学习高校课程-软件工程-需求建模：基于场景的方法（用例/活动（泳道））（ch9）

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS

The requirements modeling action results in one or more of the following types of models:

• Scenario-based models of requirements from the point of view of various system “actors.”
  从各种系统“参与者”的角度来看基于场景的需求模型。
• Class-oriented models or Data models that depict the information domain for the problem and represent object-oriented classes (attributes and operations) and the manner in which classes collaborate to achieve system requirements.
  面向类的模型或数据模型，描述问题的信息域并表示面向对象的类（属性和操作）以及类协作实现系统要求的方式。
• Behavioral models that depict how the software behaves as a consequence of external “events.”
  行为模型描述软件如何因外部“事件”而表现。
• Function models or Flow-oriented models that represent the functional elements of the system and how they transform data as they move through the system
  功能模型或面向流的模型，代表系统的功能元素以及它们在系统中移动时如何转换数据。

Scenario-based elements depict how the user interacts with the system and the specific sequence of activities that occur as the software is used.
基于场景的元素描述了用户如何与系统交互以及使用软件时发生的特定活动顺序

Class- based elements model the objects that the system will manipulate,the operations that will be applied to the objects to effect the manipulation, relationships (some hierarchical) between the objects, and the collaborations that occur between the classes that are defined.
基于类的元素对系统将操作的对象、将应用于对象以实现操作的操作、对象之间的关系（某些层次结构）以及所定义的类之间发生的协作进行建模

Behavioral elements depict how external events change the state of the system or the classes that reside within it.
行为元素描述外部事件如何改变系统或驻留在其中的类的状态

flow-oriented elements represent the system as an information transform, depicting how data objects are transformed as they flow through various system functions.
最后，面向流的元素将系统表示为信息转换，描述数据对象在流经各种系统功能时如何转换。