设计模式笔记:单例模式(C++代码)
定义:
一个类有且仅有一个实例,并且提供一个访问它的全局访问点。
要点:
1、类只能有一个实例;
2、必须自行创建此实例;
3、必须自行向整个系统提供此实例。
实现一:单例模式结构代码
singleton.h:
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#ifndef _SINGLETON_H_ #define _SINGLETON_H_ class Singleton { public: static Singleton* GetInstance(); protected: Singleton(); private: static Singleton *_instance; }; #endif
singleton.cpp:
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#include "singleton.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; Singleton* Singleton::_instance = 0; Singleton::Singleton() { cout<<"create Singleton ..."<<endl; } Singleton* Singleton::GetInstance() { if(0 == _instance) { _instance = new Singleton(); } else { cout<<"already exist"<<endl; } return _instance; }
main.cpp:
#include "singleton.h" int main() { Singleton *t = Singleton::GetInstance(); t->GetInstance(); return 0; }
实现二:打印机实例
singleton.h:
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#ifndef _SINGLETON_H_ #define _SINGLETON_H_ class Singleton { public: static Singleton* GetInstance(); void printSomething(const char* str2Print); protected: Singleton(); private: static Singleton *_instance; int count; }; #endif
singleton.cpp:
View Code
#include "singleton.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; Singleton* Singleton::_instance = 0; Singleton::Singleton() { cout<<"create Singleton ..."<<endl; count=0; } Singleton* Singleton::GetInstance() { if(0 == _instance) { _instance = new Singleton(); } else { cout<<"Instance already exist"<<endl; } return _instance; } void Singleton::printSomething(const char* str2Print) { cout<<"printer is now working , the sequence : "<<++count<<endl; cout<<str2Print<<endl; cout<<"done\n"<<endl; }
main.cpp:
#include "singleton.h" int main() { Singleton *t1 = Singleton::GetInstance(); t1->GetInstance(); t1->printSomething("t1"); Singleton *t2 = Singleton::GetInstance(); t2->printSomething("t2"); return 0; }
Makefile文件:
CC=g++ CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall all: make singleton singleton:singleton.o\ main.o ${CC} -o singleton main.o singleton.o clean: rm -rf singleton rm -f *.o .cpp.o: $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c -o $*.o $<
运行效果:
可以看到,对打印顺序count的计数是连续的,系统中只有一个打印设备。