前端浅学之Vue

浅学Vue

引入

<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>

Hello Vue

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			{{message}}
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				data:{
					message:"hello Vue!"
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

条件渲染

v-if,v-else

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			<h1 v-if="awesmoe">Vue is awesmoe</h1>
			<h1 v-else>Oh no</h1>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				data:{
					awesmoe:true
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

v-else-if

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			<div v-if="type==='A'">A</div>
			<div v-else-if="type==='B'">B</div>
			<div v-else-if="type==='C'">C</div>
			<div v-else>not A/B/C</div>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				data:{
					type:'A'
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

列表渲染

v-for

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<ul id="example-1">
			<li v-for="item in items">
				{{item.message}}
			</li>
		</ul>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#example-1",
				data:{
					items:[
						{message:'Foo'},
						{message:'Bar'}
					]
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

事件处理

v-on

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="example-1">
			<button v-on:click="greet">Greet</button>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#example-1",
				data:{
					message:"Hello"
				},
				methods:{
					greet:function(){
						alert(this.message)
					}
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

Axios

引入

<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>

data,json

{
	"name": "百度",
	"url": "https://baidu.com/",
	"page": 66,
	"isNonProfit": true,
	"address": {
		"street": "广州",
		"city": "广东",
		"country": "中国"
	},
	"links": [{
		"name": "博客园",
		"url": "https://www.cnblogs.com/"
	}, {
		"name": "必应",
		"url": "https://www.bing.com/"
	}, {
		"name": "搜狗",
		"url": "https://www.sougou.com/"
	}]
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			<div>
				名称：{{info.name}}
			</div>
			<div>
				url：{{info.url}}
			</div>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				data(){
					return{
						info:{
							name:'',
							url:''
						}
					}
				},
				mounted(){
					axios
						.get('data.json')
						.then(response=>this.info=response.data)
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

表单输入绑定

v-model

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			<input type="text" v-model="message" value="这个value不显示了,双向绑定显示Hello"/>
			<p>Message is :{{message}}</p>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				data:{
					message:"Hello"
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

组件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			<ul>
				<my-component-li v-for="item in items" v-bind:item="item">
					
				</my-component-li>
			</ul>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			//定义一个组件
			Vue.component("my-component-li",{
				props:["item"], 
				template:'<li>{{item}}</li>'
			})
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				data:{
					items:["张三","李四","王五"]
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

计算属性

将计算结果缓存，变成静态属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="utf-8">
		<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.5.21/dist/vue.js"></script>
		<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
		<title></title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<div id="app">
			<p>当前时间方法:{{getCurrentTime()}}</p>
			<p>当前时间属性:{{getCurrentTime1}}</p>
		</div>
		
		<script>
			var app=new Vue({
				//element,绑定id
				el:"#app",
				//方法
				methods:{
					getCurrentTime:function(){
						return Date.now();
					}
				},
				//计算属性
				computed:{
					getCurrentTime1:function(){
						return Date.now();
					}
				}
			})
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

Vue-cli

用于快速生成项目模板

下载node.js，下载地址

安装，一路next

验证，cmd,node -v,npm -v

镜像，npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

下载，npm install vue-cli -g

验证，vue -V

如果安装失败，可以先卸载，再次安装最新版

还不行，执行npm config list，查看prefix，找到vue.cmd安装目录，加入path环境变量中

进入对应路径下，执行vue init webpack firstvue创建一个项目，跟着提示选择

进入创建的firstvue，执行npm install

执行npm run dev

浏览器输入打印的网址回车

Vue-cli目录结构

build 和 config：WebPack 配置文件
node_modules：用于存放 npm install 安装的依赖文件
src：项目源码目录
static：静态资源文件
.babelrc：Babel 配置文件，主要作用是将 ES6 转换为 ES5
.editorconfig：编辑器配置
eslintignore：需要忽略的语法检查配置文件
.gitignore：git 忽略的配置文件
.postcssrc.js：css 相关配置文件，其中内部的 module.exports 是 NodeJS 模块化语法
index.html：首页，仅作为模板页，实际开发时不使用
package.json:项目的配置文件
- name：项目名称
- version：项目版本
- description：项目描述
- author：项目作者
- scripts：封装常用命令
- dependencies：生产环境依赖
- devDependencies：开发环境依赖

Webpack

一款模块加载器兼打包工具，它能把各种资源，如 JS、JSX、ES6、SASS、LESS、图片等都作为模块来处理和使用。

安装

npm install webpack -g
npm install webpack-cli -g

检验

webpack -v
webpack-cli -v

配置

-webpack
--modules
---main.js
---hello.js
-webpack.config.js

entry：入口文件，指定Web Pack用哪个文件作为项目的入口
output：输出，指定WebPack把处理完成的文件放置到指定路径
module：模块，用于处理各种类型的文件
plugins：插件，如：热更新、代码重用等
resolve：设置路径指向
watch：监听，用于设置文件改动后直接打包

main.js

var hello=require("./hello");
hello.sayHi();

hello.js

exports.sayHi=function(){
	document.write("<div>Hello Webpack</div>");
}

webpack.config.js

module.exports = { 
	entry: "./modules/main.js",     
	output: {		
		path: "",
		filename: "./js/bundle.js"    ,
	},     
	module: {		
		loaders: [
			{test: /\.js$/,loader: ""}
		]
	},
	plugins: {},   
	resolve: {},     
	watch: true
}

打包

cmd进入webpack目录下执行webpack

vue-router

官方的路由管理器

安装

npm install vue-router --save-dev

不成功尝试npm install --legacy-peer-deps vue-router@3.5.2

例子

.html调用.js调用.vue

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>myvue</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app"></div>
    <!-- built files will be auto injected -->
  </body>
</html>

main.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
import router from './router' //自动扫描里面的路由配置

Vue.config.productionTip = false

new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  //配置路由
  router,
  components: { App },
  template: '<App/>'
})

App.vue

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <img src="./assets/logo.png">
    <h1>迪师傅</h1>

    <router-link to="/main">首页</router-link>
    <router-link to="/content">内容页</router-link>
    <router-link to="/kuang">Kuang</router-link>
    <router-view></router-view>

  </div>
</template>

<script>

export default {
  name: 'App',
  components: {
  }
}
</script>

<style>
#app {
  font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  text-align: center;
  color: #2c3e50;
  margin-top: 60px;
}
</style>

Content.vue

<template>
  <h1>内容</h1>
</template>

<script>
    export default {
        name: "Content"
    }
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

router/index.js

import Vue from "vue";
import VueRouter from "vue-router";
import Content from "../components/Content";
import Main from "../components/Main";
import Kuang from "../components/Kuang";

//安装路由
Vue.use(VueRouter);

//配置导出路由
export default new VueRouter({
  routes: [
    {
      //路由路径
      path: '/content',
      name: 'content',
      //跳转的组件
      component: Content
    },
    {
      //路由路径
      path: '/main',
      name: 'main',
      //跳转的组件
      component: Main
    },
    {
      //路由路径
      path: '/kuang',
      name: 'kuang',
      //跳转的组件
      component: Kuang
    }
  ]
})

Vue+Element

安装

进入路径，执行vue init webpack xxxx
进入xxxx，执行npm install --legacy-peer-deps vue-router@3.5.2
安装element-ui，npm i element-ui -S
安装依赖，npm install
安装SASS加载器，cnpm install sass-loader node-sass --save-dev
启动，进行测试，npm run dev

sass-loader版本退回7.3.1

举例

1.创建views目录，创建视图组件吧

Main.vue

<template>
  <h1>首页</h1>
</template>
<script>
    export default {
        name: "Main"
    }
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>

Login.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <el-form ref="loginForm" :model="form" :rules="rules" label-width="80px" class="login-box">
      <h3 class="login-title">欢迎登录</h3>
      <el-form-item label="账号" prop="username">
        <el-input type="text" placeholder="请输入账号" v-model="form.username"/>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="密码" prop="password">
        <el-input type="password" placeholder="请输入密码" v-model="form.password"/>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary" v-on:click="onSubmit('loginForm')">登录</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>

    <el-dialog
      title="温馨提示"
      :visible.sync="dialogVisible"
      width="30%"
      :before-close="handleClose">
      <span>请输入账号和密码</span>
      <span slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
        <el-button type="primary" @click="dialogVisible = false">确 定</el-button>
      </span>
    </el-dialog>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
  export default {
    name: "Login",
    data() {
      return {
        form: {
          username: '',
          password: ''
        },

        // 表单验证，需要在 el-form-item 元素中增加 prop 属性
        rules: {
          username: [
            {required: true, message: '账号不可为空', trigger: 'blur'}
          ],
          password: [
            {required: true, message: '密码不可为空', trigger: 'blur'}
          ]
        },

        // 对话框显示和隐藏
        dialogVisible: false
      }
    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit(formName) {
        // 为表单绑定验证功能
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            // 使用 vue-router 路由到指定页面，该方式称之为编程式导航
            this.$router.push("/main");
          } else {
            this.dialogVisible = true;
            return false;
          }
        });
      }
    }
  }
</script>

<style lang="scss" scoped>
  .login-box {
    border: 1px solid #DCDFE6;
    width: 350px;
    margin: 180px auto;
    padding: 35px 35px 15px 35px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 25px #909399;
  }

  .login-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin: 0 auto 40px auto;
    color: #303133;
  }
</style>

2.创建路由

index.js

import Vue from "vue";
import Router from "vue-router";
import Main from "../views/Main";
import Login from "../views/Login";

Vue.use(Router);

export default new Router({
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/main',
      component: Main
    },
    {
      path: '/login',
      component: Login
    }
  ]
});

3.main.js配置

main.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
//扫描路由配置
import router from './router'
//导入elementUI
import ElementUI from "element-ui"
//导入element css
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css'

Vue.use(router);
Vue.use(ElementUI)

new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  router,
  render: h => h(App),//ElementUI规定这样使用
})

4.App.vue中配置显示视图

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <router-link to="/login">login</router-link>
    <router-view></router-view>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  name: 'App',
}
</script>

路由嵌套

举例

在之前的基础上新增和修改对应页面

Profile.vue

<template>
  <h1>个人信息</h1>
</template>
<script>
  export default {
    name: "UserProfile"
  }
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>

List.vue

<template>
  <h1>用户列表</h1>
</template>
<script>
  export default {
    name: "UserList"
  }
</script>
<style scoped>
</style>

Main.vue

<template>
  <div>
    <el-container>
      <el-aside width="200px">
        <el-menu :default-openeds="['1']">
          <el-submenu index="1">
            <template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-caret-right"></i>用户管理</template>
            <el-menu-item-group>
              <el-menu-item index="1-1">
                <!--插入的地方-->
                <router-link to="/user/profile">个人信息</router-link>
              </el-menu-item>
              <el-menu-item index="1-2">
                <!--插入的地方-->
                <router-link to="/user/list">用户列表</router-link>
              </el-menu-item>
            </el-menu-item-group>
          </el-submenu>
          <el-submenu index="2">
            <template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-caret-right"></i>内容管理</template>
            <el-menu-item-group>
              <el-menu-item index="2-1">分类管理</el-menu-item>
              <el-menu-item index="2-2">内容列表</el-menu-item>
            </el-menu-item-group>
          </el-submenu>
        </el-menu>
      </el-aside>

      <el-container>
        <el-header style="text-align: right; font-size: 12px">
          <el-dropdown>
            <i class="el-icon-setting" style="margin-right: 15px"></i>
            <el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown">
              <el-dropdown-item>个人信息</el-dropdown-item>
              <el-dropdown-item>退出登录</el-dropdown-item>
            </el-dropdown-menu>
          </el-dropdown>
        </el-header>
        <el-main>
          <!--在这里展示视图-->
          <router-view />
        </el-main>
      </el-container>
    </el-container>
  </div>
</template>
<script>
  export default {
    name: "Main"
  }
</script>
<style scoped lang="scss">
  .el-header {
    background-color: #B3C0D1;
    color: #333;
    line-height: 60px;
  }
  .el-aside {
    color: #333;
  }
</style>

index.js

import Vue from "vue";
import Router from "vue-router";
import Main from "../views/Main";
import Login from "../views/Login";
import UserList from "../views/user/List";
import UserProfile from "../views/user/Profile";

Vue.use(Router);

export default new Router({
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/main',
      component: Main,
      //路由嵌套
      children: [
        {path: '/user/profile',component: UserProfile},
        {path: '/user/list',component: UserList}
      ]
    },
    {
      path: '/login',
      component: Login
    }
  ]
});

posted @ 2022-10-03 19:21 我没有bug 阅读(113) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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Login_X's Blogs

我的学习记录

前端浅学之Vue

浅学Vue

Hello Vue

条件渲染

v-if,v-else

v-else-if

列表渲染

v-for

事件处理

v-on

Axios

表单输入绑定

v-model

组件

计算属性

Vue-cli

Vue-cli目录结构

Webpack

安装

检验

配置

vue-router

安装

例子

Vue+Element

安装

举例

1.创建views目录，创建视图组件吧

2.创建路由

3.main.js配置

4.App.vue中配置显示视图

路由嵌套

举例

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