CentOS7 安装MySQL5.6

1、获取MySQL5.6代码包

mkdir /jumpserver
cd /jumpserver
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2、解压缩到指定文件夹下 mysql_rpm

root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver#mkdir mysql_rpm
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver#tar -xf MySQL-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C ./mysql_rpm
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver#ls
MySQL-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar  mysql_rpm
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver#cd mysql_rpm/
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#ls
MySQL-client-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  MySQL-embedded-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  MySQL-shared-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm         MySQL-test-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm   MySQL-server-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.49-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#

 3、使用yum安装mysql_rpm目录下所有的rpm包，并依赖yum安装其依赖

yum localinstall ./*

4、安装完毕后，检查mysql配置文件，并修改

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql    #mysql数据存储路径
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock    #mysql启动后的进程文件
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]    #存储日志位置
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log    将mariadb改成mysql
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid    将mariadb改成mysql
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

5、启动mysql服务端，观察3306端口是否启动

root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#systemctl start mysql
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2408/sshd: /usr/sbi
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      875/rpcbind
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10032           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1578/java
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      2408/sshd: /usr/sbi
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      89110/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      875/rpcbind
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68              0.0.0.0:*                           23060/dhclient
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*                           875/rpcbind
udp        0      0 10.22.2.160:123         0.0.0.0:*                           879/ntpd
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:123           0.0.0.0:*                           879/ntpd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:123             0.0.0.0:*                           879/ntpd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:613             0.0.0.0:*                           875/rpcbind
udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                                875/rpcbind
udp6       0      0 :::123                  :::*                                879/ntpd
udp6       0      0 :::613                  :::*                                875/rpcbind
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#

6、对mysql进行初始化，mysql5.6在安装完毕后会自动生成root的随机密码，路径在当前目录下的 ~/.mysql_secret中，此时就在root/.mysql_secret

root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#cat ~/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Mon Feb 20 21:19:08 2023 (local time): WHWA*******PNZSEd

7、2种方法，修改初始密码

root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#mysqladmin -uroot -pWHWA0*****SEd password chaoge666
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.    #警告：这样设置密码，可以在history中显示mysql的数据库密码
root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#

安全的方法是使用随机密码进入mysql后，使用命令替换root密码

root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('chaogewudi') where user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;    #刷新数据表信息后exit退出
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>exit
Bye

8、创建JumpServer数据库，并存储为中文支持格式

root@jumpserver-app-t01.novalocal:/jumpserver/mysql_rpm#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:

mysql> create database jumpserver default charset 'utf8' collate 'utf8_bin';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>

 9、创建用户 @是占位符、%是允许该账号在任何位置都可以登录

mysql> create user 'jumpserver'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'chaoge888';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

10、给JumpServer用户授予访问JumpServer数据库的权限。

#grant授权'jumpserver'@'%'用户在使用identified by 'chaoge888'密码时，允许访问jumpserver.*所有的表，的all privileges所有权限“添删改查”
mysql> grant all privileges on jumpserver.* to 'jumpserver'@'%' identified by 'chaoge888';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>exit
Bye