用广度优先搜索解迷宫问题
定义一个二维数组:
int maze[5][5] = { 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, };
它表示一个迷宫,其中的1表示墙壁,0表示可以走的路,只能横着走或竖着走,不能斜着走,要求编程序找出从左上角到右下角的路线。程序如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 | //By LYLtim #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> const char Di[4] = {0,1,0,-1}, Dj[4] = {1,0,-1,0}; char maze[5][5] = { 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0}, head = 0, tail = 1; struct { char i, j;} que[23]; void print_maze( void ) { char i, j; for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) { for (j = 0; j < 5; j++) printf ( "%hd " , maze[i][j]); putchar ( '\n' ); } printf ( "*********\n" ); } int main( void ) { while (head != tail) { head = (head + 1) % 23; char i; for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) { char Ni = que[head].i + Di[i], Nj = que[head].j + Dj[i]; if (Ni >= 0 && Ni < 5 && Nj >= 0 && Nj < 5 && maze[Ni][Nj] == 0) { que[tail = (tail + 1) % 23].i = Ni; que[tail].j = Nj; maze[Ni][Nj] = 2; if (Ni == 4 && Nj == 4) { printf ( "Have path.\n" ); exit (0); } } } print_maze(); } printf ( "No path.\n" ); return 0; } |
运行结果如下:
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 2 0 0 0
2 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 2 2 0 0
2 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 0 1 0
2 2 2 0 0
2 1 1 1 0
2 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 0
2 1 1 1 0
2 0 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 0
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 0 1 0
*********
2 1 0 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 0 1 0
*********
2 1 2 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 0 1 0
*********
2 1 2 0 0
2 1 2 1 0
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 0
2 2 2 1 0
*********
2 1 2 0 0
2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 1 0
*********
2 1 2 2 0
2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 1 0
*********
2 1 2 2 0
2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 1 0
*********
Have path.
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