Saltstack的api

Salt-api有两种方式：

第一种是函数的形式，有人家定义好的函数，我们可以直接调用，直接写python代码调用函数或者类就可以了
第二种形式是salt-api有封装好的http协议的，我们需要启动一个服务端

安装：yum install –y salt-api

1、函数形式的api

①、加载master的配置文件

>>> import salt.config
>>> master_opts = salt.config.client_config('/etc/salt/master')
>>> print(‘master_opts’)

②、加载minion的配置文件

>>> import salt.config
>>> Minion_opts = salt.config.minion_config('/etc/salt/minion')

③、在master上执行各种模块

>>> import salt.client
>>> local = salt.client.LocalClient('/etc/salt/master')#不加也可以，加上最好
>>> local.cmd('*', "test.ping")
{'192.168.48.129': True}
>>> local.cmd('*', "cmd.run", "w")
{'192.168.48.129': ' 12:17:38 up 5:58, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05\nUSER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT\nroot     pts/0    192.168.48.1     11:14    2:50   0.89s 0.89s python'}

>>> local.cmd('*',"cmd.run",['ifconfig'])
{'slave01': 'eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500\n        inet 192.168.137.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.137.255\n        ether 42:e0:82:d4:16:9d txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)\n        RX packets 20000 bytes 20483244 (19.5 MiB)\n        RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0\n        TX packets 13856 bytes 1104104 (1.0 MiB)\n        TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0\n\nlo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536\n        inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0\n        loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)\n        RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)\n        RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0\n        TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)\n        TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0'

如果一次要执行多个模块

>>> local.cmd('*', ['test.ping', 'cmd.run'], [[], ['whoami']])
{'192.168.48.129': {'test.ping': True, 'cmd.run': 'root'}}

自定义的模块

>>> local.cmd('*', "jd.meminfo", "")
{'192.168.48.129': {'meminfo': '0.31'}}

④、如果对于执行时间过长，没法直接返回的，我们就可以通过异步执行的形式进行返回

放到后台执行：cmd_async

>>> local.cmd_async('*',['test.ping','cmd.run'],[[],['whoami']])
>>> '20180706215438744640'

获取执行完的结果：get_cache_returns(jid)

>>> local.get_cache_returns(20180706215438744640)
>>> {'slave01': {'ret': {'cmd.run': 'root', 'test.ping': True}}}

取的只有一个结果

以下代码只能只能在master上执行，而且是只能在master上才可以使用

__opts__ = salt.config.minion_config('/etc/salt/minion')
conf_file = __opts__['conf_file']
client = salt.client.LocalClient(conf_file)
jid = client.cmd_async(minion, function, params)
wait_time = 0
sleep_interval = 1
while wait_time < timeout:
    print('wait {0} seconds'.format(sleep_interval))
    time.sleep(sleep_interval)
    returns = client.get_cache_returns(jid)
    if returns:
        return returns
    wait_time += sleep_interval

⑤、客户端执行salt命令

>>> import salt.config
>>> import salt.client
>>> caller = salt.client.Caller(‘/etc/salt/minion’)
>>> caller.cmd("test.ping")
True

类似shell命令的salt-call，可以在minion端执行salt的命令，测试连通性什么的

⑥、Master端执行salt-run

>>> import salt.config
>>> import salt.runner
>>> __opts__ = salt.config.client_config('/etc/salt/master')
>>> runerMaster = salt.runner.RunnerClient(__opts__)
>>> runerMaster.cmd('jobs.list_jobs', [])

查看所有的：

>>> runerMaster.cmd('manage.status')
down:
up:
- 192.168.48.129
{'down': [], 'up': ['192.168.48.129']}

⑦、Grains

>>> import salt.config
>>> import salt.loader
>>> __opts__ = salt.config.minion_config("/etc/salt/minion")
>>> __grains__ = salt.loader.grains(__opts__)
>>> __grains__['id']
'192.168.48.129‘

⑧、其他的一些变量

import salt.config
import salt.loader

__opts__ = salt.config.minion_config('/etc/salt/minion')
__grains__ = salt.loader.grains(__opts__)
__opts__['grains'] = __grains__
__utils__ = salt.loader.utils(__opts__)
__salt__ = salt.loader.minion_mods(__opts__, utils=__utils__)
__salt__['test.ping']()

⑨、Salt的内置环境变量

在python的交互环境中，这些变量是不生效的，只有在自定义的模块，活着salt执行时才生效

__opts__         #配置文件，类型

__salt__            #执行modules

__salt__['cmd.run']('fdisk -l')

__salt__['network.ip_addrs']()

__pillar__          #pillar

__grains__        #grains

__context__

if not 'cp.fileclient' in __context__:
    __context__['cp.fileclient'] = salt.fileclient.get_file_client(__opts__)

2、Saltstack的httpapi

安装

①、在官网更新yum源信息

②、yum安装

yum install -y gcc make python-devel libffi-devel salt-api openssl

pip install cherrypy

生成证书：

# cd /etc/salt

# mkdir keycrt

# cd keycrt

# openssl genrsa -out key.pem 4096

# openssl req -new -x509 -key key.pem -out cert.pem -days 1826

③、配置用户以及权限：

a)、首先需要在master上检查配置文件：

default_include: master.d/*.conf
interface: 192.168.137.130
conf_file: /etc/salt/master
pki_dir: /etc/salt/pki/master
auto_accept: True
file_roots:
  base:
    - /srv/salt/
log_file:/var/log/salt/master
log_level_logfile: debug

b)、配置salt-api的配置文件：

[root@localhost master.d]# cd /etc/salt/master.d/

[root@localhost master.d]# ls

api.conf eauth.conf

[root@localhost master.d]# cat api.conf

rest_cherrypy:
port: 8000
ssl_crt: /etc/salt/keycrt/cert.pem
ssl_key: /etc/salt/keycrt/key.pem

[root@localhost master.d]# cat eauth.conf

external_auth:
pam:
    saltapi:
      - .*
      - '@wheel'
      - '@runner'

c)、创建用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin/ saltapi

echo “saltapi” |passwd saltapi --stdin

注意这个应用名和上面的saltapi要对应一致

启动salt-api

systemctl restart salt-api

netstat –anp | grep 8000

对于ubuntu系统，我们可能使用https也是没法使用，我们可以使用http协议，具体的配置如下：

root@ling-virtual-machine:/etc/salt/master.d# cat api.conf

rest_cherrypy:
port: 8000
disable_ssl: True
#ssl_crt: /etc/salt/keycrt/cert.pem
#ssl_key: /etc/salt/keycrt/key.pem

注意以上的： disable_ssl: True

然后把ssl秘钥和公钥注释掉，eauth.conf 不发生变化

获取token：http协议

[root@localhost master.d]# curl -X POST -k http://192.168.137.130:8000/login -d username='saltapi' -d password='saltapi' -d eauth='pam' |python -mjson.tool

% Total    % Received % Xferd Average Speed   Time    Time     Time Current
                                 Dload Upload   Total   Spent    Left Speed
100   240 100   197 100    43     45      9 0:00:04 0:00:04 --:--:--    45
{
    "return": [
        {
            "eauth": "pam",
            "expire": 1517235285.554001,
            "perms": [
                ".*",
                "@wheel",
                "@runner"
            ],
            "start": 1517192085.554001,
            "token": "105ee1f28109d67855ce7898e75e173a678f5174",
            "user": "saltapi"
        }
    ]
}

获取token：https协议（centos7）

[root@localhost master.d]# curl -X POST -k https://192.168.137.130:8000/login -d username='saltapi' -d password='saltapi' -d eauth='pam' |python -mjson.tool

% Total    % Received % Xferd Average Speed   Time    Time     Time Current
                                 Dload Upload   Total   Spent    Left Speed
100   240 100   197 100    43    908    198 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   912
{
    "return": [
        {
            "eauth": "pam",
            "expire": 1517235312.537542,
            "perms": [
                ".*",
                "@wheel",
                "@runner"
            ],
            "start": 1517192112.537541,
            "token": "bd5922438e9ae10db039816728c2b86f9462a0bb",
            "user": "saltapi"
        }
    ]
}

通过postman来获取token

Headers里面是用来存放headers的信息的

Body里面来存放数据的，常用的data数据就是x-www-form-urlencoded

form-data 是用来存放页面form表单数据的

只要salt-api不重启，token就不会过期，salt-api重启以后，token就会过期

通过postman来获取执行module：

Headers部分要填写的：

body部分要填写的：

body部分加参数：

body部分加多个参数：

通过curl来获取执行module：

root@ling-virtual-machine:/etc/salt/master.d# curl -k http://192.168.48.134:8000 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: ec623ed62de7dd62cfdadb94ad0044b7f46c9549" -d

client='local' -d tgt='*' -d fun='test.ping'
return:
192.168.48.129: true

运行runner

root@ling-virtual-machine:/etc/salt/master.d# curl -k http://192.168.48.134:8000 -H "Accept: application/x-yaml" -H "X-Auth-Token: ec623ed62de7dd62cfdadb94ad0044b7f46c9549" -d

client='runner' -d fun='manage.status'
return:
- down: []
up:
- 192.168.48.129

任务

1.自定义一些module
2. 线上使用runner的实例
3. 通过python脚本取访问salt的httpapi

posted @ 2018-07-03 18:11 一条咸鱼的梦想阅读(263) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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