centos7 安装python3.7
今天给centos7安装python7.2 的时候遇到了很多坑,在这多已记录,方便以后安装使用
1:安装依赖环境
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
2:下载python3
https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz
- #如果出现 找不到wget命令,输入yum -y install wget,安装其依赖将会被安装
3:解压:
tar -xvJf Python-3.7.2.tar.xz
4:创建编译安装目录
mkdir /usr/local/python3
5:指定安装路劲以及安装依赖
cd Python-3.7.1.tgz ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations --with-ssl #第一个指定安装的路径,不指定的话,安装过程中可能软件所需要的文件复制到其他不同目录,删除软件很不方便,复制软件也不方便. #第二个可以提高python10%-20%代码运行速度. #第三个是为了安装pip需要用到ssl,后面报错会有提到. make && make install
6:安装pip
1》:没有_copy 包,得安装
执行命令 yum -y install libffi-devel tk-devel 切换目录 cd /opt/Python-3.7.2/ 重新编译 make install
2》:安装setuptools-19.6
#下载: https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-19.6.tar.gz #解压: tar - zxvf setuptools-19.6.tar.gz #进入: cd setuptools-19.6 #安装: /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 setup.py build /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 setup.py install
3》:安装pip
#下载: wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-8.0.2.tar.gz #解压: tar - zxvf pip-8.0.2.tar.gz # 进入: cd pip-8.0.2 #安装: /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 setup.py build /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 setup.py install
6:创建软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3
7:验证
python3 -V
pip3 -V
8:更改pip源
[root@localhost ~]# cd ~ [root@localhost ~]# mkdir .pip [root@localhost ~]# cd .pip [root@localhost .pip]# vim pip.conf
[global] index-url=https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple trusted-host = pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn