猫眼电影和电影天堂数据csv和mysql存储

 字符串常用方法

# 去掉左右空格
'hello world'.strip()       # 'hello world'
# 按指定字符切割
'hello world'.split(' ')    # ['hello','world']
# 替换指定字符串
'hello world'.replace(' ','#')  # 'hello#world'

csv模块

作用:将爬取的数据存放到本地的csv文件中

使用流程

  1. 导入模块
  2. 打开csv文件
  3. 初始化写入对象
  4. 写入数据(参数为列表)
import csv

with open('test.csv','w') as f:
    
    writer = csv.writer(f)  # 初始化写入对象
    # 写一行
    writer.writerow(['超哥哥',20])
    writer.writerow(['步惊云',22])

with open('test.csv','a') as f:
    writer = csv.writer(f)
    # 写多行
    data_list = [('聂风',23),('秦霜',30)]
    writer.writerows(data_list)

Windows中使用csv模块默认会在每行后面添加一个空行,使用newline=''可解决

with open('xxx.csv','w',newline='') as f:

猫眼电影top100抓取案例

确定URL网址

猫眼电影 - 榜单 - top100榜 目标

电影名称、主演、上映时间 操作步骤

1、查看是否为动态加载

  右键 - 查看网页源代码 - 搜索爬取关键字(查看在源代码中是否存在)

2、找URL规律

第1页:https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=0
第2页:https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset=10
第n页:offset=(n-1)*10

3、正则表达式

<div class="movie-item-info">.*?title="(.*?)".*?class="star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>

4、编写程序框架,完善程序

  1. 打印程序执行时间
  2. 随机的User-Agent,(确保每次发请求使用随机)
  3. 数据爬下来后做处理(字符串),定义成字典
  4. 一条龙: 获取 -> 调用解析 -> 数据处理
  5. 猫眼电影数据存入本地 maoyanfilm.csv 文件
from urllib import request
import time
import re
import csv
import random


class MaoyanSpider(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.page = 1  # 用于记录页数
        self.url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset={}'
        self.agent = [
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.163 \
            Safari/535.1',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0',
            'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; \
            .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; InfoPath.3)',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.163 Safari/535.1']

    # 请求
    def get_page(self, url):
        headers = {'User-Agent': random.choice(self.agent)}  # 每次使用随机的user-agent
        req = request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)      # 创建请求对象
        res = request.urlopen(req)                           # 发起请求
        html = res.read().decode('utf-8')                    # 获取请求内容
        self.parse_page(html)                                # 直接调用解析函数

    # 解析
    def parse_page(self, html):
        pattren = re.compile(
            '<div class="movie-item-info">.*?title="(.*?)".*?class="star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>', re.S)
        r_list = pattren.findall(html)
        # rlist: [('霸王别姬', '\n                主演:张国荣,张丰毅,巩俐\n        ', '上映时间:1993-01-01'),(...),(...)]
        self.write_page(r_list)             # 写入csv文件

    # # 保存,打印输出
    # def write_page(self,r_list):
    #     one_film_dict = {}
    #     for rt in r_list:
    #         one_film_dict['name'] = rt[0].strip()
    #         one_film_dict['star'] = rt[1].strip()
    #         one_film_dict['time'] = rt[2].strip()[5:15]
    #
    #         print(one_film_dict)

    # 保存到csv文件(writerows) -- 推荐使用此方法
    def write_page(self, r_list):
        # 空列表,最终writerows()的参数: [(),(),()]
        film_list = []
        with open('maoyan.csv', 'a',newline="") as f:
            writer = csv.writer(f)
            for rt in r_list:
                # 把处理过的数据定义成元组
                t = (rt[0], rt[1].strip(), rt[2].strip()[5:15])
                film_list.append(t)

            writer.writerows(film_list)

    def main(self):
        for offset in range(0, 31, 10):
            url = self.url.format(offset)
            self.get_page(url)
            time.sleep(random.randint(1, 3))
            print('第%d页爬取完成' % self.page)
            self.page += 1


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    spider = MaoyanSpider()
    spider.main()
    end = time.time()
    print('执行时间: %.2f' % (end - start))

 

数据持久化存储(MySQL数据库)

让我们来回顾一下pymysql模块的基本使用

import pymysql

db = pymysql.connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'maoyandb', charset='utf8')
cursor = db.cursor()  # 创建游标对象
# execute()方法第二个参数为列表传参补位
cursor.execute('insert into film values(%s,%s,%s)', ['霸王别姬', '张国荣', '1993'])
db.commit()  # 提交到数据库执行
cursor.close()  # 关闭
db.close()

让我们来回顾一下pymysql中executemany()的用法

import pymysql

# 数据库连接对象
db = pymysql.connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', charset='utf8')
cursor = db.cursor()    # 游标对象
ins_list = []           # 存放所有数据的大列表
for i in range(2):
    name = input('请输入第%d个学生姓名:' % (i + 1))
    age = input('请输入第%d个学生年龄:' % (i + 1))
    ins_list.append([name, age])

ins = 'insert into t3 values(%s,%s)'    # 定义插入语句
cursor.executemany(ins, ins_list)   # 一次数据库的IO操作可插入多条语句,提升性能

db.commit()     # 提交到数据库执行
cursor.close()  # 关闭游标
db.close()      # 关闭数据库

ins = 'insert into maoyanfilm values(%s,%s,%s)'
cursor.execute(['霸王', '国荣', '1991'])
cursor.executemany([
        ['月光宝盒', '周星驰', '1993'],
        ['大圣娶亲', '周星驰', '1993']])

练习:把猫眼电影案例中电影信息存入MySQL数据库中(尽量使用executemany方法)

from urllib import request
import time
import re
import pymysql
import random


class MaoyanSpider(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.page = 1  # 用于记录页数
        self.url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset={}'
        self.ua_list = [
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) \
            Chrome/14.0.835.163 Safari/535.1',
            'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0',
            'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; \
            .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; InfoPath.3)']
        # 创建数据库连接对象和游标对象
        self.db = pymysql.connect('localhost', 'root', '123456', 'maoyandb', charset='utf8')
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

    # 获取
    def get_page(self, url):
        # 每次使用随机的user-agent
        headers = {'User-Agent': random.choice(self.ua_list)}
        req = request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)
        res = request.urlopen(req)
        html = res.read().decode('utf-8')
        self.parse_page(html)       # 直接调用解析函数

    # 解析
    def parse_page(self, html):
        pattren = re.compile(
            '<div class="movie-item-info">.*?title="(.*?)".*?class="star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>', re.S)
        # rlist: [('霸王别姬','张国荣','1993'),(),()]
        r_list = pattren.findall(html)
        print(r_list)
        self.write_page(r_list)

    # 存入mysql数据库(executemany([ [],[],[] ]))
    def write_page(self, r_list):
        film_list = []
        ins = 'insert into filmtab values(%s,%s,%s)'        # 定义插入语句
        # 处理数据,放到大列表film_list中
        for rt in r_list:
            one_film = [rt[0], rt[1].strip(), rt[2].strip()[5:15]]
            # 添加到大列表中
            film_list.append(one_film)
        # 一次数据库IO把1页数据存入
        self.cursor.executemany(ins, film_list)
        # 提交到数据库执行
        self.db.commit()

    def main(self):
        for offset in range(0, 31, 10):
            url = self.url.format(offset)
            self.get_page(url)
            time.sleep(random.randint(1, 3))
            print('第%d页爬取完成' % self.page)
            self.page += 1

        # 断开数据库(所有页爬完之后)
        self.cursor.close()
        self.db.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    spider = MaoyanSpider()
    spider.main()
    end = time.time()
    print('执行时间: %.2f' % (end - start))
View Code

让我们来做个SQL命令查询

1、查询20年以前的电影的名字和上映时间
 select name,time from filmtab where time<(now()-interval 20 year);
2、查询1990-2000年的电影名字和上映时间
 select name,time from filmtab where time>='1990-01-01' and time<='2000-12-31';

让我们来复习一下mongdb数据库

import pymongo

# 1.连接对象
conn = pymongo.MongoClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=27017)
db = conn['maoyandb']       # 2.库对象
myset = db['filmtab']       # 3.集合对象
myset.insert_one({'name': '赵敏'})    # 4.插入数据库

练习:把猫眼电影案例中电影信息存入MongDB数据库中

from urllib import request
import re
import time
import random
import pymongo


class MaoyanSpider(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset={}'
        # 计数
        self.num = 0
        # 创建3个对象
        self.conn = pymongo.MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
        self.db = self.conn['maoyandb']
        self.myset = self.db['filmset']
        self.ua_list = [
          'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.163 Safari/535.1',
          'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0',
          'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET \
          CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; InfoPath.3)', ]

    def get_html(self, url):
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': random.choice(self.ua_list)
        }
        req = request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)
        res = request.urlopen(req)
        html = res.read().decode('utf-8')
        # 直接调用解析函数
        self.parse_html(html)

    def parse_html(self, html):
        re_bds = r'<div class="movie-item-info">.*?title="(.*?)".*?class="star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>'
        pattern = re.compile(re_bds, re.S)
        # film_list: [('霸王别姬','张国荣','1993'),()]
        film_list = pattern.findall(html)
        # 直接调用写入函数
        self.write_html(film_list)

    # mongodb数据库
    def write_html(self, film_list):
        for film in film_list:
            film_dict = {
                'name': film[0].strip(),
                'star': film[1].strip(),
                'time': film[2].strip()[5:15]
            }
            # 插入mongodb数据库
            self.myset.insert_one(film_dict)

    def main(self):
        for offset in range(0, 31, 10):
            url = self.url.format(offset)
            self.get_html(url)
            time.sleep(random.randint(1, 2))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    spider = MaoyanSpider()
    spider.main()
    end = time.time()
    print('执行时间:%.2f' % (end - start))
View Code

 

电影天堂案例(二级页面抓取)

1、查看是否为静态页面,是否为动态加载

  右键 - 查看网页源代码

2、确定URL地址

  百度搜索 :电影天堂 - 2019年新片 - 更多

3、目标

*********一级页面***********
       1、电影名称
       2、电影链接
       
*********二级页面***********
       1、下载链接

4、步骤

  1. 找URL规律

第1页 :https://www.dytt8.net/html/gndy/dyzz/list_23_1.html

第2页 :https://www.dytt8.net/html/gndy/dyzz/list_23_2.html

第n页 :https://www.dytt8.net/html/gndy/dyzz/list_23_n.html

  1. 写正则表达式

1、一级页面正则表达式(电影名称、电影详情链接)

<table width="100%".*?<td height="26">.*?<a href="(.*?)".*?>(.*?)</a>

2、二级页面正则表达式

  <td style="WORD-WRAP.*?>.*?>(.*?)</a>

  1. 代码实现

# decode('gbk','ignore') 注意ignore参数

# 注意结构和代码可读性(一个函数不要太冗余)

from urllib import request
import re
import time
import random
from useragents import *
import pymysql


class FilmSky(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://www.dytt8.net/html/gndy/dyzz/list_23_{}.html'
        # 定义两个对象
        self.db = pymysql.connect('127.0.0.1', 'root', '123456', 'maoyandb', charset='utf8')
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

    # 获取html函数(因为两个页面都需要发请求)
    def get_page(self, url):
        req = request.Request(url=url, headers={'User-Agent': random.choice(ua_list)})
        res = request.urlopen(req)
        # ignore参数,实在处理不了的编码错误忽略
        # 查看网页源码,发现网页编码为 gb2312,不是 utf-8
        html = res.read().decode('gbk', 'ignore')
        return html

    # 解析提取数据(把名称和下载链接一次性拿到)
    # html为一级页面响应内容
    def parse_page(self, html):
        # 1. 先解析一级页面(电影名称 和 详情链接)
        pattern = re.compile('<table width="100%".*?<td height="26">.*?<a href="(.*?)".*?>(.*?)</a>', re.S)
        # film_list: [('详情链接','名称'),()]
        film_list = pattern.findall(html)
        # [('/html/gndy/dyzz/20190806/58956.html', '019年惊悚动作《报仇雪恨/血债血偿》BD中英双字幕'),(),()]
        ins = 'insert into filmsky values(%s,%s)'
        for film in film_list:
            film_name = film[1]
            film_link = 'https://www.dytt8.net' + film[0]
            # 2. 拿到详情链接后,再去获取详情链接html,提取下载链接
            download_link = self.parse_two_html(film_link)

            self.cursor.execute(ins, [film_name, film_link])
            self.db.commit()

            # 打印测试
            d = {'电影名称': film_name, '下载链接': download_link}
            print(d)

    # {'电影名称': '019年惊悚动作《报仇雪恨/血债血偿》BD中英双字幕', '下载链接': 'ftp://ygdy8:ygdy8@yg90.dydytt.net:8590/阳光电影www.ygdy8.com.报仇雪恨.BD.720p.中英双字幕.mkv'}

    # 解析二级页面,获取下载链接
    def parse_two_html(self, film_link):
        two_html = self.get_page(film_link)
        pattern = re.compile('<td style="WORD-WRAP.*?>.*?>(.*?)</a>', re.S)
        download_link = pattern.findall(two_html)[0]
        return download_link

    # 主函数
    def main(self):
        for page in range(1, 11):
            url = self.url.format(page)
            html = self.get_page(url)
            self.parse_page(html)
            time.sleep(random.randint(1, 3))
            print('第%d页完成' % page)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    start = time.time()
    spider = FilmSky()
    spider.main()
    end = time.time()
    print('执行时间:%.2f' % (end - start))

 

posted @ 2019-09-03 09:35  凌逆战  阅读(1477)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报