher.getStu().add(stu); //stu必须维护数据,如果customer已经有OID,将不执行update


//保存
session.save(teacher);
session.save(stu);



session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}

关联关系:双向关联 

 

inverse配置

inverse=“true”如果是一对多关系,表示一方将放弃对外键数据维护。无论是否配置关联引用()

                    注意:多方必须维护外键数据,多方对应多表存在外键字段。

 

cascade 配置

介绍

级联操作:一个PO对象A关联 另一个 PO对象B,当A进行操作时,是否对B进行相应的操作。

取值:

    save-update:级联保存或更新,当保存A,同时保存B,不需要手动执行saveBean()

级联保存

 

@Test
public void demo06(){
/*
* 级联保存:只保存学生
*
* */
Session session = factory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();

//1.创建对象
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.settName("测试12");

Student student = new Student();
student.setsName("测试学生12");

teacher.getStu().add(student);
student.setTeacher(teacher);

session.save(teacher);

session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();

}

 关联关系:双向关联

分析:数据库表之间关系

PO类分析

映射文件配置 

代码编写多对多:

package cn.hibernate.manytomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

//学生类
public class Student {

private Integer sId;
private String sName;

//多对多:多个学生(当前学生)学习不同的课 程
private Set<Course> courses = new HashSet<Course>();

public Integer getsId() {
return sId;
}

public void setsId(Integer sId) {
this.sId = sId;
}

public String getsName() {
return sName;
}

public void setsName(String sName) {
this.sName = sName;
}

public Set<Course> getCourses() {
return courses;
}

public void setCourses(Set<Course> courses) {
this.courses = courses;
}

}

 

 

package cn.hibernate.manytomany;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

//课程类
public class Course {

private Integer cId;
private String content;
private String teacher;

//多对多,不同课程(当前课程)被不同学生学习
private Set<Student> stu = new HashSet<Student>();

public Integer getcId() {
return cId;
}

public void setcId(Integer cId) {
this.cId = cId;
}

public String getContent() {
return content;
}

public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}

public String getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}

public void setTeacher(String teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}

public Set<Student> getStu() {
return stu;
}

public void setStu(Set<Student> stu) {
this.stu = stu;
}

}

 

映射文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.hibernate.manytomany">
<class name="Student">
<id name="sId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="sName"></property>
<set name="courses" table="s_student_course">
<key column="student_id"/>
<many-to-many class="cn.hibernate.manytomany.Course" column="course_id"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.hibernate.manytomany">
<class name="Course">
<id name="cId">
<generator class="native"></generator>
</id>
<property name="content"></property>
<property name="teacher"></property>
<set name="stu" table="s_student_course">
<key column="course_id"/>
<many-to-many class="cn.hibernate.manytomany.Student" column="student_id"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

 

测试类

package cn.hibernate.manytomany;


import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestApp {

private SessionFactory factory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();

@Test
public void test(){
//新建表
Session session = factory.openSession();
session.close();

}
}

 

posted on 2017-06-05 16:35  super.  阅读(179)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报