Django框架学习（案例一）

Django框架学习（案例）

案例一: 用户信息管理

0. 前期配置

url绑定

# urls.py
urlpatterns = [
    path("login/", views.login),
    path("index/", views.index),
    path("orm/", views.orm),
    path("user/list/", views.user_list),
    path("user/add/", views.user_add),
    path("user/delete/", views.user_delete)
    , ]

建立数据库

# models.py
class UserInfo(models.Model):
    """用户信息表"""
    name = models.CharField(verbose_name="用户名", max_length=32)
    password = models.CharField(verbose_name="密码", max_length=64)
    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="年龄", default=0)

1. 展示用户列表

url
函数
- 获取所有用户信息
- HTML渲染

# views.py
def user_list(request):
    # 获取数据库中所有用户信息
    data_list = UserInfo.objects.all()

    return render(request, "user_list.html", {"data": data_list})

简易的表格罗列

<!-- user_list.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>用户列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户信息列表</h1>
<table border="1">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>姓名</th>
        <th>密码</th>
        <th>年龄</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    {% for obj in data %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{ obj.id }}</td>
            <td>{{ obj.name }}</td>
            <td>{{ obj.password }}</td>
            <td>{{ obj.age }}</td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

2. 添加用户

url
函数
- GET，看到页面，输入内容
- POST，提交->写入数据库

# views.py
def user_add(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        return render(request, "uesr_add.html")
    else:
        # 获取数据
        user = request.POST.get("user")
        password = request.POST.get("password")
        age = request.POST.get("age")
        # 添加到数据库
        UserInfo.objects.create(name=user, password=password, age=age)
        return redirect("/user/list/")

简易的表单填写

<!-- user_add.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>添加用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>添加用户</h1>
<form method="post" action="/user/add/">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="user" placeholder="用户名">
    <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码">
    <input type="text" name="age" placeholder="年龄">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

改进:

在user/list/页面提供添加入口

<!-- user_list.html -->
<h1>用户信息列表</h1>
<a href="/user/add/">添加</a>
<table border="1">

3. 删除用户

函数

传参: 通过url传参

/user/delete/?nid=1
request.POST.get("nid")

# views.py
def user_delete(request):
    if request.method == "GET":
        id = request.GET.get("nid")
        UserInfo.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
        return redirect("/user/list/")

传参访问比较麻烦,考虑把删除选项放在user/list/表格右部:

<!-- user_list.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
...
<h1>用户信息列表</h1>
<a href="/user/add/">添加</a>
<table border="1">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>姓名</th>
        <th>密码</th>
        <th>年龄</th>
        <th>操作</th>	<!表头>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    {% for obj in data %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{ obj.id }}</td>
            <td>{{ obj.name }}</td>
            <td>{{ obj.password }}</td>
            <td>{{ obj.age }}</td>
            <td>
                <a href="/user/delete/?nid={{ obj.id }}">删除</a>	<!删除入口>
            </td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>