实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

ODL操作

删除流表Python代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print (res.content)

下发流表Python代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1'
    with open("./flowtable.json") as f:
        jstr = f.read()
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.put(url, jstr, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print (res.content)

flowtable.json文件:

{
  "flow": [
    {
      "id": "1",
      "match": {
        "in-port": "1",
        "ethernet-match": {
          "ethernet-type": {
            "type": "0x0800"
          }
        },
        "ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32"
      },
      "instructions": {
        "instruction": [
          {
            "order": "0",
            "apply-actions": {
              "action": [
                {
                  "order": "0",
                  "drop-action": {}
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "flow-name": "flow1",
      "priority": "65535",
      "hard-timeout": "20",
      "cookie": "2",
      "table_id": "0"
    }
  ]
}

效果如图：

获取流表信息Python代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/operational/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/opendaylight-flow-table-statistics:flow-table-statistics'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.get(url,headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
    print (res.content)

效果如图：

Ryu操作

下发流表Python代码

#!/usr/bin/python
import requests

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    with open("./flowtable.json") as f:
        jstr = f.read()
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    res = requests.put(url, jstr, headers=headers)
    print (res.content)

flowtable.json文件:

{
    "dpid": 1,
    "cookie": 1,
    "cookie_mask": 1,
    "table_id": 0,
    "hard_timeout": 20,
    "priority": 65535,
    "flags": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port":1
    },
    "actions":[

    ]
 }

效果如图：

Vlan划分

搭建拓扑，使用openflow13协议，Python代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
from mininet.topo import Topo

class MyTopo(Topo):
    def __init__(self):
        # initilaize topology
        Topo.__init__(self)

        self.addSwitch("s1")
        self.addSwitch("s2")

        self.addHost("h1")
        self.addHost("h2")
        self.addHost("h3")
        self.addHost("h4")

        self.addLink("s1", "h1")
        self.addLink("s1", "h2")
        self.addLink("s2", "h3")
        self.addLink("s2", "h4")
        self.addLink("s1", "s2")

topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: MyTopo())}

创建拓扑命令：

sudo sudo mn  --custom mytopo.py --topo mytopo --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13

脚本：

# 将主机1，2发送来的包打上vlan标记
curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4096            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 2
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4097            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

# 将主机3，4发送来的包取出vlan标记
 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 0
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 1
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 1,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 2
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

# 将主机3，4发送来的包打上vlan标记
 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4096            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "in_port": 2
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "SET_FIELD",
            "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
            "value": 4097            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 3
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 0
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 1
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

 curl -X POST -d '{
    "dpid": 2,
    "priority": 1,
    "match":{
        "vlan_vid": 1
    },
    "actions":[
        {
            "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
            "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
        },
        {
            "type": "OUTPUT",
            "port": 2
        }
    ]
 }' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add

效果：

看到vlan划分成功，实现13、24分别互通，其余不通

进阶要求

将上述以python代码实现，首先删除s1和s2上的流表：

curl -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/clear/1
curl -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/clear/2

编程代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
import json

import requests

if __name__ == "__main__":
    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
    headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
    flow1 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
                "value": 4096            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow2 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",     # Set VLAN ID
                "value": 4097            # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow3 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match":{
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions":[
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",     # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024       # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow4 = {
        "dpid": 1,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",  # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024  # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 2
            }
        ]
    }
    flow5 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 1
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",  # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024  # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",  # Set VLAN ID
                "value": 4096  # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow6 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "in_port": 2
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "PUSH_VLAN",  # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024  # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "SET_FIELD",
                "field": "vlan_vid",  # Set VLAN ID
                "value": 4097  # Describe sum of vlan_id(e.g. 6) | OFPVID_PRESENT(0x1000=4096)
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 3
            }
        ]
    }
    flow7 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",  # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024  # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    flow8 = {
        "dpid": 2,
        "priority": 1,
        "match": {
            "vlan_vid": 0
        },
        "actions": [
            {
                "type": "POP_VLAN",  # Push a new VLAN tag if a input frame is non-VLAN-tagged
                "ethertype": 33024  # Ethertype 0x8100(=33024): IEEE 802.1Q VLAN-tagged frame
            },
            {
                "type": "OUTPUT",
                "port": 1
            }
        ]
    }
    res1 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow1), headers=headers)
    res2 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow2), headers=headers)
    res3 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow3), headers=headers)
    res4 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow4), headers=headers)
    res5 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow5), headers=headers)
    res6 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow6), headers=headers)
    res7 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow7), headers=headers)
    res8 = requests.post(url, json.dumps(flow8), headers=headers)

查看效果：

总结

这次作业难度中等，主要问题在于熟悉ODL和Ryu的RestfulAPI使用，由于对Python的requests库比较熟悉，所以完成的较快。此外，这次作业中也体会到了Ryu相比起ODL，在使用上更为轻便和快捷，但是在实现的过程中还是遇到了一些问题，这边做一下记录：

requests的请求类型需要时刻注意，由于请求类型不对，而Ryu一直报错404，所以一时没有定位到错误
传输的json数据要使用json包将字典数据转换成json数据，否则将无法实现RestfulAPI调用
在实验前要先清空已有流表，防止先前实验残余流表造成影响
开启Ryu时需要带上ryu.app.ofctl_rest，否则将无法使用8080端口进行操作
自建拓扑时需要使用--custom参数进行拓扑搭建，直接使用miniedit会遇到无法连接Ryu的状况

posted @ 2021-10-19 16:54 骇人的籽阅读(274) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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骇人的籽

实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践

ODL操作

Ryu操作

Vlan划分

进阶要求

总结

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