在MacOS使用轻量级工具Pyenv和Pipenv切换多版本Python

Setup Pyenv

# Install Pyenv
brew update && brew install pyenv

# Install Python Interpreter with specific version e.g. 3.9.15
pyenv install 3.9.15

# Navigate to project directory and choose Python Interpreter
pyenv local 3.9.15

# Setup shell environment (For zsh)
echo 'export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo '[[ -d $PYENV_ROOT/bin ]] && export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'eval "$(pyenv init -)"' >> ~/.zshrc

Setup Pipenv

# Install pipenv
pip install pipenv

# Initialize pipenv
pipenv install

pipenv will create a virtual environment if no existed one found.

By default, the Pipenv create the virtual environment in a centralized location like:

~/.local/share/virtualenvs/${PROJ_NAME}-{HASHED_PROJ_FULL_PATH} unless environment variable PIPENV_VENV_IN_PROJECT is set to 1 :

export PIPENV_VENV_IN_PROJECT=1

This command will cause Pipenv to create the virtual environment inside your project directory, typically as a .venv folder.

There are some useful command:

# show venvs for current project:
pipenv --venv

# activate venv:
pipenv shell

# deactivate venv:
exit

# show dependencies:
pipenv graph

# remove venv:
pipenv --rm