jsp:java sever pages
配置环境【导包】
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
语法
java语句:
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<%
//在控制台输出jsp
System.out.println("jsp");
%>
</body>
</html>
java变量/参数:
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<%=
//在页面输出jsp
"jsp"
%>
</body>
</html>
Java方法:
<%!
String show(){
String name="张三";
return name;
}
String name="李四";
%>
jsp的原理
graph TD
浏览器--请求-->xx.jsp
xx.jsp--转换-->xx_jsp.java
xx_jsp.java--编译-->xx_jsp字节码文件
xx_jsp字节码文件--响应-->浏览器
jsp本质上是一个servlet,生成的java文件默认继承httpjspbase,而这个类继承httpservlet
jsp的编码问题
小案例:将数据库的数据显示到页面
<%@ page import="com.liku.utils.SqlSessionFac" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory" %>
<%@ page import="org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession" %>
<%@ page import="com.exercise.pojo.UserInfo" %>
<%@ page import="com.exercise.mapper.UserMapper" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.List" %>
<html>
<body>
<%
SqlSessionFactory ssf = SqlSessionFac.getSSF();
SqlSession sqlSession = ssf.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<UserInfo> userInfos = mapper.selectAll();
response.setContentType("text-html;charset='utf-8'");
%>
<table align="center">
<tr>
<th>编号</th>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>密码</th>
</tr>
<%
for (UserInfo userInfo : userInfos) {
%>
<tr>
<td><%=userInfo.getId()%>
</td>
<td><%=userInfo.getUserName()%>
</td>
<%
if(userInfo.getUserPwd()==null)userInfo.setUserPwd("无");
%>
<td><%=userInfo.getUserPwd()%>
</td>
</tr>
<%
}
%>
</table>
</body>
</html>
上面会输出乱码:
因为页面的编码格式跟Java的编码格式不一定一样,我这里Java的默认编码格式为GBK,页面默认编码格式为:ISO-8859-1,当我想把他们都变成UTF-8的时候,需要修改两个地方:
添加之后,输出就正常了
EL表达式
expression language表达式语言,用于简化JSP页面内的Java代码,用于获取数据。
语法:${expression}
${brands} 获取域中存储的key为brands的数据
案例在页面上输出用户信息
jsp代码:
<%--让页面识别el表达式--%>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<%--页面的编码格式和Java的编码格式,用于解决乱码--%>
<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">
</head>
<body>
${user}
</body>
</html>
servlet代码:
@WebServlet("/rqd1")
public class RequestDemo extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
InputStream inputStream=Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
SqlSessionFactory build = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
UserMapper mapper = build.openSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<UserInfo> userInfos = mapper.selectAll();
req.setAttribute("user",userInfos);
//请求转发到jsp页面
req.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(req,resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
JSTL标签
JSP标准标签库(JSP Standarded Tag Library),使用标签取代JSP页面上的Java代码
导入依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
jsp页面上引入JSP标签库:
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" %>
常用语法:
<c:if test="true">
xx
</c:if>
<table border="1px" cellspacing="0px">
<%--users:从servlet得到的转发数据,user:遍历临时对象--%>
<c:forEach items="${users}" var="user">
<tr align="center">
<%--直接变量.属性,获取每个对象的每个属性值--%>
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.userName}</td>
<td>${user.userPwd}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">
</head>
<body>
<c:if test="true">
<h1>jstl true</h1>
</c:if>
<%--不会在页面上显示--%>
<c:if test="false">
<h1>jstl false</h1>
</c:if>
<table border="1px" cellspacing="0px">
<c:forEach items="${users}" var="user">
<tr align="center">
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.userName}</td>
<td>${user.userPwd}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
使用c:foreach实现分页工具条:
<%@page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" content="text/html">
</head>
<body>
<c:forEach begin="1" step="1" var="i" end="10">
<a href="#">${i}</a>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>