订单管理系统分析及改进
一、来源
来自我的一个室友，他称自己为“C罗”，是他一年前学习c++时练手所写。
二、运行环境+运行结果截图
点击查看代码
#include "menu.h"
void Menu::readFile()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open("Menu.txt", ios::out);
int n = 0;
ifs >> n;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
Menu m;
ifs >> m.m_number >> m.m_name >> m.m_price >> m.m_cost;
menuList.push_back(m);
}
ifs.close();
}
void Menu::init()
{
this->readFile();
}
void Menu::writeFile()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open("Menu.txt", ios::out);
ofs << menuList.size() << endl; //先写入菜单数量
for (int i = 0; i < menuList.size(); i++)
{
ofs << menuList[i].m_number << " " << menuList[i].m_name << " " << menuList[i].m_price << " " << menuList[i].m_cost << endl;
}
ofs.close();
}
void Menu::showAllDish()
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
Menu::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < menuList.size(); i++)
{
cout << "\t\t";
menuList[i].showDishInfo();
}
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
void Menu::showHeader()
{
cout << left << setw(12) << "菜号";
cout << left << setw(10) << "菜名";
cout << left << setw(6) << "价格";
cout << left << setw(8) << "成本" << endl;
}
void Menu::showDishInfo()
{
cout << left << setw(12) << m_number;
cout << left << setw(10) << m_name;
cout << left << setw(6) << m_price;
cout << left << setw(8) << m_cost << endl;
}
void Menu::showMenu()
{
//主菜单
string sel = "0";
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t\t**********欢迎来到菜单管理系统**********" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t你可以进行以下操作:" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t| 1 添加新的菜单 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t| 2 删除一个菜单 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t| 3 显示菜单信息 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t| 0 退出 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t|------------------------------------------|" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-3】：";
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3"/* && sel != "4"*/)
{
cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-3】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
this->insertDish();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "2")
{
this->deleteDish();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "3")
{
this->showAllDish();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "0")
{
exit(0);
}
}
void Menu::insertDish()
{
while (true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t**********************欢迎来到添加菜单功能*************************" << endl;
cout << "\t\t当前已有菜单：" << endl;
showAllDish();
cout << endl;
cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 添加菜单信息" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请选择【1-2】：";
string select;
cin >> select;
while (select != "1" && select != "2")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法，请重新输入";
cin >> select;
}
if (select == "1")
{
string flag = "1";
while (flag == "1")
{
cout << "\t\t请输入菜单号" << endl;
cout << "\t\t菜单号： ";
Menu m;
bool check = false;
do
{
check = false;
cin >> m.m_number;
for (int i = 0; i < m.menuList.size(); i++)
{
if (m.m_number == menuList[i].m_number)
{
cout << "\t\t该单号已存在，请重新输入： ";
check = true;
break;
}
}
} while (check);
cout << "\t\t菜名： ";
cin >> m.m_name;
cout << "\t\t价格： ";
cin >> m.m_price;
cout << "\t\t成本：";
cin >> m.m_cost;
menuList.push_back(m);
writeFile();
cout << "\n\t\t该菜单信息添加成功！是否继续添加？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
cin >> flag;
while (flag != "0" && flag != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> flag;
}
}
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
void Menu::deleteDish()
{
while (true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到删除菜单信息功能***********************" << endl;
string sel = "0";
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 选择待删菜号" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-2】" << endl;
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "1" && sel != "2")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-2】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
int keyNum;
bool flag = false;
cout << "\t\t请输入待删除的菜号： ";
cin >> keyNum;
for (vector<Menu>::iterator it = menuList.begin(); it != menuList.end(); ++it)
{
if (it->m_number == keyNum)
{
flag = true;
cout << "\t\t待删除的菜单信息如下： " << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
Menu::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
it->showDishInfo();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t确认删除？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
string ch = "0";
cin >> ch;
while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> ch;
}
if (ch == "0") break;
else
{
menuList.erase(it);
writeFile();
cout << "\t\t删除成功！" << endl;
break;
}
}
}
if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此号，无法删除！\n" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
点击查看代码
#include "order.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iomanip>
#include "menu.h"
void order::init()
{
readFile();
}
void order::showHeader()
{
cout << left << setw(12) << "单号";
cout << left << setw(10) << "时间";
cout << left << setw(6) << "人数";
cout << left << setw(8) << "总价";
cout << left << setw(23) << "菜号";
cout << left << setw(6) << "数量" << endl;
}
void order::showListInfo()
{
cout << left << setw(12) << m_number;
cout << left << setw(10) << m_time;
cout << left << setw(6) << m_customers;
cout << left << setw(8) << m_price;
cout << left << setw(23) << menu_number;
cout << left << setw(6) << menu_count << endl;
}
void order::showAllList()
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
order::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < ordList.size(); i++)
{
cout << "\t\t";
ordList[i].showListInfo();
}
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
void order::readFile()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open("ordList.txt", ios::out);
int n = 0;
ifs >> n;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
order o;
ifs >> o.m_number >> o.m_time >> o.m_customers >> o.m_price >> o.menu_number >> o.menu_count;
ordList.push_back(o);
}
ifs.close();
}
void order::writeFile()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open("ordList.txt", ios::out);
ofs << ordList.size() << endl; //先写入订单数量
for (int i = 0; i < ordList.size(); i++)
{
ofs << ordList[i].m_number << " " << ordList[i].m_time << " " << ordList[i].m_customers
<< " " << ordList[i].m_price << " " << ordList[i].menu_number << " " << ordList[i].menu_count << endl;
}
ofs.close();
}
void order::showMenu()
{
//主菜单
string sel = "0";
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t\t**********欢迎来到订单管理系统**********" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t你可以进行以下操作:" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 1 添加订单信息 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 2 删除订单信息 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 3 查询订单信息 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 4 进入菜单管理 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 5 统计营收数据 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 6 清空系统数据 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t 0 退出 |" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t请选择【0-6】：";
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "0" && sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3" && sel != "4" && sel != "5" && sel != "6" )
{
cout << "\t\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-6】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
this->insertList();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "2")
{
this->deleteList();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "3")
{
showAllList();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "4")
{
Menu m;
m.init();
m.showMenu();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "5")
{
this->sumProfits();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "6")
{
this->clearList();
this->showMenu();
}
else if (sel == "0")
{
exit(0);
}
}
void order::insertList()
{
while (true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t**********************欢迎来到添加订单功能*************************" << endl;
cout << "\t\t当前已有订单：" << endl;
showAllList();
cout << endl;
cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 添加订单信息" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请选择【1-2】：";
string select;
cin >> select;
while (select != "1" && select != "2")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法，请重新输入";
cin >> select;
}
if (select == "1")
{
string flag = "1";
while (flag=="1")
{
cout << "\t\t请输入订单号" << endl;
cout << "\t\t订单号： ";
order o;
bool check = false;
do
{
check = false;
cin >> o.m_number;
for (int i = 0; i < o.ordList.size(); i++)
{
if (o.m_number == ordList[i].m_number)
{
cout << "\t\t该单号已存在，请重新输入： ";
check = true;
break;
}
}
} while (check);
cout << "\t\t下单时间： ";
cin >> o.m_time;
cout << "\t\t就餐人数： ";
cin >> o.m_customers;
cout << "\t\t订单总价： ";
cin >> o.m_price;
cout << "\t\t菜号： ";
cin >> o.menu_number;
cout << "\t\t数量：";
cin >> o.menu_count;
ordList.push_back(o);
writeFile();
cout << "\n\t\t该订单信息添加成功！是否继续添加？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
cin >> flag;
while (flag != "0" && flag != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> flag;
}
}
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
void order::deleteList()
{
while (true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到删除订单信息功能***********************" << endl;
string sel = "0";
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 按单号删除" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 按时间删除" << endl;
cout << "\t\t3 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-3】" << endl;
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "1" && sel != "2" && sel != "3")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
int keyNum;
bool flag = false;
cout << "\t\t请输入待删除的单号： ";
cin >> keyNum;
for (vector<order>::iterator it = ordList.begin(); it != ordList.end(); ++it)
{
if (it->m_number == keyNum)
{
flag = true;
cout << "\t\t待删除的订单信息如下： " << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
order::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
it->showListInfo();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t确认删除？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
string ch = "0";
cin >> ch;
while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> ch;
}
if (ch == "0") break;
else
{
ordList.erase(it);
writeFile();
cout << "\t\t删除成功！" << endl;
break;
}
}
}
if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此单，无法删除！\n" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
else if (sel == "2")
{
int keyTime;
bool flag = false;
cout << "\t\t请输入待删除订单的时间：";
cin >> keyTime;
for (vector<order>::iterator it = ordList.begin(); it != ordList.end(); ++it)
{
if (it->m_time == keyTime)
{
flag = true;
cout << "\t\t待删除单号的信息如下：" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t\t";
order::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
it->showListInfo();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t确认删除？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
string ch = "0";
cin >> ch;
while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> ch;
}
if (ch == "0") break;
else
{
ordList.erase(it);
writeFile();
cout << "\t\t删除成功！" << endl;
break;
}
}
}
if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此单，无法删除！\n" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
void order::clearList()
{
while (true)
{
string sel = "0";
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t**************欢迎来到清空系统数据功能***************" << endl;
cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 确认清空系统数据" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请慎重选择【1-2】：";
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "1" && sel != "2")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新输入【1-2】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
ordList.clear();
cout << "\t\t清空成功！" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
writeFile();
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
void order::sumProfits()
{
system("cls");
double sum = 0;
for (vector<order>::iterator it = ordList.begin(); it < ordList.end(); ++it)
{
sum += it->m_price;
}
cout << "\t\t\t总计卖出" << sum << "元" << endl;
system("pause");
}
点击查看代码
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include "order.h"
#include "menu.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
order od;
od.init();
od.showMenu();
return 0;
}
三、主要问题列表、针对问题所需的改善和重构
总体写的非常细致全面，只是存在一个小小的缺憾。这也是当时他想完成但没能完成的内容。就是增加系统的“修改订单选项”，这是当时的一个难点。
因此，此次我将个人的想法在原先基础上做了补充，使得系统更加全面合理。此外，我还在部分排版，循环处理等方面做了小的修改，使得运行看上去更加清晰整洁。
四、新代码附上
点击查看代码
void Menu::updateDish()
{
while (true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到修改菜单信息功能***********************" << endl;
string sel = "0";
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 修改菜单基本信息" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "1" && sel != "2")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
bool flag = false;
int keyNum;
cout << "\t\t请输入待修改菜单的单号：";
cin >> keyNum;
for (int i = 0; i < menuList.size(); i++)
{
if (menuList[i].m_number == keyNum)
{
flag = true;
cout << "\t\t待修改菜单基本信息如下：" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
Menu::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
menuList[i].showDishInfo();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
Menu s = menuList[i];
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的单号：";
bool check = false;
do
{
check = false;
cin >> s.m_number;
for (int j = 0; j < menuList.size(); ++j)
{
if (s.m_number == menuList[j].m_number && i != j)
{
cout << "\t\t该单号已被录入，请重新输入单号：";
check = true;
break;
}
}
} while (check);
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的菜号：";
cin >> s.m_number;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的菜名：";
cin >> s.m_name;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的价格：";
cin >> s.m_price;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的成本：";
cin >> s.m_cost;
cout << "\t\t是否确认修改？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
string ch = "0";
cin >> ch;
while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> ch;
}
if (ch == "0") break;
else
{
menuList[i] = s;
cout << "\t\t修改成功！" << endl;
writeFile();
break;
}
}
}
if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此号，无法修改！\n" << endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
}
点击查看代码
void order::updateList()
{
while (true)
{
system("cls");
cout << "\t\t***********************欢迎来到修改订单信息功能***********************" << endl;
string sel = "0";
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t1 修改订单基本信息" << endl;
cout << "\t\t2 返回主菜单" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【1-2】：";
cin >> sel;
while (sel != "1" && sel != "2")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【1-3】：";
cin >> sel;
}
if (sel == "1")
{
bool flag = false;
int keyNum;
cout << "\t\t请输入待修改订单的单号：";
cin >> keyNum;
for (int i = 0; i < ordList.size(); i++)
{
if (ordList[i].m_number == keyNum)
{
flag = true;
cout << "\t\t待修改订单基本信息如下：" << endl;
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
order::showHeader();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
cout << "\t\t";
ordList[i].showListInfo();
cout << "\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
order s = ordList[i];
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的单号：";
bool check = false;
do
{
check = false;
cin >> s.m_number;
for (int j = 0; j < ordList.size(); ++j)
{
if (s.m_number == ordList[j].m_number && i != j)
{
cout << "\t\t该单号已被录入，请重新输入单号：";
check = true;
break;
}
}
} while (check);
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的时间：";
cin >> s.m_time;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的就餐人数：";
cin >> s.m_customers;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的总价：";
cin >> s.m_price;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的菜号：";
cin >> s.menu_number;
cout << "\t\t请输入修改后的数量：";
cin >> s.menu_count;
cout << "\t\t是否确认修改？（1 是 0 否）" << endl;
cout << "\t\t请进行选择【0-1】：";
string ch = "0";
cin >> ch;
while (ch != "0" && ch != "1")
{
cout << "\t\t输入不合法,请重新选择【0-1】：";
cin >> ch;
}
if (ch == "0") break;
else
{
ordList[i] = s;
cout << "\t\t修改成功！" << endl;
writeFile();
break;
}
}
}
if (!flag) cout << "\t\t查无此人，无法修改！\n" << endl;
}
else
{
break;
}
cout << "\t\t";
system("pause");
}
}
五、重构的软件测试截图
六、总结
当修改代码时，我会首先仔细阅读原始代码，确保我充分理解其功能和逻辑。然后，我会考虑代码可能存在的问题或需要改进的地方。在修改代码的过程中，我会尽量保持代码风格的一致性。最后，我会进行测试，确保修改后的代码能够正常运行并达到预期的效果。这次修改的主要难点是对原有内容的修改，这一部分我起初也并没有掌握，然后通过网上的一些学习，最终实现了这一功能。
过程很是艰辛，看懂代码也需要耐心，虽然麻烦，但是真正实现还是很有成就感的。
