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多线程这个概念大家都很熟悉,对于winform的开发人员来说.用的还是多的.但估计都是用Timer,或者backgroundWorker.
你是否曾经想过,写一个基类,然后....一用到多线程的时候,就马上能用上呢.
没错,福利来了,这面我为大家写了多线程的一个基类.只有你用到多线程,下面的代码肯定能帮到你很多忙
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 队列多线程,T 代表处理的单个类型~ 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> 5 public abstract class QueueThreadBase<T> 6 { 7 #region 变量&属性 8 /// <summary> 9 /// 待处理结果 10 /// </summary> 11 private class PendingResult 12 { 13 /// <summary> 14 /// 待处理值 15 /// </summary> 16 public T PendingValue { get; set; } 17 /// <summary> 18 /// 是否有值 19 /// </summary> 20 public bool IsHad { get; set; } 21 } 22 /// <summary> 23 /// 线程数 24 /// </summary> 25 public int ThreadCount 26 { 27 get { return this.m_ThreadCount; } 28 set { this.m_ThreadCount = value; } 29 } 30 private int m_ThreadCount = 5; 31 /// <summary> 32 /// 取消=True 33 /// </summary> 34 public bool Cancel { get; set; } 35 /// <summary> 36 /// 线程列表 37 /// </summary> 38 List<Thread> m_ThreadList; 39 /// <summary> 40 /// 完成队列个数 41 /// </summary> 42 private volatile int m_CompletedCount = 0; 43 /// <summary> 44 /// 队列总数 45 /// </summary> 46 private int m_QueueCount = 0; 47 /// <summary> 48 /// 全部完成锁 49 /// </summary> 50 private object m_AllCompletedLock = new object(); 51 /// <summary> 52 /// 完成的线程数 53 /// </summary> 54 private int m_CompetedCount = 0; 55 /// <summary> 56 /// 队列锁 57 /// </summary> 58 private object m_PendingQueueLock = new object(); 59 private Queue<T> m_InnerQueue; 60 #endregion 61 62 63 #region 事件相关 64 /// <summary> 65 /// 全部完成事件 66 /// </summary> 67 public event Action<CompetedEventArgs> AllCompleted; 68 /// <summary> 69 /// 单个完成事件 70 /// </summary> 71 public event Action<T, CompetedEventArgs> OneCompleted; 72 /// <summary> 73 /// 引发全部完成事件 74 /// </summary> 75 /// <param name="args"></param> 76 private void OnAllCompleted(CompetedEventArgs args) 77 { 78 if (AllCompleted != null) 79 { 80 try 81 { 82 AllCompleted(args);//全部完成事件 83 } 84 catch { } 85 } 86 } 87 /// <summary> 88 /// 引发单个完成事件 89 /// </summary> 90 /// <param name="pendingValue"></param> 91 /// <param name="args"></param> 92 private void OnOneCompleted(T pendingValue, CompetedEventArgs args) 93 { 94 if (OneCompleted != null) 95 { 96 try 97 { 98 OneCompleted(pendingValue, args); 99 } 100 catch { } 101 102 } 103 } 104 #endregion 105 106 #region 构造 107 public QueueThreadBase(IEnumerable<T> collection) 108 { 109 m_InnerQueue = new Queue<T>(collection); 110 this.m_QueueCount = m_InnerQueue.Count; 111 } 112 113 #endregion 114 115 #region 主体 116 /// <summary> 117 /// 初始化线程 118 /// </summary> 119 private void InitThread() 120 { 121 m_ThreadList = new List<Thread>(); 122 for (int i = 0; i < ThreadCount; i++) 123 { 124 Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(InnerDoWork)); 125 m_ThreadList.Add(t); 126 t.IsBackground = true; 127 t.Start(); 128 } 129 } 130 /// <summary> 131 /// 开始 132 /// </summary> 133 public void Start() 134 { 135 InitThread(); 136 } 137 /// <summary> 138 /// 线程工作 139 /// </summary> 140 private void InnerDoWork() 141 { 142 try 143 { 144 Exception doWorkEx = null; 145 DoWorkResult doworkResult = DoWorkResult.ContinueThread; 146 var t = CurrentPendingQueue; 147 while (!this.Cancel && t.IsHad) 148 { 149 try 150 { 151 doworkResult = DoWork(t.PendingValue); 152 } 153 catch (Exception ex) 154 { 155 doWorkEx = ex; 156 } 157 m_CompletedCount++; 158 int precent = m_CompletedCount * 100 / m_QueueCount; 159 OnOneCompleted(t.PendingValue, new CompetedEventArgs() { CompetedPrecent = precent, InnerException = doWorkEx }); 160 if (doworkResult == DoWorkResult.AbortAllThread) 161 { 162 this.Cancel = true; 163 break; 164 } 165 else if (doworkResult == DoWorkResult.AbortCurrentThread) 166 { 167 break; 168 } 169 t = CurrentPendingQueue; 170 } 171 172 lock (m_AllCompletedLock) 173 { 174 m_CompetedCount++; 175 if (m_CompetedCount == m_ThreadList.Count) 176 { 177 OnAllCompleted(new CompetedEventArgs() { CompetedPrecent = 100 }); 178 } 179 } 180 181 } 182 catch 183 { 184 throw; 185 } 186 } 187 /// <summary> 188 /// 子类重写 189 /// </summary> 190 /// <param name="pendingValue"></param> 191 /// <returns></returns> 192 protected virtual DoWorkResult DoWork(T pendingValue) 193 { 194 return DoWorkResult.ContinueThread; 195 } 196 /// <summary> 197 /// 获取当前结果 198 /// </summary> 199 private PendingResult CurrentPendingQueue 200 { 201 get 202 { 203 lock (m_PendingQueueLock) 204 { 205 PendingResult t = new PendingResult(); 206 if (m_InnerQueue.Count != 0) 207 { 208 t.PendingValue = m_InnerQueue.Dequeue(); 209 t.IsHad = true; 210 } 211 else 212 { 213 t.PendingValue = default(T); 214 t.IsHad = false; 215 } 216 return t; 217 } 218 } 219 } 220 221 #endregion 222 223 #region 相关类&枚举 224 /// <summary> 225 /// dowork结果枚举 226 /// </summary> 227 public enum DoWorkResult 228 { 229 /// <summary> 230 /// 继续运行，默认 231 /// </summary> 232 ContinueThread = 0, 233 /// <summary> 234 /// 终止当前线程 235 /// </summary> 236 AbortCurrentThread = 1, 237 /// <summary> 238 /// 终止全部线程 239 /// </summary> 240 AbortAllThread = 2 241 } 242 /// <summary> 243 /// 完成事件数据 244 /// </summary> 245 public class CompetedEventArgs : EventArgs 246 { 247 public CompetedEventArgs() 248 { 249 250 } 251 /// <summary> 252 /// 完成百分率 253 /// </summary> 254 public int CompetedPrecent { get; set; } 255 /// <summary> 256 /// 异常信息 257 /// </summary> 258 public Exception InnerException { get; set; } 259 } 260 #endregion 261 262 }
1.从构造函数来看,处理的是一个确定的列表.没错.这个多线程只能处理已经确定的列表,你是否会问.可不可以一边添加,一边处理呢?(呵呵,可以,请联系楼主,当然你也可以自己写,是吧?!)
public QueueThreadBase(IEnumerable<T> collection)
2.提供撤销的功能
/// <summary> /// 取消=True /// </summary> public bool Cancel { get; set; }
3.提供线程个数修改功能
/// <summary> /// 线程数 /// </summary> public int ThreadCount { get { return this.m_ThreadCount; } set { this.m_ThreadCount = value; } }
4.提供多种事件响应,如单个完成,全部完成的事件
/// <summary> /// 全部完成事件 /// </summary> public event Action<CompetedEventArgs> AllCompleted; /// <summary> /// 单个完成事件 /// </summary> public event Action<T, CompetedEventArgs> OneCompleted;
5.提供完成的百分率
/// <summary> /// 完成事件数据 /// </summary> public class CompetedEventArgs : EventArgs { public CompetedEventArgs() { } /// <summary> /// 完成百分率 /// </summary> public int CompetedPrecent { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 异常信息 /// </summary> public Exception InnerException { get; set; } }
6.提供终止线程的方式,继续/单线程终止/全部终止
/// <summary> /// dowork结果枚举 /// </summary> public enum DoWorkResult { /// <summary> /// 继续运行，默认 /// </summary> ContinueThread = 0, /// <summary> /// 终止当前线程 /// </summary> AbortCurrentThread = 1, /// <summary> /// 终止全部线程 /// </summary> AbortAllThread = 2 }
你是否会问?怎么用呢?别急....请看
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 下载线程对了. 3 /// </summary> 4 public class DownLoadQueueThread:QueueThreadBase<int> 5 { 6 /// <summary> 7 /// 8 /// </summary> 9 /// <param name="list">下载的列表ID</param> 10 public DownLoadQueueThread(IEnumerable<int> list):base(list) 11 { 12 13 } 14 /// <summary> 15 /// 每次多线程都到这里来,处理多线程 16 /// </summary> 17 /// <param name="pendingValue"列表ID></param> 18 /// <returns></returns> 19 protected override DoWorkResult DoWork(int pendingID) 20 { 21 try 22 { 23 24 //..........多线程处理.... 25 return DoWorkResult.ContinueThread;//没有异常让线程继续跑.. 26 27 } 28 catch (Exception) 29 { 30 31 return DoWorkResult.AbortCurrentThread;//有异常,可以终止当前线程.当然.也可以继续, 32 //return DoWorkResult.AbortAllThread; //特殊情况下 ,有异常终止所有的线程... 33 } 34 35 //return base.DoWork(pendingValue); 36 } 37 }
总结:
多线程在什么时候都会用到.不用到是你不会用.多线程要一定的编程基础,如果你觉得有点难度,那你可以学习并且借鉴人家已有的东西.少走弯路,是我们程序员经历嗷嗷待哺后的心声.本文以交流态度和感恩心态,贡献给有需要的人们.
