学习高校课程-系统设计与分析-敏捷分析（lec5）
Index
- Agile Requirements Tools
敏捷需求工具- Start from Stakeholders and Goals
从利益相关者和目标出发 - SWOT and TOWS
- Stakeholders Modeling and Impact Map
利益相关者建模和影响图 - Get started with Capabilities and Features
开始了解功能和特性 - Domain Story Telling
领域故事讲述
- Start from Stakeholders and Goals
- Scrum Team and Artefacts
敏捷团队和工件 - Feature Preparation and Stories Preparation
专题准备和故事准备 - On large scale of Agile Project: introduction to SAFe
大规模敏捷项目：SAFe 简介- Team and Technical Agility
团队和技术敏捷性 - Agile Product Delivery
敏捷产品交付- Customer Centricity
以客户为中心 - Design Thinking
设计思维 - Useful tools for CC and DT
CC和DT的有用工具
- Customer Centricity
- Team and Technical Agility
Agile Requirements Tools
Start from Stakeholders and Goals
Domain Goals and Business Goals
领域目标和业务目标
Business goals follow the SMART criteria：Specific，Measurable，Achievable，Realistic，Time-related
业务目标遵循 SMART 标准：具体，可衡量的，可实现的，现实的，与时间相关的
SWOT and TOWS
Stakeholders Modeling and Impact Map
Why are we building the system?
我们为什么要构建该系统？
Who benefits from it?
谁从中受益？
How can the stakeholders achieve their goals?
利益相关者如何实现他们的目标？
What can the system do to help the stakeholders achieve their goals?
系统可以做什么来帮助利益相关者实现他们的目标？
Get started with Capabilities and Features
Goal (why): The intended benefit of our system
目标（原因）：我们系统的预期效益
Stakeholder (who): Someone who interacts with, benefits from, or is otherwise affected by our system
利益相关者（谁）：与我们的系统互动、受益于我们的系统或受我们的系统影响的人
Capability (how): A system ability that enables stakeholders to achieve a goal
能力（如何）：使利益相关者能够实现目标的系统能力，利益相关者需要对系统产生什么影响才能实现其目标？
Feature (what): A functionality that helps support a capability
功能（什么）：有助于支持某项功能的功能，系统需要做什么才能提供利益相关者所需的功能？
Domain Story Telling
Scenario-Based Modeling
- Scenarios are stories about people and their activities.
场景是关于人及其活动的故事。 - Scenarios take place in a fixed context.
场景发生在固定的环境中。 - Scenarios contain actors that typically have goals.
场景包含通常有目标的参与者。 - Scenarios have a plot. They consist of a sequence of activities and events
场景有情节。它们由一系列活动和事件组成。
Scrum Team and Artefacts
Scrum Team
Product Owner provides the link between the client or customer and the rest of the development team
产品负责人提供客户和开发团队其他成员之间的联系
The Scrum master (SM) shields the team from any external distractions during the sprint and tackles any of the impediments that the team flags during the daily Scrum meeting
Scrum Master (SM) 保护团队在冲刺期间免受任何外部干扰，并解决团队在每日 Scrum 会议期间标记的任何障碍。
Development Team
开发团队
Scrum Artifacts
Epics/features vs. MMFs vs. theme
史诗/专题 vs. MMF vs. 主题
minimum marketable feature (MMF) is useful to delineate features and compose a release
术语“最小适销功能”(MMF) 对于描述功能和构建版本很有用。
User Story
“As a [user role], I want to [verb-centric behavior], so that [user value added].”
Feature Preparation and Stories Preparation
- Specification of features and AC (Acceptance Criteria)
功能规格和 AC（验收标准） - Context analysis
情境分析 - Stakeholder analysis
利益相关者分析 - Persona analysis
角色分析 - Journey mapping
旅程地图 - Value stream mapping
价值流图 - Process modeling
流程建模 - Use-case modeling
用例建模 - User-role modeling workshops
用户角色建模研讨会 - Initial splitting into stories
最初分成故事
Stories should be written in the language of the customer. No
particular format is required. However, the Role-Feature-Reason
(Connextra) format is widely used and recommended
故事应该用客户的语言来写。不需要特定的格式。然而，角色-特征-原因 (Connextra) 格式被广泛使用和推荐
The value that a story delivers may be
- User value—functionality directly experienced by users, such as the ability to create autopayments.
用户价值——用户直接体验到的功能，例如创建自动支付的能力。 - Business value, such as increased efficiencies.
商业价值，例如提高效率。 - Learning value, such as an MVP to test a hypothesis that users will
engage heavily with the product.
学习价值，例如用于测试用户将大量参与产品的假设的 MVP。 - Technical benefits that enable business opportunities, such as scalability
带来商业机会的技术优势，例如可扩展性。
On large scale of Agile Project: introduction to SAFe
Team and Technical Agility
Agile teams are cross-functional ，including two special roles: Product Owner, Scrum Master
敏捷团队是跨职能的，包括两个特殊角色：产品负责人、Scrum
Agile Release Trains develop, deliver, and support one or more solutions
敏捷发布培训开发、交付和支持一种或多种解决方案Master。
Agile Product Delivery
Customer Centricity
Focus on the customer，Understand the customer’s needs，Think and feel like the customer，Build whole-product solutions，Create customer lifetime value.
以客户为中心，理解客户需求，像客户一样思考和感受，构建全产品解决方案，创造客户终身价值
Design Thinking
Useful tools for CC and DT
Market and user research
Identify the Personas, Problems, and Goals
