爬取豆瓣

import json

import requests


class DoubanSpider:
    def __init__(self):
        self.start_url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/search_subjects?type=tv&tag={}&sort=recommend&page_limit=20&page_start={}"
        self.tv_type_url = "https://movie.douban.com/j/search_tags?type=tv&source="
        self.headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 13_2_3 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/13.0.3 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1",
        }

    def parse_url(self, url):
        """发送请求，获取响应"""
        print(url)
        response = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers)
        return response.content.decode()

    def get_content_list(self, json_str, json_data):
        """提取数据"""
        dict_ret = json.loads(json_str)
        content_list = dict_ret[json_data]
        return content_list

    def save_content_list(self, content_list,data_type):
        """保存"""
        with open("douban.txt", "a", encoding="Utf-8") as f:
            for content in content_list:
                content["data_type"] =data_type
                f.write(json.dumps(content, ensure_ascii=False))
                f.write("\n")  # 写入换行符，进行换行
        print("保存成功")

    def run(self):
        """实现主要逻辑"""
        tv_type_json_str = self.parse_url(self.tv_type_url)
        tv_type_list = self.get_content_list(tv_type_json_str, "tags")
        for tv_type in tv_type_list:
            num = 0
            while True:
                # 1.start_url
                url = self.start_url.format(tv_type, num)
                # 2.发送请求，获取响应
                json_str = self.parse_url(url)
                # 3.提取TV数据
                content_list = self.get_content_list(json_str, "subjects")
                # 4.保存
                self.save_content_list(content_list,tv_type)
                if len(content_list) < 20:
                    break
                # 5.构造下一页的url地址，进入循环
                num += 1


if __name__ == '__main__':
    douban_spider = DoubanSpider()
    douban_spider.run()