SpringCloud(一):eureka
什么是SpringCloud
Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发,如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等,都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring Cloud并没有重复制造轮子,它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验的服务框架组合起来,通过Spring Boot风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理,最终给开发者留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。。(特意说明一下,Spirngboot不是微服务框架)
服务提供者与消费关系
服务提供者:提供服务被人调用
消费者:调用被人服务
服务的注册与发现(Eureka )
在这里,我们需要用的的组件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,eureka是一个服务注册和发现模块。
- Eureka-Server:就是服务注册中心(可以是一个集群),对外暴露自己的地址。
- 提供者:启动后向Eureka注册自己信息(地址,服务名称等),并且定期进行服务续约
- 消费者:服务调用方,会定期去Eureka拉取服务列表,然后使用负载均衡算法选出一个服务进行调用。
- 心跳(续约):提供者定期通过http方式向Eureka刷新自己的状态
好了不说了,直接上码,直观明了~~~
-
我的目录结构
-
Maven依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--eureka server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring boot test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
这里的依赖需要加入Springboot的依赖包,因为SpringCloud需要Springboot来展示web层,同时Springboot也整合了SpringMVC,所以这里需要Springboot的依赖包
- 配置application.yml
server:
port: 8888
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost
client:
registerWithEureka: false
fetchRegistry: false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
- 启动EurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
效果展示:
服务提供者
- 创建项目service-number
maven依赖:
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
创建appiication.yml文件
eureka:
client:nu
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/
server:
port: 8762
spring:
application:
name: service-number
- 服务接口
@RestController
public class MemberController {
@RequestMapping("/getUserList")
public List<String> getUserList() {
List<String> listUser = new ArrayList<String>();
listUser.add("zhangsan");
listUser.add("lisi");
listUser.add("yushengjun");
listUser.add("serverPort:"+serverPort);
listUser.add(""+count);
return listUser;
}
}
- 发布服务
通过注解@EnableEurekaClient 表明自己是一个eurekaclient.
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class AppMember {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AppMember.class, args);
}
}
效果展示:记住要先启动注册中心,不然启动提供者服务会报错
在eureka注册中心里面能看到这个注册服务的名字
服务消费者
- Maven依赖 :同上
- application.yml配置:
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8888/eureka/
server:
port: 8764
spring:
application:
name: service-order
- 编写service,调用service-number
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Service
public class NumberService {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
public List<String> getOrderByUserList() {
return restTemplate.getForObject("http://service-number/getUserList", List.class);
}
}
控制层controller:
@RestController
public class OrderController {
@Autowired
private NumberService numberService;
@RequestMapping("/getOrderUserAll")
public List<String> getOrderUserAll(){
System.out.println("订单服务开始调用会员服务");
return numberService.getOrderByUserList();
}
}
启动APP:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class OrderApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderApp.class, args);
}
- 演示效果
到这里,基本上实现了消费者,提供者,注册中心的关系~~~