Synchronized 和 Lock
1、原始构成
Synchronized 是关键字属于JVM层面 (代码中以蓝色字体呈现) monitorenter 、monitorexit Lock 是具体类(java.util.concurrent.locks.lock)是api层面的锁2、使用方法
Synchronized 不需要用户手动释放锁,当synchronized代码执行完后系统会自动让线程释放对锁的占用 ReentrantLock 需要用户手动释放锁 如果没有释放,就会导致死锁 需要lock() 和 unlock()方法配合try/finally语句块来完成 (Lock需要在while中使用,不能在if里面使用)3、等待是否可中断
Synchronized 不可中断,除非抛出异常 或 正常运行完成 ReentrantLock 可中断 1>设置超时方法 tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) 2>lockInterruptibly() 放代码块中,调用 interrup() 方法可中断4、加锁是否公平
Synchronized 非公平锁 ReentrantLock 两者都可以,默认非公平锁 (可重入锁) 构造方法可以传入 boolean值,true公平锁 false非公平锁5、锁绑定多个条件Condition
Synchronized 没有 ReentrantLock 用来实现分组唤醒需要唤醒的线程们,可以精确唤醒 而synchronized要么随机唤醒一个,要么全部唤醒题目:多线程之间顺序调用,实现A->b->C三个线程启动,要求如下:
AA打印5次,BB打印10次,CC打印15次 重复10次
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
/**
* @Author: LeavesCai7
* @Date: 2021/01/22 11:29
* 题目:多线程之间顺序调用,实现A->b->C三个线程启动,要求如下:
* AA打印5次,BB打印10次,CC打印15次 重复10次
* ReentrantLock
*/
class shareResource{
private int num = 1; //A:1 B:2 C:3
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private Condition c1 = lock.newCondition();
private Condition c2 = lock.newCondition();
private Condition c3 = lock.newCondition();
public void print5(){
lock.lock();
try{
//判断
while (num != 1){
c1.await();
}
//干活
for (int i =1;i<=5;i++){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + i);
}
//通知
num = 2;
c2.signal();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void print10(){
lock.lock();
try{
//判断
while (num != 2){
c1.await();
}
//干活
for (int i =1;i<=10;i++){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + i);
}
//通知
num = 3;
c3.signal();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void print15() {
lock.lock();
try {
//判断
while (num != 3) {
c1.await();
}
//干活
for (int i = 1; i <= 15; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "\t" + i);
}
//通知
num = 1;
c3.signal();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
public class SyncAndReentrantLockDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
shareResource shareResource = new shareResource();
new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
shareResource.print5();
}
},"A").start();
new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
shareResource.print10();
}
},"B").start();
new Thread(() -> {
for (int i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
shareResource.print15();
}
},"C").start();
}
}