Spring中的 JdbcTemplate
Spring中的 JdbcTemplate
JdbcTemplate 概述
它是 spring 框架中提供的一个对象,是对原始 Jdbc API 对象的简单封装。spring 框架为我们提供了很多 的操作模板类。
操作关系型数据的:
JdbcTemplate
HibernateTemplate
操作 nosql 数据库的: RedisTemplate
操作消息队列的: JmsTemplate
我们今天的主角在 spring-jdbc-5.0.2.RELEASE.jar 中,我们在导包的时候,除了要导入这个 jar 包 外,还需要导入一个 spring-tx-5.0.2.RELEASE.jar(它是和事务相关的)。
环境搭建
bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 配置账户的持久层-->
<bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
<!--<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置JdbcTemplate <!-- 引入外部属性文件: -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>-->
<!-- 配置数据源-->
我们之前已经接触过了两个数据源,C3P0 和 DBCP。要想使用这两数据源都需要导入对应的 jar 包。
spring 框架也提供了一个内置数据源,我们也可以使用 spring 的内置数据源,它就在 spring-jdbc-5.0.2.REEASE.jar 包中
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
JdbcTemplate的最基本用法
使用xml配置
package com.itheima.dao.impl;
import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 账户的持久层实现类
*/
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IAccountDao {
@Override
public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0);
}
@Override
public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
List<Account> accounts = super.getJdbcTemplate().query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
if(accounts.isEmpty()){
return null;
}
if(accounts.size()>1){
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
}
return accounts.get(0);
}
@Override
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
super.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
}
}
使用注解配置
package com.itheima.dao.impl;
import com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 账户的持久层实现类
*/
@Repository
public class AccountDaoImpl2 implements IAccountDao {
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Override
public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountId);
return accounts.isEmpty()?null:accounts.get(0);
}
@Override
public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
List<Account> accounts = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account where name = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
if(accounts.isEmpty()){
return null;
}
if(accounts.size()>1){
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一");
}
return accounts.get(0);
}
@Override
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
}
}
JdbcTemplate的CRUD用法
package com.itheima.jdbctemplate;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* JdbcTemplate的CRUD操作
*/
public class JdbcTemplateDemo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.获取容器
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
//2.获取对象
JdbcTemplate jt = ac.getBean("jdbcTemplate",JdbcTemplate.class);
//3.执行操作
保存
jt.update("insert into account(name,money)values(?,?)","eee",3333f);
更新
jt.update("update account set name=?,money=? where id=?","test",4567,7);
删除
jt.update("delete from account where id=?",8);
查询所有
List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account where money > ?",new AccountRowMapper(),1000f);
List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account where money > ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),1000f);
for(Account account : accounts){
System.out.println(account);
}
查询一个
List<Account> accounts = jt.query("select * from account where id = ?",new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class),1);
System.out.println(accounts.isEmpty()?"没有内容":accounts.get(0));
查询返回一行一列(使用聚合函数,但不加group by子句)
Long count = jt.queryForObject("select count(*) from account where money > ?",Long.class,1000f);
System.out.println(count);
}
}
/**
* 定义Account的封装策略
*/
class AccountRowMapper implements RowMapper<Account>{
/**
* 把结果集中的数据封装到Account中,然后由spring把每个Account加到集合中
* @param rs
* @param rowNum
* @return
* @throws SQLException
*/
@Override
public Account mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
Account account = new Account();
account.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
account.setName(rs.getString("name"));
account.setMoney(rs.getFloat("money"));
return account;
}
}