实验4
test 1
#include <stdio.h> #define N 4 #define M 2 void test1() { int x[N] = {1, 9, 8, 4}; int i; printf("sizeof(x) = %d\n", sizeof(x)); for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) printf("%p: %d\n", &x[i], x[i]); printf("x = %p\n", x); } void test2() { int x[M][N] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}}; int i, j; printf("sizeof(x) = %d\n", sizeof(x)); for (i = 0; i < M; ++i) for (j = 0; j < N; ++j) printf("%p: %d\n", &x[i][j], x[i][j]); printf("\n"); printf("x = %p\n", x); printf("x[0] = %p\n", x[0]); printf("x[1] = %p\n", x[1]); printf("\n"); } int main() { printf("测试1: int型一维数组\n"); test1(); printf("\n测试2: int型二维数组\n"); test2(); return 0; }
问题1:是连续存放;数组名x对应的值和&x[0]一样
问题2:是按行连续存放;这三者在字面上的值一样;x[0]和x[1]相差16个字节;16个字节是一行元素所占的字节数
test 2
#include <stdio.h> #define N 100 void input(int x[], int n); double compute(int x[], int n); int main() { int x[N]; int n, i; double ans; while(printf("Enter n: "), scanf("%d", &n) != EOF) { input(x, n); ans = compute(x, n); printf("ans = %.2f\n\n", ans); } return 0; } void input(int x[], int n) { int i; for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) scanf("%d", &x[i]); } double compute(int x[], int n) { int i, high, low; double ans; high = low = x[0]; ans = 0; for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) { ans += x[i]; if(x[i] > high) high = x[i]; else if(x[i] < low) low = x[i]; } ans = (ans - high - low)/(n-2); return ans; }
问题:input的功能是输入参数;compute的功能是计算去除最大值和最小值后所有数的平均值
test 3
#include <stdio.h> #define N 100 void output(int x[][N], int n); void init(int x[][N], int n, int value); int main() { int x[N][N]; int n, value; while(printf("Enter n and value: "), scanf("%d%d", &n, &value) != EOF) { init(x, n, value); output(x, n); printf("\n"); } return 0; } void output(int x[][N], int n) { int i, j; for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) { for(j = 0; j < n; ++j) printf("%d ", x[i][j]); printf("\n"); } } void init(int x[][N], int n, int value) { int i, j; for(i = 0; i < n; ++i) for(j = 0; j < n; ++j) x[i][j] = value; }
问题1:第二维的大小不能省略
问题2:output功能是输出行数和列数相等的正方形矩阵;init功能是将value的值填入正方形矩阵中
test 4
#include <stdio.h> #define N 100 void input(int x[],int n); double median(int x[],int n); int main(){ int x[N]; int n; double ans; while(printf("Enter n:"),scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF){ input(x,n); ans=median(x,n); printf("ans=%g\n\n",ans); } system("pause"); return 0; } void input(int x[],int n){ int i; for(i=0;i<n;++i) scanf("%d",&x[i]); } double median(int x[],int n){ int i,j,t; double ans; for(i=0;i<n-1;++i) for(j=0;j<n-1-i;++j) if(x[j]>x[j+1]){ t=x[j]; x[j]=x[j+1]; x[j+1]=t; } if(n%2==0) ans=(x[n/2-1]+x[n/2])/2.0; else ans=x[n/2-1/2]; return ans; }
test 5
#include <stdio.h> #define N 100 void input(int x[][N], int n); void output(int x[][N], int n); void rotate_to_right(int x[][N],int n); int main() { int x[N][N]; int n; printf("输入n: "); scanf("%d", &n); input(x, n); printf("原始矩阵:\n"); output(x, n); rotate_to_right(x,n); printf("变换后矩阵:\n"); output(x, n); return 0; } void input(int x[][N], int n) { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { for (j = 0; j < n; ++j) scanf("%d", &x[i][j]); } } void output(int x[][N], int n) { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { for (j = 0; j < n; ++j) printf("%4d", x[i][j]); printf("\n"); } } void rotate_to_right(int x[][N],int n){ int t,i,j; for(i=0;i<n;++i){ t=x[i][n-1]; for(j=n-2;j>=0;--j){ x[i][j+1]=x[i][j]; } x[i][0]=t; } }
test 6
#include <stdio.h> #define N 100 void dec_to_n(int x,int n); int main(){ int x; while(printf("输入十进制数:"),scanf("%d",&x)!=EOF){ dec_to_n(x,2); printf("\n"); dec_to_n(x,8); printf("\n"); dec_to_n(x,16); printf("\n"); } return 0; } void dec_to_n(int x,int n){ int j,a[N]; int i=0; if(n==2||n==8){ while(x!=0){ a[i]=x%n; x=x/n; ++i; } for(j=i-1;j>=0;--j){ printf("%d",a[j]); } } else if(n==16){ while(x!=0){ a[i]=x%n; x=x/n; ++i; } for(j=i-1;j>=0;--j){ switch(a[j]){ case 10:printf("A");break; case 11:printf("B");break; case 12:printf("C");break; case 13:printf("D");break; case 14:printf("E");break; case 15:printf("F");break; default:printf("%d",a[j]); } } } }
test 7
#include<stdio.h> #define N 100 void input(int x[][N],int n); void output(int x[][N],int n); int is_magic(int [][N],int n); int main(){ int x[N][N]; int n; while(printf("输入:"),scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF){ printf("输入方阵:\n"); input(x,n); printf("输出方阵:\n"); output(x,n); if(is_magic(x,n)) printf("是魔方矩阵\n\n"); else printf("不是魔方矩阵\n\n"); } return 0; } void input(int x[][N],int n){ int i,j; for(i=0;i<n;++i){ for(j=0;j<n;++j) scanf("%d",&x[i][j]); } } void output(int x[][N],int n){ int i,j; for(i=0;i<n;++i){ for(j=0;j<n;++j) printf("%4d",x[i][j]); printf("\n"); } } int is_magic(int x[][N],int n){ int i,j; int sum1,sum2,sum3=0,sum4=0; for(i=0;i<n;++i){ sum1=0,sum2=0; for(j=0;j<n;++j){ sum1+=x[i][j]; sum2+=x[j][i]; } if(sum1!=sum2) return 0; } for(i=0;i<n;++i){ sum3+=x[i][i]; sum4+=x[i][n-i-1]; } if(sum3!=sum4) return 0; return 1; }