kali学习
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kali学习
学习大纲
1、Linux和ubuntu的区别
实验环境：
目标靶机：OWASP_Broken_Web_Apps_VM_1.2
介绍
About Us | The OWASP Foundation
x
OWASP Broken Web Applications Project Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP开源组织)
Broken Web Applications（BWA）项目生成一个虚拟机，运行各种具有已知漏洞的应用程序，供以下人员使用：
- 了解Web应用程序安全性
- 测试手册评估技术
- 测试自动化工具
- 测试源代码分析工具
- 观察网络攻击
- 测试WAF(Web Application Firewall)和类似的代码技术
下载地址
Download OWASP Broken Web Applications Project from SourceForge.net
测试渗透机：kali-linux-2021.3-vmware-amd64
虚拟机版
https://www.kali.org/get-kali/#kali-virtual-machines
Live版 可以装做U盘启动
https://www.kali.org/get-kali/#kali-live
其他版本
https://www.kali.org/get-kali/#kali-platforms
联网
联网方式
NAT
- NAT（Network Address Translation，网络地址转换）是1994年提出的。. 当在 专用网 内部的一些主机本来已经分配到了本地IP地址（即仅在本专用网内使用的专用地址），但现在又想和因特网上的主机通信（并不需要加密）时，可使用NAT方法。
- 这种方法需要在专用网（私网IP）连接到因特网（公网IP）的路由器上安装NAT软件。
- 装有NAT软件的路由器叫做NAT路由器，它至少有一个有效的外部全球IP地址（公网IP地址）。
- 这样，所有使用本地地址（私网IP地址）的主机在和外界通信时，都要在NAT路由器上将其本地地址转换成全球IP地址，才能和因特网连接。
- NAT典型组网实例 - 目录 - 技术甜甜圈 - 新华三集团-H3C
- 通过内网间接连到外部网络。
桥接
- 一般的交换机，网桥就有桥接作用。就交换机来说，本身有一个端口与mac的映射表，通过这些，隔离了冲突域（collision）。
- 简单的说就是通过网桥可以把两个不同的物理局域网连接起来。
- 网桥（Windows的右键->桥接、Linux的brctl）就是让系统变成两个口（或者多个口）的交换机，交换机就是多个口的的网桥。
- 直接连接到外部网络 （虚拟的网络和物理机的网络是平行的。）
Linux相关命令
x
#查看当前机器的ip参数信息
ip a
#查看当前机器的路由/网关信息 router
ip r
Markdown is created by Daring Fireball; the original guideline is here. Its syntax, however, varies between different parsers or editors. Typora is using GitHub Flavored Markdown.
学习大纲1、Linux和ubuntu的区别实验环境：联网联网方式NAT 桥接Linux相关命令Block ElementsParagraph and line breaksHeadersBlockquotesListsTask List(Fenced) Code BlocksMath BlocksTablesFootnotesHorizontal RulesYAML Front MatterTable of Contents (TOC)Span ElementsLinksInternal LinksReference LinksURLsImagesEmphasisStrongCodeStrikethroughUnderlinesEmoji 😄Inline MathSubscriptSuperscriptHighlightHTMLEmbed ContentsVideoOther HTML Support
Block Elements
Paragraph and line breaks
A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text. In markdown source code, paragraphs are separated by two or more blank lines. In Typora, you only need one blank line (press Return once) to create a new paragraph.
Press Shift + Return to create a single line break. Most other markdown parsers will ignore single line breaks, so in order to make other markdown parsers recognize your line break, you can leave two spaces at the end of the line, or insert <br/>.
Headers
Headers use 1-6 hash (#) characters at the start of the line, corresponding to header levels 1-6. For example:
# This is an H1
## This is an H2
###### This is an H6
In Typora, input ‘#’s followed by title content, and press Return key will create a header.
Blockquotes
Markdown uses email-style > characters for block quoting. They are presented as:
xxxxxxxxxx
> This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. This is first paragraph.
>
> This is second pragraph. Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.
> This is another blockquote with one paragraph. There is three empty line to seperate two blockquote.
In Typora, inputting ‘>’ followed by your quote contents will generate a quote block. Typora will insert a proper ‘>’ or line break for you. Nested block quotes (a block quote inside another block quote) by adding additional levels of ‘>’.
Lists
Input * list item 1 will create an unordered list - the * symbol can be replace with + or -.
Input 1. list item 1 will create an ordered list - their markdown source code is as follows:
xxxxxxxxxx
## un-ordered list
* Red
* Green
* Blue
## ordered list
1. Red
2. Green
3.Blue
Task List
Task lists are lists with items marked as either [ ] or [x] (incomplete or complete). For example:
xxxxxxxxxx
- a task list item
- list syntax required
- normal **formatting**, @mentions, #1234 refs
- incomplete
- [x] completed
You can change the complete/incomplete state by clicking on the checkbox before the item.
(Fenced) Code Blocks
Typora only supports fences in GitHub Flavored Markdown. Original code blocks in markdown are not supported.
Using fences is easy: Input ``` and press return. Add an optional language identifier after ``` and we'll run it through syntax highlighting:
xxxxxxxxxx
Here's an example:
```js
```
syntax highlighting:
```ruby
```
Math Blocks
You can render LaTeX mathematical expressions using MathJax.
To add a mathematical expression, input $$ and press the 'Return' key. This will trigger an input field which accepts Tex/LaTex source. For example:
In the markdown source file, the math block is a LaTeX expression wrapped by a pair of ‘$$’ marks:
xxxxxxxxxx
$$
\mathbf
$$
You can find more details here.
Tables
Input | First Header | Second Header | and press the return key. This will create a table with two columns.
After a table is created, putting focus on that table will open up a toolbar for the table where you can resize, align, or delete the table. You can also use the context menu to copy and add/delete individual columns/rows.
The full syntax for tables is described below, but it is not necessary to know the full syntax in detail as the markdown source code for tables is generated automatically by Typora.
In markdown source code, they look like:
xxxxxxxxxx
| First Header | Second Header |
| ------------- | ------------- |
| Content Cell | Content Cell |
| Content Cell | Content Cell |
You can also include inline Markdown such as links, bold, italics, or strikethrough in the table.
Finally, by including colons (:) within the header row, you can define text in that column to be left-aligned, right-aligned, or center-aligned:
xxxxxxxxxx
| Left-Aligned | Center Aligned | Right Aligned |
| :------------ |:---------------:| -----:|
| col 3 is | some wordy text | $1600 |
| col 2 is | centered | $12 |
| zebra stripes | are neat | $1 |
A colon on the left-most side indicates a left-aligned column; a colon on the right-most side indicates a right-aligned column; a colon on both sides indicates a center-aligned column.
Footnotes
xxxxxxxxxx
You can create footnotes like this[^footnote].
[^footnote]: Here is the *text* of the **footnote**.
will produce:
You can create footnotes like this1.
Hover over the ‘footnote’ superscript to see content of the footnote.
Horizontal Rules
Inputting *** or --- on a blank line and pressing return will draw a horizontal line.
YAML Front Matter
Typora now supports YAML Front Matter. Input --- at the top of the article and then press Return to introduce a metadata block. Alternatively, you can insert a metadata block from the top menu of Typora.
Table of Contents (TOC)
Input [toc] and press the Return key. This will create a “Table of Contents” section. The TOC extracts all headers from the document, and its contents are updated automatically as you add to the document.
Span Elements
Span elements will be parsed and rendered right after typing. Moving the cursor in middle of those span elements will expand those elements into markdown source. Below is an explanation of the syntax for each span element.
Links
Markdown supports two styles of links: inline and reference.
In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets].
To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses immediately after the link text’s closing square bracket. Inside the parentheses, put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an optional title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For example:
xxxxxxxxxx
This is [an example](http://example.com/ "Title") inline link.
[This link](http://example.net/) has no title attribute.
will produce:
This is an example inline link. (<p>This is <a href="http://example.com/" title="Title">)
This link has no title attribute. (<p><a href="http://example.net/">This link</a> has no)
Internal Links
You can set the href to headers, which will create a bookmark that allow you to jump to that section after clicking. For example:
Command(on Windows: Ctrl) + Click This link will jump to header Block Elements. To see how to write that, please move cursor or click that link with ⌘ key pressed to expand the element into markdown source.
Reference Links
Reference-style links use a second set of square brackets, inside which you place a label of your choosing to identify the link:
xxxxxxxxxx
This is [an example][id] reference-style link.
Then, anywhere in the document, you define your link label on a line by itself like this:
[id]: http://example.com/ "Optional Title Here"
In Typora, they will be rendered like so:
This is an example reference-style link.
The implicit link name shortcut allows you to omit the name of the link, in which case the link text itself is used as the name. Just use an empty set of square brackets — for example, to link the word “Google” to the google.com web site, you could simply write:
xxxxxxxxxx
[Google][]
And then define the link:
[Google]: http://google.com/
In Typora, clicking the link will expand it for editing, and command+click will open the hyperlink in your web browser.
URLs
Typora allows you to insert URLs as links, wrapped by <brackets>.
<i@typora.io> becomes i@typora.io.
Typora will also automatically link standard URLs. e.g: www.google.com.
Images
Images have similar syntax as links, but they require an additional ! char before the start of the link. The syntax for inserting an image looks like this:
xxxxxxxxxx
You are able to use drag & drop to insert an image from an image file or your web browser. You can modify the markdown source code by clicking on the image. A relative path will be used if the image that is added using drag & drop is in same directory or sub-directory as the document you're currently editing.
If you’re using markdown for building websites, you may specify a URL prefix for the image preview on your local computer with property typora-root-url in YAML Front Matters. For example, input typora-root-url:/User/Abner/Website/typora.io/ in YAML Front Matters, and then  will be treated as  in Typora.
You can find more details here.
Emphasis
Markdown treats asterisks (*) and underscores (_) as indicators of emphasis. Text wrapped with one * or _ will be wrapped with an HTML <em> tag. E.g:
xxxxxxxxxx
*single asterisks*
_single underscores_
output:
single asterisks
single underscores
GFM will ignore underscores in words, which is commonly used in code and names, like this:
wow_great_stuff
do_this_and_do_that_and_another_thing.
To produce a literal asterisk or underscore at a position where it would otherwise be used as an emphasis delimiter, you can backslash escape it:
xxxxxxxxxx
\*this text is surrounded by literal asterisks\*
Typora recommends using the * symbol.
Strong
A double * or _ will cause its enclosed contents to be wrapped with an HTML <strong> tag, e.g:
xxxxxxxxxx
**double asterisks**
__double underscores__
output:
double asterisks
double underscores
Typora recommends using the ** symbol.
Code
To indicate an inline span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes (`). Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span indicates code within a normal paragraph. For example:
xxxxxxxxxx
Use the `printf()` function.
will produce:
Use the printf() function.
Strikethrough
GFM adds syntax to create strikethrough text, which is missing from standard Markdown.
~~Mistaken text.~~ becomes Mistaken text.
Underlines
Underline is powered by raw HTML.
<u>Underline</u> becomes Underline.
Emoji 😄
Input emoji with syntax :smile:.
User can trigger auto-complete suggestions for emoji by pressing ESC key, or trigger it automatically after enabling it on preference panel. Also, inputting UTF-8 emoji characters directly is also supported by going to Edit -> Emoji & Symbols in the menu bar (macOS).
Inline Math
To use this feature, please enable it first in the Preference Panel -> Markdown Tab. Then, use $ to wrap a TeX command. For example: $\lim_{x \to \infty} \exp(-x) = 0$ will be rendered as LaTeX command.
To trigger inline preview for inline math: input “$”, then press the ESC key, then input a TeX command.
You can find more details here.
Subscript
To use this feature, please enable it first in the Preference Panel -> Markdown Tab. Then, use ~ to wrap subscript content. For example: H~2~O, X~long\ text~/
Superscript
To use this feature, please enable it first in the Preference Panel -> Markdown Tab. Then, use ^ to wrap superscript content. For example: X^2^.
Highlight
To use this feature, please enable it first in the Preference Panel -> Markdown Tab. Then, use == to wrap highlight content. For example: ==highlight==.
HTML
You can use HTML to style content what pure Markdown does not support. For example, use <span style="color:red">this text is red</span> to add text with red color.
Embed Contents
Some websites provide iframe-based embed code which you can also paste into Typora. For example:
xxxxxxxxxx
<iframe height='265' scrolling='no' title='Fancy Animated SVG Menu' src='http://codepen.io/jeangontijo/embed/OxVywj/?height=265&theme-id=0&default-tab=css,result&embed-version=2' frameborder='no' allowtransparency='true' allowfullscreen='true' style='width: 100%;'></iframe>
Video
You can use the <video> HTML tag to embed videos. For example:
xxxxxxxxxx
<video src="xxx.mp4" />
Other HTML Support
You can find more details here.
本文作者：Journey&Flower
本文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/JourneyOfFlower/p/15616270.html
版权声明：本作品采用知识共享署名-非商业性使用-禁止演绎 2.5 中国大陆许可协议进行许可。
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