Linux静默安装Oracle方法(centos7+oracle11g)

1、 增加虚拟内存

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapadd bs=1024 count=2006424
mkswap /swapadd
swapon /swapadd

2、 检查依赖包

rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-2.5 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

3、 安装依赖包

yum install compat-libstdc++-33 
yum install elfutils-libelf-devel 
yum install gcc-c++ 
yum install glibc-2.5 
yum install ksh 
yum install libaio 
yum install libaio-devel 
yum install libstdc++-devel 
yum install unixODBC 
yum install unixODBC-devel

4、 创建用户和组

groupadd oinstall  
groupadd dba  
groupadd asmadmin  
groupadd asmdba  
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle -d /home/oracle  
passwd oracle 

5、 修改内核参数

vim /etc/sysctl.conf  增加或者修改
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

6、 修改用户限制

vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
vim /etc/pam.d/login 
session  required   pam_limits.so
vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
      ulimit -p 16384
      ulimit -n 65536
      else
      ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi
source /etc/profile

7、 创建安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle  
chmod -R 775 /home/oracle  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ 
chmod -R 775 /u01/app/
创建vim /etc/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc
chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc

8、 设置oracle环境变量

su – oracle
vim ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
env

9、 解压

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

10、复制响应文件模板

su – root
cd /home/oracle/ 
mkdir etc
cp /home/oracle/database/response/* /home/oracle/etc/
chmod 777 /home/oracle/etc/*.rsp

11、静默安装Oracle软件

su – oracle
vim /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ruo
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

12、安装

cd database
./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/logs

tail -100f installActions*.log
su root
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

13、环境变量

su - oracle
vi ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export LIBPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export SPFILE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

14、配置网络

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/etc/netca.rsp

15、安装数据库

vim /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp
GDBNAME="orcl.ruo" 
SID="orcl"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" 
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" 
CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8" 
NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8"
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/etc/dbca.rsp

16、建库后实例检查

ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -l
ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

17、建库后监听检查

lsnrctl status

 

18、.修改oracle启动配置文件

vi /etc/oratab
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y
dbstart
dbshut 

19、sqlplus / as sysdba

conn /as sysdba  连接到数据本地数据
alter user system identified by password;   修改System 密码  为password
已连接。 
SQL> alter user system identified by password;
用户已更改。
SQL> alter user sys identified by password;
用户已更改。
SQL> alter user system identified by manger;
解锁方法 
alter user system account unlock;