MongoDB 2.5、与python交互
2.5、与python交互
- 点击查看官方文档
- 安装python包
进入虚拟环境
sudo pip install pymongo
或源码安装
python setup.py
- 引入包pymongo
import pymongo
类MongoClient
- 连接,创建客户端
无安全认证:client=pymongo.MongoClient(
'mongodb://localhost:27017')
有安全认证:client=pymongo.MongoClient(
'mongodb://用户名:密码@localhost:27017/数据库名称')
类database
- 获得数据库test1
db=client.test1
类collection
- 主要方法如下
- insert_one()
- insert_many()
- update_one()
- update_many()
- delete_one()
- delete_many()
- find_one()
- find()
- 获取集合stu
stu = db.stu
- 添加文档,可以返回文档的id
s1={name:'gj',age:18}
s1_id = stu.insert_one(s1).inserted_id
print(s1_id)
- 修改文档
scores.update_one({'name':'zsf'},{'$set':{'name':'张三丰'}})
- 删除文档
scores.delete_one({'name':'zsf'})
- 查找一个文档,将文档转换为了一个字典返回
ret = stu.find_one()
print(ret)
print(ret['name'])
ret = stu.find_one({'name':'张三丰'})
print(ret)
print(ret['name'])
- 查找多个文档1,返回一个Cursor类型的对象,用于遍历,遍历时,每个文档以字典的形式返回
cursor = stu.find()
for s in cursor:
print(s)
print(s['name'])
cursor = stu.find({'name':'张三丰'})
for s in cursor:
print(s)
print(s['name'])
- 查找多个文档2
cur=stu.find()
cur.next()
cur.next()
cur.next()
- 获取文档个数
print stu.count()
- 排序,返回cursor类型的对象
- 升序使用ASCENDING,降序使用DESCENDING:
单属性:cur = stu.find().sort('age', DESCENDING)
多属性:cur = stu.find().sort([('age', DESCENDING),('name', ASCENDING)])
- 子集
cur=stu.find().skip(2).limit(3)
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- # @Time : 2020/1/29 23:16 # @Author : xxxx # @File : test1_mongodb.py # @Software: PyCharm import pymongo def test0(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 添加 scores.insert_one({'name':'张一丰'}) # 删除 scores.delete_one({'name':'张一丰'}) # 修改 scores.update_one({'name':'zsf'},{'$set':{'name':'张三丰'}}) def test1(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 查询 ret = scores.find_one() print(ret) print(ret['name']) def test2(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 查询 ret = scores.find_one({'name':'张三丰'}) print(ret) print(ret['name']) def test3(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 查询 cursor = scores.find() for s in cursor: print(s) print(s['name']) def test4(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 查询 cursor = scores.find({'name':'张三丰'}) for s in cursor: print(s) print(s['name']) def test5(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 查询 # ret = scores.find({'age':{'$gt':20}}) # for s in ret: # print(s['name']) def test6(): # 获取客户端,建立连接 cli = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017') # 切换数据库 db = cli.liuyan # 获取集合 scores = db.scores # 查询、排序 # cursor = scores.find().sort('name', pymongo.DESCENDING) cursor = scores.find().sort([('name', pymongo.DESCENDING), ('age', pymongo.ASCENDING)]) for s in cursor: # print(s) print(s['name']) if __name__ == '__main__': # test0() # test1() # test2() # test3() # test4() # test5() test6()