MySQL5.7表空间加密
MySQL5.7开始支持表空间加密了，增强了MySQL的数据文件的安全性，这是一个很不错的一个功能，这个特性默认是没有启用的，要使用这个功能要安装插件keyring_file。
下面就来看看怎么安装，安装这个插件不用重启MySQL
1.安装插件
1.1 安装插件
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [(none)]> INSTALL PLUGIN keyring_file soname 'keyring_file.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected ( 0.01 sec)
2.创建密钥文件目录
mkdir -p /ssd01/3306/mysql-keyring/
chown -R mysql.mysql /ssd01/3306/mysql-keyring/
chmod 750 /ssd01/3306/mysql-keyring/
3.设置KEY文件，这个是动态参数，可以直接设置
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [(none)]> set global keyring_file_data='/ssd01/3306/mysql-keyring/keyring';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [(none)]>
4.重要事情说三遍：更新配置文件，避免遗忘更新配置文件，避免下次重启出问题
在my.cnf的[mysqld]段，加这两行
early-plugin-load=keyring_file.so
keyring_file_data=/ssd01/3306/mysql-keyring/keyring
##演示一下没有把keyring_file_data写到配置文件的情况。
KEY文件默认在base目录
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [(none)]> show global variables like '%keyring_file_data%';
+-------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-------------------+----------------------------------+
| keyring_file_data | /usr/local/mysql/keyring/keyring |
+-------------------+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
插件还是在的
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [(none)]> show plugins;
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+-----------------+---------+
| Name | Status | Type | Library | License |
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+-----------------+---------+
| binlog | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| mysql_native_password | ACTIVE | AUTHENTICATION | NULL | GPL |
| sha256_password | ACTIVE | AUTHENTICATION | NULL | GPL |
| InnoDB | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_TRX | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_LOCKS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_LOCK_WAITS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_CMP | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_CMP_RESET | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_CMPMEM | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_METRICS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_FT_DELETED | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_FT_CONFIG | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLES | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_INDEXES | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_FIELDS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL | ACTIVE | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL | GPL |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| MRG_MYISAM | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| MyISAM | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| MEMORY | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| CSV | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| BLACKHOLE | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| partition | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| FEDERATED | DISABLED | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| ARCHIVE | ACTIVE | STORAGE ENGINE | NULL | GPL |
| ngram | ACTIVE | FTPARSER | NULL | GPL |
| keyring_file | ACTIVE | KEYRING | keyring_file.so | GPL |
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+-----------------+---------+
45 rows in set (0.00 sec)
访问加密的表会报错，找不到master_key
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test]> show create table test_1;
ERROR 3185 (HY000): Can't find master key from keyring, please check keyring plugin is loaded.
2.测试加密表
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [(none)]> use test11;
Database changed
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test11]> alter table test1 encryption='Y';
Query OK, 17 rows affected (0.04 sec) Records: 17 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
查看一下information_schema.tables 看看是否加密成功
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test11]> select * from information_schema.tables where CREATE_OPTIONS like '%ENCRYPTION="Y"%'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
TABLE_CATALOG: def
TABLE_SCHEMA: test11
TABLE_NAME: test1
TABLE_TYPE: BASE TABLE
ENGINE: InnoDB
VERSION: 10
ROW_FORMAT: Dynamic
TABLE_ROWS: 17
AVG_ROW_LENGTH: 963
DATA_LENGTH: 16384
MAX_DATA_LENGTH: 0
INDEX_LENGTH: 16384
DATA_FREE: 0
AUTO_INCREMENT: 102
CREATE_TIME: 2016-06-21 15:17:33
UPDATE_TIME: 2016-06-21 15:17:33
CHECK_TIME: NULL
TABLE_COLLATION: utf8_general_ci
CHECKSUM: NULL
CREATE_OPTIONS: ENCRYPTION="Y"
TABLE_COMMENT:
1 row in set (0.03 sec)
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test11]>
也许有人问，我这个支持在线DDL么，其实想一下，加密表空间应该是拷贝表方式。
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test]> alter table test_1 encryption='Y',ALGORITHM=INPLACE,LOCK=none;
ERROR 1846 (0A000): ALGORITHM=INPLACE is not supported. Reason: Invalid encryption option.. Try ALGORITHM=COPY.
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test]>
解密表空间
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test]> alter table test1 encryption='N';
Query OK, 17 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 17 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
(mysql5.7)root@localhost [test]> select * from information_schema.tables where CREATE_OPTIONS like '%ENCRYPTION="Y"%'\G;
Empty set (0.05 sec)
3.小结
安装插件很简单，有必要测试一下加密表空间对性能的影响。测试也很简单，用sysbench,tpcc先创建表，再修改为加密表空间。还有key密钥不要误删除了，不然就呵呵哒。你数据只能用备份来恢复了
