django实现支付宝支付
1.沙箱环境
蚂蚁沙箱环境(Beta)是协助开发者进行接口功能开发及主要功能联调的辅助环境。沙箱环境模拟了开放平台部分产品的主要功能和主要逻辑。
在开发者应用上线审核前，开发者可以根据自身需求，先在沙箱环境中了解、组合和调试各种开放接口，进行开发调通工作，从而帮助开发者在应用上线审核完成后，能更快速、更顺利的进行线上调试和验收工作。
详细介绍---->点我点我
1.1配制沙箱环境
登录支付宝平台，点击自研开发者，点击导航的开发者中心-->研发服务，填写相关信息，完成实名认证
点击“开放平台-开发者中心-沙箱环境”。进入沙箱环境页面，系统已经自动为你创建一个应用，在基础信息中可以看到应用信息
点击查看应用公钥，设置应用公钥，点击查看秘钥生成方法
下载windows版RSA秘钥
下载该工具后，解压打开文件夹，运行“RSA签名验签工具.bat”（WINDOWS）------>采用默认的格式
使用2048位，.点击 “生成密钥”，点击“打开密钥文件路径”，即可找到生成的公私钥
生成的私钥需妥善保管，避免遗失，不要泄露。应用私钥需填写到代码中供签名时使用。应用公钥需提供给支付宝账号管理者上传到支付宝开放平台。
打开应用公钥2048.txt，将里面的内容复制一下进入到输入应用公钥的页面，输入公钥，点击保存。
2.SDK获取（software development kit）
中文名称软件开发工具，第三方服务商提供的实现软件铲平某项功能的工具包，一般以kpi和文档，范例的形式出现
这里注意的是，支付宝使用了rsa加密算法，这是支付宝独有的加密方式，我们使用了它的SDK之后，不要关心是如何加密的，只需要按照它的逻辑部署即可
获取连接------->点击此处
这里使用的是SDK封装好的一个python文件，需要安装pycryptodome,依赖该加密模块。文件是从GitHub上获取到的，为第三方提供
目前支付宝官方还不提供SDK，如上
pip3 install pycryptodome
pay.py代码 ---->后期需要部署到django中(github中获取的SDK)
from datetime import datetime from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5 from Crypto.Hash import SHA256 from urllib.parse import quote_plus from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes import json class AliPay(object): """ 支付宝支付接口(PC端支付接口) """ def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path, alipay_public_key_path, return_url, debug=False): self.appid = appid self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path self.app_private_key = None self.return_url = return_url with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp: self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read()) self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp: self.alipay_public_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read()) if debug is True: self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do" else: self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do" def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs): biz_content = { "subject": subject, "out_trade_no": out_trade_no, "total_amount": total_amount, "product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY", # "qr_pay_mode":4 } biz_content.update(kwargs) data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url) return self.sign_data(data) def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None): data = { "app_id": self.appid, "method": method, "charset": "utf-8", "sign_type": "RSA2", "timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), "version": "1.0", "biz_content": biz_content } if return_url is not None: data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url data["return_url"] = self.return_url return data def sign_data(self, data): data.pop("sign", None) # 排序后的字符串 unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data) unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items) sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8")) # ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data) quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(v)) for k, v in unsigned_items) # 获得最终的订单信息字符串 signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign) return signed_string def ordered_data(self, data): complex_keys = [] for key, value in data.items(): if isinstance(value, dict): complex_keys.append(key) # 将字典类型的数据dump出来 for key in complex_keys: data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':')) return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()]) def sign(self, unsigned_string): # 开始计算签名 key = self.app_private_key signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key) signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string)) # base64 编码，转换为unicode表示并移除回车 sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("\n", "") return sign def _verify(self, raw_content, signature): # 开始计算签名 key = self.alipay_public_key signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key) digest = SHA256.new() digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8")) if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))): return True return False def verify(self, data, signature): if "sign_type" in data: sign_type = data.pop("sign_type") # 排序后的字符串 unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data) message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items) return self._verify(message, signature)
3.项目部署
启动我们的django程序，创建相关的文件夹用于存放相关文件
## 需要说明的是，为了显示友好，我们需要把公钥和私钥名称进行修改，我这里改成了alipay_public_2048.txt和app_private_2048.txt
## 还有，对于公钥文件和私钥文件需要增加头部和尾部
公钥文件：
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
KEY...
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
私钥文件：
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
KEY...
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
django：
models.py --->自行启动添加数据
from django.db import models class Goods(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=32) price = models.FloatField() class Order(models.Model): no = models.CharField(max_length=64) goods = models.ForeignKey(to='Goods',on_delete=models.CASCADE) status_choices = ( (1,'未支付'), (2,'已支付'), ) status = models.IntegerField(choices=status_choices,default=1)
urls.py
from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path,re_path from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('index/',views.index), re_path('buy/(?P<ids>\d+)',views.buy), path('check_order',views.check_order), path('show/',views.show), path('order_list',views.order_list), ]
utils/pay.py --->我们的SDK
from datetime import datetime from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5 from Crypto.Hash import SHA256 from urllib.parse import quote_plus from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes import json class AliPay(object): """ 支付宝支付接口(PC端支付接口) """ def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path, alipay_public_key_path, return_url, debug=False): self.appid = appid self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path self.app_private_key = None self.return_url = return_url with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp: self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read()) self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp: self.alipay_public_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read()) if debug is True: self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do" else: self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do" def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs): biz_content = { "subject": subject, "out_trade_no": out_trade_no, "total_amount": total_amount, "product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY", # "qr_pay_mode":4 } biz_content.update(kwargs) data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url) return self.sign_data(data) def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None): data = { "app_id": self.appid, "method": method, "charset": "utf-8", "sign_type": "RSA2", "timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), "version": "1.0", "biz_content": biz_content } if return_url is not None: data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url data["return_url"] = self.return_url return data def sign_data(self, data): data.pop("sign", None) # 排序后的字符串 unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data) unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items) sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8")) # ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data) quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(v)) for k, v in unsigned_items) # 获得最终的订单信息字符串 signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign) return signed_string def ordered_data(self, data): complex_keys = [] for key, value in data.items(): if isinstance(value, dict): complex_keys.append(key) # 将字典类型的数据dump出来 for key in complex_keys: data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':')) return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()]) def sign(self, unsigned_string): # 开始计算签名 key = self.app_private_key signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key) signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string)) # base64 编码，转换为unicode表示并移除回车 sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("\n", "") return sign def _verify(self, raw_content, signature): # 开始计算签名 key = self.alipay_public_key signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key) digest = SHA256.new() digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8")) if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))): return True return False def verify(self, data, signature): if "sign_type" in data: sign_type = data.pop("sign_type") # 排序后的字符串 unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data) message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items) return self._verify(message, signature)
views.py --->注意实例化的时候，给我们的SDK发送的信息
import uuid from app01 import models from utils import pay from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect def index(request): """ 商品页面 """ good_list = models.Goods.objects.all() return render(request,"index.html",{"goods_list":good_list}) def buy(request,ids): """ 购买，支付 """ # 获取用户购买的物品对象 obj = models.Goods.objects.get(id=ids) # 对生成订单加密，并添加进入数据库 no = str(uuid.uuid4()) models.Order.objects.create(no=no,goods_id=obj.id) # 全局变量 alipay = pay.AliPay( appid="2016091700529011", # 注意,改成自己的,在支付宝沙箱环境中 app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/check_order/", # POST,发送支付状态信息 return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/show/", # GET,将用户浏览器地址重定向回原网站 app_private_key_path="key/app_private_2048.txt", alipay_public_key_path="key/alipay_public_2048.txt", debug=True, # 默认True测试环境、False正式环境 ) query_params = alipay.direct_pay( subject=obj.name, out_trade_no=no, # 商品订单号 total_amount=obj.price, # 交易金额(保留两位小数) ) # 支付宝提供的url网关 pay_url = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?{0}".format(query_params) return redirect(pay_url) def check_order(request): """ POST请求，支付宝通知支付信息，我们修改订单状态 """ if request.method == 'POST': # 全局变量 alipay = pay.AliPay( appid="2016091700529011", # 注意,改成自己的,在支付宝沙箱环境中 app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/check_order/", # POST,发送支付状态信息 return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/show/", # GET,将用户浏览器地址重定向回原网站 app_private_key_path="key/app_private_2048.txt", alipay_public_key_path="key/alipay_public_2048.txt", debug=True, # 默认True测试环境、False正式环境 ) from urllib.parse import parse_qs body_str = request.body.decode('utf-8') post_data = parse_qs(body_str) post_dict = {} for k,v in post_data.items(): post_dict[k] = v[0] sign = post_dict.pop('sign',None) status = alipay.verify(post_dict,sign) if status: # 支付成功 out_trade_no = post_dict['out_trade_no'] models.Order.objects.filter(no=out_trade_no).update(status=2) return HttpResponse("支付成功，(ノ｀Д)ノ") else: return HttpResponse("支付失败，") def show(request): """ 回到我们的页面 """ if request.method == "GET": alipay = pay.AliPay( appid="2016091700529011", # 注意,改成自己的,在支付宝沙箱环境中 app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/check_order/", # POST,发送支付状态信息 return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/show/", # GET,将用户浏览器地址重定向回原网站 app_private_key_path="key/app_private_2048.txt", alipay_public_key_path="key/alipay_public_2048.txt", debug=True, # 默认True测试环境、False正式环境 ) params = request.GET.dict() print(params) sign = params.pop('sign', None) status = alipay.verify(params, sign) if status: return HttpResponse('支付成功') else: return HttpResponse('失败') else: return HttpResponse('只支持GET请求') def order_list(request): """ 查看订单状态 """ order = models.Order.objects.all() return render(request,'order_list.html',{'orders':order})
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <ul> {% for row in goods_list %} <li>{{ row.name }}，价格：{{ row.price }} <a href="/buy/{{ row.id }}/">购买</a></li> {% endfor %} </ul> </body> </html>
order_list.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <table border="1"> {% for item in orders %} <tr> <td>{{ item.id }}</td> <td>{{ item.no }}</td> <td>{{ item.goods.name }}</td> <td>{{ item.get_status_display }}</td> </tr> {% endfor %} </table> </body> </html>
4.测试支付（注意该接口目前只支持安卓用户支付）
运行起来之后接入index页面，点击支付，会自动跳转到支付页面
