debezium+kafka实现mysql数据同步（debezium-connector-mysql）

1.情景展示

在企业当中，往往会存在不同数据库之间的表的数据需要保持一致的情况（数据同步）。

如何将A库a表的数据同步至B库a表当中呢？（包含：新增、修改和删除）

往往不仅仅需要保持数据的一致性，还要保证数据的即时性，即：A库a表的数据发生变化后，B库a表也能立刻同步变化。

实时保持两表数据的一致性。

如何实现？

2.具体分析

要想及时知晓A库a表的数据变化，我们需要读取数据库的操作日志，从日志当中提取a表的操作日志。（至少要包含：新增、修改和删除）。

以mysql为例，就是读取mysql的binlog日志，而读取日志提取a表操作记录，我们可以通过组件来完成，无需自己手动解析日志。

3.解决方案

debezium-connector-mysql插件，可以很好的完成这个任务。

Debezium是一个开源的数据库事件捕捉和发布平台，旨在提供可靠的实时数据流。它基于分布式日志（如Apache Kafka）来捕获并传输数据库的变更事件，从而实现高效的数据同步和分发。通过使用Debezium的mysql连接器，可以轻松地将mysql数据库中的DML操作（包括INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE）的变更事件提取出来，并以实时的方式推送到Kafka消息队列中。

由于debezium-connector-mysql插件是结合kafka来实现的，我们自然需要用到kafka。

debezium-connector-mysql插件最终实现的效果是：监听mysql库的binlog日志，实时捕获mysql数据变更记录，并将变化的数据发布到kafka的主题当中。

在开始之前，我们需要先了解一下kafka connect，通过它我们可以将其它系统与kakfa进行连接，完成主题的发布与订阅。

具体就是：通过该服务，我们可以使用REST API的方式调用kafka服务器来完成消息的发布与订阅。

更多关于kafka connect的用法，见文末推荐。

使用debezium官方提供的source connector，部署到apache kafka connect中，debezium的connector捕获到源数据库数据更新，发送到kafka集群中。

插件下载

地址1：CONFLUNT官网

https://www.confluent.io/hub/debezium/debezium-connector-mysql

2.21版具体地址：https://d1i4a15mxbxib1.cloudfront.net/api/plugins/debezium/debezium-connector-mysql/versions/2.2.1/debezium-debezium-connector-mysql-2.2.1.zip

插件源码地址：https://github.com/debezium/debezium

地址2：DEBEZIUM官网（推荐使用）

https://debezium.io/releases/

这个页面会展示当前debezium的最新版本，一般情况下，我们直接采用最新版就可以了。

以2.5版本为例，进行举例说明：

我们点击“More info”按钮，会跳转到此版本详情页：https://debezium.io/releases/2.5/

首先，映入眼帘的是：运行此插件所需的java版本，kafka版本，以及其所支持的数据库类型、版本号和驱动版本。

往下走，看到的是：Documentation

也就是说明文档，点击“Documentation”按钮，将会跳转到当前版本对应的说明文档页：https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.5/

然后找到：Getting Started-->点击"Installation"，会跳转到插件安装界面：https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.5/install.html

debezium插件列表如下：

mysql插件：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/debezium/debezium-connector-mysql/2.5.0.Final/debezium-connector-mysql-2.5.0.Final-plugin.tar.gz

oracle插件：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/debezium/debezium-connector-oracle/2.5.0.Final/debezium-connector-oracle-2.5.0.Final-plugin.tar.gz

SQLserver插件：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/debezium/debezium-connector-sqlserver/2.5.0.Final/debezium-connector-sqlserver-2.5.0.Final-plugin.tar.gz

jdbc插件：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/debezium/debezium-connector-jdbc/$2.5.0.Final/debezium-connector-jdbc-2.5.0.Final-plugin.tar.gz

插件下载说明：

当你发现插件下载失败的时候，需要检查下载地址当中是否存在$，如果存在将其删掉，才是正确的地址。

如上面的jdbc插件，由于多了一个$，导致下载失败，我们把它去掉再下载就可以了：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/debezium/debezium-connector-jdbc/2.5.0.Final/debezium-connector-jdbc-2.5.0.Final-plugin.tar.gz

插件用法参数说明

点击不同的数据库，将会跳转到对应的参数说明页。

mysql：https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.5/connectors/mysql.html

oracle：https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.5/connectors/oracle.html

jdbc：https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.5/connectors/jdbc.html

如何下载历史插件版本？

在说明文档页，我们点击切换说明文档的版本号，就能看到历史版本信息。

以2.0进行举例说明

如何下载2.0版的插件呢？

我们点击“2.0”，将会切换到2.0版的说明页：https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.0/index.html

我们点击"Mysql Connector plugin archive"，将会自动下载debezium-mysql-2.0.1.Final，下载地址为：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/debezium/debezium-connector-mysql/2.0.1.Final/debezium-connector-mysql-2.0.1.Final-plugin.tar.gz

插件安装

下载成功后，进行解压。

来到KAFKA_HOME目录下，创建一个plugins目录。

并将刚才解压的插件移到plugins目录下。

由于名称里面带有两个debezium，可以去掉一个。

参数说明

说明文档：https://docs.confluent.io/kafka-connectors/debezium-mysql-source/current/mysql_source_connector_config.html

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/zh-cn/red_hat_build_of_debezium/2.3.4/html/debezium_user_guide/deployment-of-debezium-mysql-connectors#mysql-required-connector-configuration-properties

https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.2/connectors/mysql.html

这里我只讲自己用的的参数，其余参数说明及用法，可通过上述说明文档自行查阅。

2.5.0版本参数说明

具体的数据结构，下面有。 

name属性：代表的是连接器的名称，该名称具有唯一性！（名字随便起，但必须唯一）。

名字最好能让人望文生义，如：debezium-connector-source-mysql-63，这一看就知道：创建的是Source Connector，用的插件是：debezium-connector-mysql。

connector.class属性：Source Connector的实现类，在这里我们需要填：io.debezium.connector.mysql.MySqlConnector（它是debezium-connector-mysql的源连接器）。

database.hostname属性：数据库服务器所属IP，如：127.0.0.1。

database.port属性：数据库端口号，如：3306。

database.user属性：数据库用户名，如：scott。

database.password属性：数据库密码，如：123456。

database.server.id属性：给数据库设置id，该值具有唯一性，默认取值范围：[5400,6400]，数据类型：int。

database.connectionTimeZone属性：指定MySQL数据库的时区，默认值：UTC。需将此值设为东八区，即：GMT+8。

否则，会出现timestamp类型比实际时间早6个小时的问题。

database.include.list属性：要监控的数据库名称列表，可以同时监控多个数据库，但通常情况下，我们只监控一个数据库，如：test。

table.include.list属性：要捕获数据变更记录的表名称列表，可以同时监控多张表。构成：databaseName.tableName，多个使用逗号隔开，如：test.t_patient。

schema.history.internal.store.only.captured.tables.ddl属性：默认值：false，代表的含义是：debezium会将被监控数据库下所有的表的变更记录，都进行捕获。

而实际上，我们只需捕获table.include.list里面设置的表，而不是所有的表。需将此值设为：true。

schema.history.internal.store.only.captured.databases.ddl属性：默认值：false，代表的含义是：debezium会将被监控当前用户下属所有数据库的变更记录，都进行捕获。

而实际上，我们只需捕获database.include.list里面设置的数据库，而不是所有的数据库。需将此值设为：true。

column.include.list属性：可以设置只捕获表中的部分字段变更记录，可以监控多张表的部分字段变更记录。构成：databaseName.tableName.columnName，多个请使用逗号隔开，如：test.t_patient.create_time,test.t_patient.id。

schema.history.internal.kafka.topic属性：连接器将在其中存储数据库模式历史记录的Kafka主题的全名，如：schema-history-test-63。

schema.history.internal.kafka.bootstrap.servers属性：kafka服务器地址，如：localhost:9092。

event.processing.failure.handling.mode属性：默认值：error，表示的是：进程错误处理模式。可选值：[fail,error,warn,skip]。

我们选择warn，而不是直接报错，更容易发现问题。

errors.log.enable属性：默认值：false，是否输出错误日志。需将此值设为：true。

errors.log.include.messages属性：默认值：false，错误日志是否包含错误信息。需将此值设为：true。

topic.prefix属性：将要发布的主题的名称前缀，该值具有唯一性（kafka会根据此主题前缀来生成主题名称。消费者需要根据topic名称来订阅数据）。

snapshot.mode属性：快照模式，默认值：initial，可选值：[initial,initial_only,when_needed,never,schema_only,schema_only_recovery]。

initial(默认)（初始全量，后续增量）：连接器执行数据库的初始一致性快照，快照完成后，连接器开始为后续数据库更改流式传输事件记录。

initial_only（只全量，不增量）：连接器只执行数据库的初始一致性快照，不允许捕获任何后续更改的事件。

schema_only（只增量，不全量）：连接器只捕获所有相关表的表结构，不捕获初始数据，但是会同步后续数据库的更改记录。 

skipped.operations属性：默认值：t，不需要监控的操作。可选值：c（insert/create）,u（update）,d（delete）,t（truncate）,none。

如果不需要跳过truncate操作，需将其值设为：none。

4.运行

准备工作

启动服务

启动zookeeper，启动kafka，启动kafka connect。

如果没有安装kafka或者不知道怎么启动，具体操作见文末推荐。

日志授权

binlog是Mysql sever层维护的一种二进制日志，与innodb引擎中的redo/undo log是完全不同的日志；

其主要是用来记录对mysql数据更新或潜在发生更新的SQL语句，并以“事务”的形式保存在磁盘中。

第一步：开启binlog

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'log_bin';

 确保binlog是开启状态，如果结果是"OFF"，则表示binlog未启用。

 如果未启用，需运行以下命令：

SET GLOBAL log_bin = 'ON';

 可以通过修改mysql的配置文件来管理binlog的存储位置和格式等。

log_bin = /path/to/binlog/file.log
server_id = unique_server_id
expire_logs_days = 1
binlog_row_image = full
binlog_format = row

保存并关闭配置文件，如果修改了配置文件，需要重新启动MySQL服务以使更改生效。

sudo service mysql restart

第二步：授权

授予用户读取binlog的权限：

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'username'@'hostname';

将 'username' 替换为你要授予权限的用户名，'hostname' 替换为该用户的主机名或IP地址。 

刷新权限使更改生效：

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

查看当前用户的权限：

SHOW GRANTS FOR CURRENT_USER;

 

发布主题

接口地址：

http://localhost:8083/connectors

请求数据：

{
	"name" : "debezium-connector-source-mysql-63",
	"config" : {
		"connector.class" : "io.debezium.connector.mysql.MySqlConnector",
		"database.user" : "username",
		"database.server.id" : 63,
		"schema.history.internal.kafka.bootstrap.servers" : "localhost:9092",
		"column.include.list" : "test.t_patient.create_time,test.t_patient.id,test.t_patient.jz_time,test.t_patient.patient_id_no,test.t_patient.patient_name,test.t_patient.patient_sex,test.t_patient.update_time,test.t_patient.zy_time",
		"database.port" : "3306",
		"schema.history.internal.store.only.captured.tables.ddl" : true,
		"inconsistent.schema.handling.mode" : "warn",
		"topic.prefix" : "topic-63",
		"schema.history.internal.kafka.topic" : "schema-history-63",
		"database.hostname" : "192.168.0.1",
		"database.password" : "password",
		"table.include.list" : "test.t_patient",
		"database.include.list" : "test",
		"snapshot.mode" : "initial"
	}
}

响应数据：

{
	"name" : "debezium-connector-source-mysql-63",
	"type" : "source",
	"config" : {
		"connector.class" : "io.debezium.connector.mysql.MySqlConnector",
		"database.user" : "username",
		"database.server.id" : "63",
		"schema.history.internal.kafka.bootstrap.servers" : "localhost:9092",
		"column.include.list" : "test.t_patient.create_time,test.t_patient.id,test.t_patient.jz_time,test.t_patient.patient_id_no,test.t_patient.patient_name,test.t_patient.patient_sex,test.t_patient.update_time,test.t_patient.zy_time",
		"database.port" : "3306",
		"schema.history.internal.store.only.captured.tables.ddl" : "true",
		"inconsistent.schema.handling.mode" : "warn",
		"topic.prefix" : "topic-63",
		"schema.history.internal.kafka.topic" : "schema-history-63",
		"database.hostname" : "192.168.0.142",
		"database.password" : "password",
		"table.include.list" : "test.t_patient",
		"database.include.list" : "test",
		"snapshot.mode" : "initial",
		"name" : "debezium-connector-source-mysql-63"
	},
	"tasks" : [{
			"connector" : "debezium-connector-source-mysql-63",
			"task" : 0
		}
	]
}

主题发布成功后，debezium将会自动捕获mysql数据变更日志，并将数据推送到kafka当中。

说明：

如果出现一直没有出现类似上面的响应结果，很有可能是你在切换到kafka connect命令窗口时，误操作将其暂停了运行，按Enter键，命令就会继续执行了。

查看kafka connect命令窗口，是否出现报错信息。

只要没有出现报错信息，耐心等待就可以了（30分钟以内会有执行结果）。

查询主题

主题的生成条件说明：

debezium source connector启动之后，当指定监控的表数据发生变更时，它才会创建主题（也就是往kafka当中推送数据）。

 

如果处于监控中的表一直没有数据变更，那这个主题就一直不会产生。

具体就是：

当snapshot.mode=schema_only时，source connector启动后，不会立马创建主题，而是直到源表数据发生变化时，才会创建主题（也就是：debezium-mysql插件通过读取日志，监控到该表发生了变化，会自动将变化的数据推送到kafka上，这时，主题自然就生成了）。

当snapshot.mode=initial时，source connector启动后，如果源表已经有数据，它会立马创建主题；

反之，如果源表一条数据都没有，不会立马创建主题，直到源表有新增数据时，才会创建主题。 

mysql主题的生成规则：topic.prefix.databaseName.tableName。

查看已发布的主题

请求地址：

http://localhost:8083/connectors/debezium-connector-source-mysql-63/topics

响应数据： 

{"debezium-connector-source-mysql-63":{"topics":["topic-test-63.test.t_patient","topic-test-63"]}}

主题生成规则：

一张表对应一个主题。

这里t_patient表对应的主题是：topic-test-63.t_patient。

消费数据

通过产生的主题消费数据。

切换到KAFKA_HOME\bin\windows目录下，输入cmd，按Enter键打开cmd窗口。

输入以下命令并执行

kafka-console-consumer.bat --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic topic-63.数据库名.t_patient  --from-beginning

执行结果如下：

{"schema":{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"before"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"after"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"version"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"connector"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"name"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.data.Enum","version":1,"parameters":{"allowed":"true,last,false,incremental"},"default":"false","field":"snapshot"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"db"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"sequence"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"table"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"server_id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"gtid"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"file"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"pos"},{"type":"int32","optional":false,"field":"row"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"thread"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"query"}],"optional":false,"name":"io.debezium.connector.mysql.Source","field":"source"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"op"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"total_order"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"data_collection_order"}],"optional":true,"name":"event.block","version":1,"field":"transaction"}],"optional":false,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Envelope","version":1},"payload":{"before":null,"after":{"id":1,"patient_name":"Lily","patient_sex":"女","patient_id_no":"123123123","create_time":1701941356000,"update_time":19698,"jz_time":"2023-12-07T15:29:27Z","zy_time":34173000000},"source":{"version":"2.2.1.Final","connector":"mysql","name":"topic-dbName-63","ts_ms":1703893892000,"snapshot":"first","db":"dbName","sequence":null,"table":"t_patient","server_id":0,"gtid":null,"file":"binlog.003274","pos":140774141,"row":0,"thread":null,"query":null},"op":"r","ts_ms":1703843838705,"transaction":null}}
{"schema":{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"before"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"after"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"version"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"connector"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"name"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.data.Enum","version":1,"parameters":{"allowed":"true,last,false,incremental"},"default":"false","field":"snapshot"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"db"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"sequence"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"table"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"server_id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"gtid"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"file"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"pos"},{"type":"int32","optional":false,"field":"row"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"thread"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"query"}],"optional":false,"name":"io.debezium.connector.mysql.Source","field":"source"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"op"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"total_order"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"data_collection_order"}],"optional":true,"name":"event.block","version":1,"field":"transaction"}],"optional":false,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Envelope","version":1},"payload":{"before":null,"after":{"id":2,"patient_name":"anny","patient_sex":"男","patient_id_no":"123456789","create_time":1702027779000,"update_time":19699,"jz_time":"2023-12-08T15:29:50Z","zy_time":34194000000},"source":{"version":"2.2.1.Final","connector":"mysql","name":"topic-dbName-63","ts_ms":1703893892000,"snapshot":"true","db":"dbName","sequence":null,"table":"t_patient","server_id":0,"gtid":null,"file":"binlog.003274","pos":140774141,"row":0,"thread":null,"query":null},"op":"r","ts_ms":1703843838722,"transaction":null}}
{"schema":{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"before"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"after"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"version"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"connector"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"name"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.data.Enum","version":1,"parameters":{"allowed":"true,last,false,incremental"},"default":"false","field":"snapshot"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"db"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"sequence"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"table"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"server_id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"gtid"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"file"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"pos"},{"type":"int32","optional":false,"field":"row"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"thread"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"query"}],"optional":false,"name":"io.debezium.connector.mysql.Source","field":"source"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"op"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"total_order"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"data_collection_order"}],"optional":true,"name":"event.block","version":1,"field":"transaction"}],"optional":false,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Envelope","version":1},"payload":{"before":null,"after":{"id":3,"patient_name":"张三丰","patient_sex":"男","patient_id_no":"123987345","create_time":1702027860000,"update_time":19699,"jz_time":"2023-12-08T15:31:11Z","zy_time":34275000000},"source":{"version":"2.2.1.Final","connector":"mysql","name":"topic-dbName-63","ts_ms":1703893892000,"snapshot":"true","db":"dbName","sequence":null,"table":"t_patient","server_id":0,"gtid":null,"file":"binlog.003274","pos":140774141,"row":0,"thread":null,"query":null},"op":"r","ts_ms":1703843838723,"transaction":null}}
{"schema":{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"before"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_name"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_sex"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"patient_id_no"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Timestamp","version":1,"field":"create_time"},{"type":"int32","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.Date","version":1,"field":"update_time"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.ZonedTimestamp","version":1,"field":"jz_time"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.time.MicroTime","version":1,"field":"zy_time"}],"optional":true,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Value","field":"after"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"version"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"connector"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"name"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"name":"io.debezium.data.Enum","version":1,"parameters":{"allowed":"true,last,false,incremental"},"default":"false","field":"snapshot"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"db"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"sequence"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"table"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"server_id"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"gtid"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"file"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"pos"},{"type":"int32","optional":false,"field":"row"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"thread"},{"type":"string","optional":true,"field":"query"}],"optional":false,"name":"io.debezium.connector.mysql.Source","field":"source"},{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"op"},{"type":"int64","optional":true,"field":"ts_ms"},{"type":"struct","fields":[{"type":"string","optional":false,"field":"id"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"total_order"},{"type":"int64","optional":false,"field":"data_collection_order"}],"optional":true,"name":"event.block","version":1,"field":"transaction"}],"optional":false,"name":"topic-dbName-63.dbName.t_patient.Envelope","version":1},"payload":{"before":null,"after":{"id":4,"patient_name":"李丽丽","patient_sex":"女","patient_id_no":"126736790","create_time":1702027934000,"update_time":19699,"jz_time":"2023-12-08T15:32:19Z","zy_time":34341000000},"source":{"version":"2.2.1.Final","connector":"mysql","name":"topic-dbName-63","ts_ms":1703893892000,"snapshot":"last","db":"dbName","sequence":null,"table":"t_patient","server_id":0,"gtid":null,"file":"binlog.003274","pos":140774141,"row":0,"thread":null,"query":null},"op":"r","ts_ms":1703843838723,"transaction":null}}

说明：

消费的数据，如果含有中文，中文会出现乱码，不用理会；（因为windows中文版，cmd的编码集默认为：GBK，而mysql数据库一般采用的是utf8mb4）。

消费的数据，如果含有数值类型，会被自动编码成base64格式，这个也不用管。（这是使用kafka-consume-consumer.bat造成的，它本身还是数值类型）

源库源表数据

5.同步数据

这样一来，我们就实现了数据同步的前半部分：抽取数据 push。 

示例：

{
	"name": "debezium-connector-source-mysql-122",
	"config": {
		"connector.class": "io.debezium.connector.mysql.MySqlConnector",
		"errors.log.include.messages": true,
		"database.user": "marydon",
		"database.server.id": 122,
		"schema.history.internal.kafka.bootstrap.servers": "localhost:9092",
		"event.processing.failure.handling.mode": "warn",
		"column.include.list": "test.tb_project.CREATE_BY,test.tb_project.CREATE_TIME,test.tb_project.ID,test.tb_project.PROJECT_BEGIN_TIME,test.tb_project.PROJECT_CODE,test.tb_project.PROJECT_COMPANY,test.tb_project.PROJECT_END_TIME,test.tb_project.PROJECT_MANAGER,test.tb_project.PROJECT_NAME,test.tb_project.PROJECT_SUBMIT_TIME,test.tb_project.UPDATE_BY,test.tb_project.UPDATE_TIME",
		"database.port": "3306",
		"schema.history.internal.store.only.captured.tables.ddl": true,
		"schema.history.internal.store.only.captured.databases.ddl": true,
		"topic.prefix": "topic-test-122",
		"schema.history.internal.kafka.topic": "schema-history-test-122",
		"database.hostname": "192.168.0.11",
		"database.connectionTimeZone": "GMT+8",
		"database.password": "marydon123",
		"table.include.list": "test.tb_project",
		"skipped.operations": "none",
		"errors.log.enable": true,
		"database.include.list": "test",
		"snapshot.mode": "schema_only"
	}
}

这样一来，我们就实现了数据同步的前半部分：抽取数据 push。 

示例：

至于将kafka中存储的数据更新到别的数据库（同步数据 pull），有三种实现方式：

第一种：使用插件io.confluent.connect.jdbc.JdbcSinkConnector；

第二种：使用插件io.debezium.connector.jdbc.JdbcSinkConnector（推荐使用）。

说明：

网上看到的几乎都是使用第一种方式来完成数据同步，这其实是不对的，也有使用第3种方式来完成数据同步的。

但，最好的还是使用第2种方式，因为它可以和io.debezium.connector.mysql.OracleConnector插件无缝对接，不需要进行额外的数据转换操作。

当我们使用主键字段进行数据同步时（通常情况下），目标表字段的主键的名称需要与源表的主键名称完全一致（大小写也必须保持一致），否则，使用JdbcSinkConnector会报错：

主键字段不存在。

第三种：自定义开发消费组件；

当然，官方的jdbc插件也不是万能的，例如：

源表表名与目标表表名不一致；

目标表字段B需要对应源表表字段A，而不是A-->A；

在进行数据同步时，目标表需要增加时间戳字段或者实现假删除等等个性化需求，官方插件就不能用了。

我们只能自己开发kafka connect组件了。

写在最后

　　哪位大佬如若发现文章存在纰漏之处或需要补充更多内容，欢迎留言！！！

 相关推荐：

• 个人主页
• kafka下载、安装与部署保姆级教程（windows、linux）
• kafka 自定义开发Sink Connector组件
• Kafka Connect用法
• 使用debezium-connector-jdbc组件完成数据同步（io.debezium.connector.jdbc.JdbcSinkConnector）
• Kafka Connect 自定义Sink Connector实现在数据同步时增加时间戳字段和假删除功能