Spring中的 JdbcTemplate

Spring中的 JdbcTemplate

JdbcTemplate 概述

它是 spring 框架中提供的一个对象,是对原始 Jdbc API 对象的简单封装。spring 框架为我们提供了很多 的操作模板类。

操作关系型数据的:

JdbcTemplate

HibernateTemplate
操作 nosql 数据库的: RedisTemplate
操作消息队列的: JmsTemplate
我们今天的主角在 spring-jdbc-5.0.2.RELEASE.jar 中,我们在导包的时候,除了要导入这个 jar 包 外,还需要导入一个 spring-tx-5.0.2.RELEASE.jar(它是和事务相关的)。

环境搭建

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    
    <!-- 配置账户的持久层-->  
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <!--<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置JdbcTemplate <!-- 引入外部属性文件: --> 
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>-->

    <!-- 配置数据源-->
   我们之前已经接触过了两个数据源,C3P0 和 DBCP。要想使用这两数据源都需要导入对应的 jar 包。
  spring 框架也提供了一个内置数据源,我们也可以使用 spring 的内置数据源,它就在 spring-jdbc-5.0.2.REEASE.jar 包中
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="1234"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

JdbcTemplate的最基本用法

使用xml配置

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IAccountDao {

    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
        if(accounts.isEmpty()){
            return null;
        }
        if(accounts.size()>1){
            throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
        }
        return accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        super.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
    }
}

使用注解配置

package com.itheima.dao.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的持久层实现类
 */
@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl2 implements IAccountDao {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;


    @Override
    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
        return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
        if(accounts.isEmpty()){
            return null;
        }
        if(accounts.size()>1){
            throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
        }
        return accounts.get(0);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
    }
}

JdbcTemplate的CRUD用法

package com.itheima.jdbctemplate;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * JdbcTemplate的CRUD操作
 */
public class JdbcTemplateDemo3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.获取容器
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
        //2.获取对象
        JdbcTemplate jt = ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate",JdbcTemplate.class);
        //3.执行操作
        
        保存
        jt.update("insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)","eee",3333f);
        
        更新
        jt.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?","test",4567,7);
        
        删除
        jt.update("delete from account where id=?",8);
        
        查询所有
        List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account where money > ?",new AccountRowMapper(),1000f);
        List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account where money > ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),1000f);
        for(Account account : accounts){
            System.out.println(account);
        }
        
       查询一个
       List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),1);
       System.out.println(accounts.isEmpty()?"没有内容":accounts.get(0));

        查询返回一行一列(使用聚合函数,但不加group by子句)
        Long count = jt.queryForObject("select count(*) from account where money > ?",Long.class,1000f);
        System.out.println(count);
    }
}

/**
 * 定义Account的封装策略 
 */
class AccountRowMapper implements RowMapper<Account>{
    /**
     * 把结果集中的数据封装到Account中,然后由spring把每个Account加到集合中
     * @param rs
     * @param rowNum
     * @return
     * @throws SQLException
     */
    @Override
    public Account mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
        account.setName(rs.getString("name"));
        account.setMoney(rs.getFloat("money"));
        return account;
    }
}
posted @ 2020-03-29 16:52  木子酱  阅读(158)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报