串的堆分配存储表示[原创]
1/*=================串的堆分配存储表示====================*/
2#include <stdio.h>
3#include <malloc.h>
4typedef struct{
5 char *ch;
6 int length;
7}hstring;
8/*==============================*/
9int print(hstring str){
10 int i=str.length,j=0;
11 if(!i){
12 printf("\nthe string is empty..\n");
13 return 0;
14 }
15 printf("The string:~");
16
17 while(i--){
18 printf("%c",str.ch[j]);
19 j++;
20 }
21}
22/*===========基本操作函数原型说明=============*/
23int strassign(hstring *t,char *chars){/* 生成一个其值等于串常量chars的串t*/
24 int i,j=0;
25 char *c;
26 if(t->ch) free(t->ch);/* 释放t指向的原有空间*/
27
28 for(i=0,c=chars ; c ; ++i,++c); /* 求chars的长度i*/
29
30 if(!i){ t->ch=NULL; t->length=0;}/* 当chars所指串为空的情况*/
31 else{
32 if(!(t->ch=(char *)malloc(i*sizeof(char)))) return 0;
33 while(--i){/*--i而不是i--*/
34 t->ch[j]=chars[j];
35 t->length=i;
36 j++;
37 }
38 }
39 return 1;
40}
41
42
43int strcompare(hstring s,hstring t){/*比较两个串*/
44 int i;
45 for(i=0;i<s.length&&i<t.length;++i)
46 if(s.ch[i]!=t.ch[i]) return s.ch[i]-t.ch[i];
47 return s.length-t.length;
48}
49
50
51int clearstring(hstring *s){/*将s清空*/
52 if(s->ch){
53 free(s->ch);
54 s->ch=NULL;
55 }
56 s->length=0;
57 return 1;
58}
59
60
61int concat(hstring *t,hstring s1,hstring s2){/*用t返回由s1,s2联结成的新串*/
62 int i,j=0;
63 if(t->ch) free(t->ch);
64 if(!(t->ch=(char *)malloc((s1.length+s2.length)*sizeof(char)))) return 0;
65
66 i=s1.length;
67 while(--i){/*先将s1复制到t中*/
68 t->ch[j]=s1.ch[j];
69 j++;
70 }
71
72 t->length=s1.length+s2.length;
73
74 i=s2.length; j=0;
75 while(--i){/*再将s2联结到t后面*/
76 t->ch[j+s1.length]=s2.ch[j];
77 j++;
78 }
79 return 1;
80}
81
82
83void substring(hstring *sub,hstring s,int pos,int len){
84 /*用sub返回串s的第pos个字符起长度为len的子串*/
85 int i,j;
86 if(pos<1 || pos>s.length || len<0 || len>s.length-pos+1){
87 printf("\nplease input the correct pos or len..\n");
88 return 0;
89 }
90
91 if(sub->ch) free(sub->ch);/*释放旧空间*/
92
93 if(!len){/*返回空子串的情况*/
94 sub->ch=NULL;
95 sub->length=0;
96 }
97 else{/*完整子串*/
98 sub->ch=(char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char));
99 j=len; j=0;
100 while(--i){
101 sub->ch[j]=s.ch[pos-1+j];
102 j++;
103 }
104 sub->length=len;
105 }
106}
107/*================主函数部分======================*/
108main(){
109 hstring *hs,*str,*st,*sub;
110
111 str->ch="YANG ZHOU UNIVERCITY"; str->length=20;
112 st->ch="JIAO JI 07"; st->length=10;
113 hs->ch=""; hs->length=0;
114 sub->ch=""; sub->length=0;
115
116
117 print(*hs);
118
119 strassign(hs,str->ch);
120 printf("\nstrassign(hs,str),");
121 print(*hs);
122
123 printf("the string st,");/**/
124 print(*st);
125
126 if(strcompare(*str,*st)>0) printf("\nstr>st\n");/**/
127
128 clearstring(str);/**/
129 printf("clearstring(str),str,");
130 print(*str);
131
132 concat(hs,*str,*st);
133 printf("\nconcat(hs,*str,*st),");
134 print(*hs);
135
136 substring(sub,*hs,5,10); /**/
137 printf("\nsubstring(sub,*hs,5,10),print sub,");
138 print(*sub);
139
140 substring(sub,*hs,10,15);/**/
141 printf("\nsubstring(sub,*hs,10,15),print sub,");
142 print(*sub);
143
144
145getch();
146}
147
148
2#include <stdio.h>
3#include <malloc.h>
4typedef struct{
5 char *ch;
6 int length;
7}hstring;
8/*==============================*/
9int print(hstring str){
10 int i=str.length,j=0;
11 if(!i){
12 printf("\nthe string is empty..\n");
13 return 0;
14 }
15 printf("The string:~");
16
17 while(i--){
18 printf("%c",str.ch[j]);
19 j++;
20 }
21}
22/*===========基本操作函数原型说明=============*/
23int strassign(hstring *t,char *chars){/* 生成一个其值等于串常量chars的串t*/
24 int i,j=0;
25 char *c;
26 if(t->ch) free(t->ch);/* 释放t指向的原有空间*/
27
28 for(i=0,c=chars ; c ; ++i,++c); /* 求chars的长度i*/
29
30 if(!i){ t->ch=NULL; t->length=0;}/* 当chars所指串为空的情况*/
31 else{
32 if(!(t->ch=(char *)malloc(i*sizeof(char)))) return 0;
33 while(--i){/*--i而不是i--*/
34 t->ch[j]=chars[j];
35 t->length=i;
36 j++;
37 }
38 }
39 return 1;
40}
41
42
43int strcompare(hstring s,hstring t){/*比较两个串*/
44 int i;
45 for(i=0;i<s.length&&i<t.length;++i)
46 if(s.ch[i]!=t.ch[i]) return s.ch[i]-t.ch[i];
47 return s.length-t.length;
48}
49
50
51int clearstring(hstring *s){/*将s清空*/
52 if(s->ch){
53 free(s->ch);
54 s->ch=NULL;
55 }
56 s->length=0;
57 return 1;
58}
59
60
61int concat(hstring *t,hstring s1,hstring s2){/*用t返回由s1,s2联结成的新串*/
62 int i,j=0;
63 if(t->ch) free(t->ch);
64 if(!(t->ch=(char *)malloc((s1.length+s2.length)*sizeof(char)))) return 0;
65
66 i=s1.length;
67 while(--i){/*先将s1复制到t中*/
68 t->ch[j]=s1.ch[j];
69 j++;
70 }
71
72 t->length=s1.length+s2.length;
73
74 i=s2.length; j=0;
75 while(--i){/*再将s2联结到t后面*/
76 t->ch[j+s1.length]=s2.ch[j];
77 j++;
78 }
79 return 1;
80}
81
82
83void substring(hstring *sub,hstring s,int pos,int len){
84 /*用sub返回串s的第pos个字符起长度为len的子串*/
85 int i,j;
86 if(pos<1 || pos>s.length || len<0 || len>s.length-pos+1){
87 printf("\nplease input the correct pos or len..\n");
88 return 0;
89 }
90
91 if(sub->ch) free(sub->ch);/*释放旧空间*/
92
93 if(!len){/*返回空子串的情况*/
94 sub->ch=NULL;
95 sub->length=0;
96 }
97 else{/*完整子串*/
98 sub->ch=(char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char));
99 j=len; j=0;
100 while(--i){
101 sub->ch[j]=s.ch[pos-1+j];
102 j++;
103 }
104 sub->length=len;
105 }
106}
107/*================主函数部分======================*/
108main(){
109 hstring *hs,*str,*st,*sub;
110
111 str->ch="YANG ZHOU UNIVERCITY"; str->length=20;
112 st->ch="JIAO JI 07"; st->length=10;
113 hs->ch=""; hs->length=0;
114 sub->ch=""; sub->length=0;
115
116
117 print(*hs);
118
119 strassign(hs,str->ch);
120 printf("\nstrassign(hs,str),");
121 print(*hs);
122
123 printf("the string st,");/**/
124 print(*st);
125
126 if(strcompare(*str,*st)>0) printf("\nstr>st\n");/**/
127
128 clearstring(str);/**/
129 printf("clearstring(str),str,");
130 print(*str);
131
132 concat(hs,*str,*st);
133 printf("\nconcat(hs,*str,*st),");
134 print(*hs);
135
136 substring(sub,*hs,5,10); /**/
137 printf("\nsubstring(sub,*hs,5,10),print sub,");
138 print(*sub);
139
140 substring(sub,*hs,10,15);/**/
141 printf("\nsubstring(sub,*hs,10,15),print sub,");
142 print(*sub);
143
144
145getch();
146}
147
148