CentOS7设置hostname、hosts、静态IP地址、关闭防火墙
针对新安装或者克隆后的虚拟机配置
1. 设置hostname
方法1:
centos7 里面修改hostname的方式有所改变,修改/etc/hosts和/etc/sysconfig/network两个文件已经不能生效。使用的新命令是:
[root@hadoop101 mort]# hostnamectl set-hostname hadoop101.com [root@hadoop101 mort]# hostname -f hadoop101.com
方法2:
修改配置文件/etc/hostname来实现主机名的修改。把该文件内容hostname name中的name替换成自己想要的主机名重启即可。
[root@hadoop101 mort]# vim /etc/hostname hadoop101.com
centos7之前的版本请用此方法:
[root@hadoop101 mort]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network #Created by anaconda NETWORKING=yes GATEWAY=192.168.1.2 HOSTNAME=hadoop101.com
2. 设置/etc/hosts
[root@hadoop101 mort]# vi /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.1.100 hadoop100.com hadoop100 192.168.1.101 hadoop101.com hadoop101 192.168.1.102 hadoop102.com hadoop102 192.168.1.103 hadoop103.com hadoop103 192.168.1.104 hadoop104.com hadoop104 192.168.1.105 hadoop105.com hadoop105 192.168.1.106 hadoop106.com hadoop106
3.设置静态IP
1)通过ifconfig查看网络信息,记录MAC地址
[root@hadoop101 jdk1.8.0_121]# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.1.101 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef1:82f0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:f1:82:f0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 148611 bytes 194668379 (185.6 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 17002 bytes 2111219 (2.0 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
2)编辑vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
(注意:克隆的机器的网卡地址HWADRR要与ifconfig统一)
TYPE=Ethernet PROXY_METHOD=none BROWSER_ONLY=no BOOTPROTO=static NM_CONTROLLED=yes DEFROUTE=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME=ens33 UUID=98af9087-41c0-43e0-8696-580bd991a0e4 DEVICE=ens33 ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=00:0C:29:F1:82:F0 IPADDR=192.168.1.101 PREFIX=24 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.1.2 DNS1=8.8.8.8 IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
3)编辑vi /etc/resolv.conf
vi /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 8.8.8.8
4)编辑vi /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@hadoop101 jdk1.8.0_121]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network # Created by anaconda NETWORKING=yes GATEWAY=192.168.1.2
5)重启网络服务
systemctl restart network.service
6)关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
firewall-cmd --state #查看防火墙状态
4. 重启后生效
【若出现ifconfig中没有ens33情况】
是CentOS图形管理中的NetworkManager接管了网络配置, 执行以下命令关闭、重启网络服务:
ifconfig ens33 up systemctl stop NetworkManager systemctl disable NetworkManager ifup ens33 systemctl restart network.service