C# 调用WebService的3种方式 :直接调用、根据wsdl生成webservice的.cs文件及生成dll调用、动态调用
关于soapheader调用，可以参考
C#调用Java的WebService添加SOAPHeader验证
1.问题描述
调用的Java的webservice
string Invoke(string func, string reqXml)
使用C#直接调用一直报错。
webservice提供方有说明如下：
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身份验证采用对SOAP身份认证(用户名/密码验证/序列号)的方式部署，设定用户名和密码由系统配置，所有文本内容编码选择UTF-8编码规范<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?><soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><vc:Authentication xmlns: vc ="http://ant.com"><vc:Username>[系统配置] </vc:Username><vc:Password>[系统配置]</vc:Password><vc:SerialNo>[系统配置]</vc:SerialNo ></vc:Authentication></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope> |
相信就是soapenv:Header这里的问题了，C# 没soapenv:Header这些东西的
网上查了好多类似下面的
https://www.cnblogs.com/o2ds/p/4093413.html
C#访问Java的WebService添加SOAPHeader验证的问题
都没有用
后来尝试sopui及xmlspy创建soap，直接发送xml，终于试出来了，然后C#使用http post调用webservice，成功了。
2.问题解决1
C#拼接的需要http post的soap字符串如下
</SOAP-ENV:Header> 照搬给的文档里的字符串
<SOAP-ENV:Body> 为调用函数，string Invoke(string func, string reqXml) 函数名Invoke，两个参数，自行理解吧
注意：里面的\r\n换行标志都要保留，不然都是报错
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string soap = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n" + "<SOAP-ENV:Envelope\r\n" + "xmlns:SOAP-ENV=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"\r\n" + "xmlns:SOAP-ENC=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\"\r\n" + "xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\r\n" + "xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\">\r\n" + "<SOAP-ENV:Header>\r\n" + "<vc:Authentication\r\n" + "xmlns:vc=\"http://ant.com\">\r\n" + "<vc:Username>xx</vc:Username>\r\n" + "<vc:Password>xxx</vc:Password>\r\n" + "<vc:SerialNo>xxxx</vc:SerialNo>\r\n" + "</vc:Authentication>\r\n" + "</SOAP-ENV:Header>\r\n" + "<SOAP-ENV:Body>\r\n" + "<m:Invoke\r\n" + "xmlns:m=\"http://tempuri.org/\">\r\n" + "<m:func>" + jkid + "</m:func>\r\n" + "<m:reqXml>" + HttpUtility.HtmlEncode(xml) + "</m:reqXml>\r\n" + "</m:Invoke>\r\n" + "</SOAP-ENV:Body>\r\n" + "</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>"; |
然后发送，随便找个http post的代码就行了
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public static string GetSOAPReSource(string url, string datastr) { try { //request Uri uri = new Uri(url); WebRequest webRequest = WebRequest.Create(uri); webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8"; webRequest.Method = "POST"; using (Stream requestStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream()) { byte[] paramBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(datastr.ToString()); requestStream.Write(paramBytes, 0, paramBytes.Length); } //response WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.GetResponse(); using (StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8)) { string result = ""; return result = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } |
3.问题解决2
发现还是报错，http 500错误，和之前不一样，但依然不对
研究webservice的wsdl发现了问题
调用时加上
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<strong>webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/Invoke");<br><br></strong>终于成功了 |
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public static string GetSOAPReSource(string url, string datastr) { try { //request Uri uri = new Uri(url); WebRequest webRequest = WebRequest.Create(uri); webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8"; webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/Invoke"); webRequest.Method = "POST"; using (Stream requestStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream()) { byte[] paramBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(datastr.ToString()); requestStream.Write(paramBytes, 0, paramBytes.Length); } //response WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.GetResponse(); using (StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8)) { string result = ""; return result = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd(); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } |
其他调用webservice的方式：
上一篇链接如上，更像是 Net下采用GET/POST/SOAP方式动态调用WebService的简易灵活方法(C#) 来处理xml，解决复杂的认证
又遇到一家
身份验证采用对SOAP身份认证(用户名/密码验证/序列号)的方式部署，设定用户名和密码由系统配置，所有文本内容编码选择UTF-8编码规范 <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <soapenv:Header> <vc:Authentication xmlns: vc ="http://ant.com"> <vc:Username>[系统配置] </vc:Username> <vc:Password>[系统配置]</vc:Password> <vc:SerialNo>[系统配置]</vc:SerialNo > </vc:Authentication> </soapenv:Header> <soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>
wsdl的xml如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><wsdl:definitions name="AjsjService" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:wsx="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex" xmlns:wsap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/policy" xmlns:wsaw="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl" xmlns:msc="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/12/wsdl/contract" xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:wsa10="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata"><wsdl:types><xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/Imports"><xsd:import schemaLocation="vehcheck0.xml" namespace="http://tempuri.org/"/><xsd:import schemaLocation="vehcheck1.xml" namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"/></xsd:schema></wsdl:types><wsdl:message name="IAjsjService_Invoke_InputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:Invoke"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IAjsjService_Invoke_OutputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:InvokeResponse"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IAjsjService_TrffpnCall_InputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:TrffpnCall"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IAjsjService_TrffpnCall_OutputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:TrffpnCallResponse"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:portType name="IAjsjService"><wsdl:operation name="Invoke"><wsdl:input wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/Invoke" message="tns:IAjsjService_Invoke_InputMessage"/><wsdl:output wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/InvokeResponse" message="tns:IAjsjService_Invoke_OutputMessage"/></wsdl:operation><wsdl:operation name="TrffpnCall"><wsdl:input wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/TrffpnCall" message="tns:IAjsjService_TrffpnCall_InputMessage"/><wsdl:output wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/TrffpnCallResponse" message="tns:IAjsjService_TrffpnCall_OutputMessage"/></wsdl:operation></wsdl:portType><wsdl:binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IAjsjService" type="tns:IAjsjService"><soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/><wsdl:operation name="Invoke"><soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/Invoke" style="document"/><wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input><wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output></wsdl:operation><wsdl:operation name="TrffpnCall"><soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/TrffpnCall" style="document"/><wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input><wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output></wsdl:operation></wsdl:binding><wsdl:service name="AjsjService"><wsdl:port name="BasicHttpBinding_IAjsjService" binding="tns:BasicHttpBinding_IAjsjService"><soap:address location="http://ip:8000/v"/></wsdl:port></wsdl:service></wsdl:definitions>
使用添加服务引用加到项目里
不要用高级那里的添加web引用添加，不然后面没法做
生成的Reference.cs如下
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
// 此代码由工具生成。
// 运行时版本:4.0.30319.1026
//
// 对此文件的更改可能会导致不正确的行为，并且如果
// 重新生成代码，这些更改将会丢失。
// </auto-generated>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace v {
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "4.0.0.0")]
[System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(ConfigurationName="V.IAjsjService")]
public interface IAjsjService {
[System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute(Action="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/Invoke", ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/IAjsjService/InvokeResponse")]
string Invoke(string func, string reqXml);
}
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "4.0.0.0")]
public interface IAjsjServiceChannel : v.IAjsjService, System.ServiceModel.IClientChannel {
}
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.ServiceModel", "4.0.0.0")]
public partial class AjsjServiceClient : System.ServiceModel.ClientBase<v.IAjsjService>, v.IAjsjService {
public AjsjServiceClient() {
}
public AjsjServiceClient(string endpointConfigurationName) :
base(endpointConfigurationName) {
}
public AjsjServiceClient(string endpointConfigurationName, string remoteAddress) :
base(endpointConfigurationName, remoteAddress) {
}
public AjsjServiceClient(string endpointConfigurationName, System.ServiceModel.EndpointAddress remoteAddress) :
base(endpointConfigurationName, remoteAddress) {
}
public AjsjServiceClient(System.ServiceModel.Channels.Binding binding, System.ServiceModel.EndpointAddress remoteAddress) :
base(binding, remoteAddress) {
}
public string Invoke(string func, string reqXml) {
return base.Channel.Invoke(func, reqXml);
}
}
}
调用方法：
定义soapheader
public class MySoapHeader
{
string username;//用户名
string password;//密码
string serialNo;//序列号
public MySoapHeader()
{ }
public MySoapHeader(string u, string p, string s)
{
Username = u;
Password = p;
SerialNo = s;
}
public string Username
{
get { return username; }
set { username = value; }
}
public string Password
{
get { return password; }
set { password = value; }
}
public string SerialNo
{
get { return serialNo; }
set { serialNo = value; }
}
}
调用
MySoapHeader myHeader = new MySoapHeader(m_user, m_pw, m_serial);
ServiceReference.AjsjServiceClient client = new ServiceReference.AjsjServiceClient("BasicHttpBinding_IAjsjService", m_serverUrl);
using (OperationContextScope scope = new OperationContextScope(client.InnerChannel))
{
MessageHeader header = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("Authentication", "http://ant.com", myHeader);
OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(header);
client.Invoke(func, strXml);
1.直接调用
已知webservice路径，则可以直接 添加服务引用--高级--添加web引用 直接输入webservice URL。这个比较常见也很简单
即有完整的webservice文件目录如下图所示，
也可以在本地IIS根据webservice文件目录新发布一个webservice，然后程序动态调用，修改Url
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public new string Url { set; get; } |
2.根据wsdl文件生成webservice 的.cs文件 及 生成dll C#调用
有时没有这么多文件，只有wsdl文件
wsdl文件可以有别人提供或者根据webservice地址获取：
http://localhost:8888/WS.asmx?wsdl
Visual Studio 2013－>Visual Studio Tools－>VS2013 开发人员命令提示
命令行输入
wsdl E:\WS.wsdl /out:WS.cs
E:\WS.wsdl 是wsdl文件存储路径，也可以是http://localhost:8888/WS.asmx?wsdl
不报错的话，看路径下 Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\WS.cs已经自动生成
.cs文件看函数声明，结构体等都非常方便
然后命令行执行
csc /t:library WS.cs
同样的路径下，生成了WS.dll，拷贝出去放到项目文件夹下，C# winform程序也可以添加引用了。
生成的文件默认在这里：
默认生成的SOAP版本为1.1，可以
G:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0>wsdl E:\e.wsdl /protocol:SOAP12 /out:e.cs
来指定1.2
3.C# 动态调用WebService
在C#程序中，若要调用WebService,一般是采用"添加Web引用"的方式来实现的。但如果此WebService的URL是在程序运行过程中才能获得的，那怎么办呢？那就必须是"动态"调用这个WebService了。
举个使用它的例子：
object[] args = new object[1];
args.SetValue("cyy_JS", 0);
DataTable dt = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService("http://192.168.0.10/DBMS_CYY/DBMS_Service.asmx", "GetUserTreeListData", args) as DataTable;
恩~有点麻烦，这意味着每次我都要把想调用的函数的参数组织成一个object[]才行，且每次调用InvokeWebService都是在内存中创建动态程序集，效率极低。则次种方法绝对没有直接用“实例名.方法名(参数列表)”来的舒服。
我把它放到一个叫WebServiceHelper.cs的类里面了。
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using System.IO;using System.Web.Services.Description;using Microsoft.CSharp;using System.CodeDom.Compiler;using System.CodeDom; /// <summary> /// 动态调用WebService /// </summary> /// <param name="url">WebService地址</param> /// <param name="classname">类名</param> /// <param name="methodname">方法名(模块名)</param> /// <param name="args">参数列表</param> /// <returns>object</returns> public static object InvokeWebService(string url, string classname, string methodname, object[] args) { string @namespace = "ServiceBase.WebService.DynamicWebLoad"; if (classname == null || classname == "") { classname = WebServiceHelper.GetClassName(url); } //获取服务描述语言(WSDL) WebClient wc = new WebClient(); Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL"); ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", ""); CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace); //生成客户端代理类代码 CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit(); ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn); sdi.Import(cn, ccu); CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider(); ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler(); //设定编译器的参数 CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters(); cplist.GenerateExecutable = false; cplist.GenerateInMemory = true; cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll"); //编译代理类 CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors) { System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (CompilerError ce in cr.Errors) { sb.Append(ce.ToString()); sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine); } throw new Exception(sb.ToString()); } //生成代理实例,并调用方法 System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly; Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true); object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t); System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname); return mi.Invoke(obj, args); } private static string GetClassName(string url) { string[] parts = url.Split('/'); string[] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1].Split('.'); return pps[0]; } |
参考 http://blog.csdn.net/chuxiamuxiang/article/details/5731988
