如何使用Java计算货币/钱~(How to calculate monetary values in Java)
There are many monetary values calculation in the financial or e-commerce application, and there is one question that arises for this – Should we use double
or float
data type to represent the monetary values?
在金融或电子商务应用程序中有许多货币价值的计算,因此出现了一个问题——我们应该使用double或float数据类型来表示货币价值吗?
Answer: Always uses java.math.BigDecimal
to represent the monetary values.
答案:总是使用java.math.BigDecimal
表示货币值。
1. Double or Float?
Here is an example of using double
and float
to represent the monetary values in Java.
下面是一个使用double和float来表示Java中的货币值的例子。
1 package moneycount;
2
3 import java.text.DecimalFormat;
4
5 public class JavaMoney {
6 private static DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");
7
8 public static void main(String[] args) {
9 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.1);//0.8999999999999999
10 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.2);//0.8
11 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.3);//0.7
12 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.4);//0.6000000000000001
13 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.5);//0.5
14 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.6);//0.3999999999999999
15 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.7);//0.30000000000000004
16 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.8);//0.19999999999999996
17 System.out.println(2.00 - 1.9);//0.10000000000000009
18 System.out.println(2.00 - 2);//0.0
19
20 System.out.println("--------------------");
21
22 double i = 2.0;
23 double j = 1.7;
24
25 System.out.println("double : " + (i - j));//double : 0.30000000000000004
26 System.out.println("double : " + df.format(i - j));//double : 0.30
27
28 float i2 = 2.0f;
29 float j2 = 1.7f;
30
31 System.out.println("float : " + (i2 - j2));//float : 0.29999995
32 System.out.println("float : " + df.format(i2 - j2));//float : 0.30
33 }
34 }
运行结果
1 -------------------- 2 0.8999999999999999 3 0.8 4 0.7 5 0.6000000000000001 6 0.5 7 0.3999999999999999 8 0.30000000000000004 9 0.19999999999999996 10 0.10000000000000009 11 0.0 12 -------------------- 13 double : 0.30000000000000004 14 double : 0.30 15 float : 0.29999995 16 float : 0.30
结果——可以看出,使用了DecimalFormat 适配后,便会得出想要的结果。
通过查看BigDecimal类,发现其构造函数,可传入的值类型有6种,
BigDecimal(BigInteger val)
1 public BigDecimal(BigInteger val) {
2 scale = 0; //private final int scale;
3 intVal = val; //private final BigInteger intVal;
4 intCompact = compactValFor(val); //private final transient long intCompact;
5 }
BigDecimal(char[] in)
public BigDecimal(char[] in) {
this(in, 0, in.length);
}
BigDecimal(double val)
public BigDecimal(double val) {
this(val,MathContext.UNLIMITED);
}
BigDecimal(int val)
public BigDecimal(int val) {
this.intCompact = val;
this.scale = 0;
this.intVal = null;
}
BigDecimal(long val)
public BigDecimal(long val) {
this.intCompact = val;
this.intVal = (val == INFLATED) ? INFLATED_BIGINT : null;
this.scale = 0;
}
BigDecimal(String val)
public BigDecimal(String val) {
this(val.toCharArray(), 0, val.length());
}
2. String or Other?
测试创建实例,使用int和String创建实例
1 package moneycount;
2
3 import java.math.BigDecimal;
4 import java.text.DecimalFormat;
5
6 public class JavaMoney {
7 private static DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");
8
9 public static void main(String[] args) {
10 BigDecimal num1 = new BigDecimal(0.001);
11 BigDecimal num2 = new BigDecimal(0.5);
12 BigDecimal num3 = new BigDecimal(100);
13 BigDecimal num4 = new BigDecimal(-5);
14
15 BigDecimal nums1 = new BigDecimal("0.001");
16 BigDecimal nums2 = new BigDecimal("0.5");
17 BigDecimal nums3 = new BigDecimal("100");
18 BigDecimal nums4 = new BigDecimal("-5");
19
20 //加法
21 BigDecimal result1 = num1.add(num2);
22 BigDecimal results1 = nums1.add(num2);
23 System.out.println("result1="+result1);
24 System.out.println("results1="+results1);
25 //减法
26 BigDecimal result2 = num3.add(num2);
27 BigDecimal results2 = nums3.add(num2);
28 System.out.println("result2="+result2);
29 System.out.println("results2="+results2);
30 //乘法
31 BigDecimal result3 = num1.add(num3);
32 BigDecimal results3 = nums1.add(num3);
33 System.out.println("result3="+result3);
34 System.out.println("results3="+results3);
35 //除法
36 BigDecimal result4 = num3.divide(num2);
37 BigDecimal results4 = nums3.divide(num2);
38 System.out.println("result4="+result4);
39 System.out.println("results4="+results4);
40 //绝对值
41 BigDecimal result5 = num4.abs();
42 BigDecimal results5 = nums4.abs();
43 System.out.println("result5="+result5);
44 System.out.println("results5="+results5);
45 }
46 }
运行结果
得出结论,建议使用String创建 BigDecimal实例。