Sonatype Nexus3 搭建私有仓库
Nexus是Sonatype提供的仓库管理平台,Nuexus Repository OSS3能够支持Maven、npm、Docker、YUM、Helm等格式数据的存储和发布;并且能够与Jekins、SonaQube和Eclipse等工具进行集成。
Nexus支持作为宿主和代理存储库的本地Maven/Docker存储库,可以直接将这些存储库暴露给客户端工具;也可以以存储库组的方式暴露给客户端工具,存储库组是合并了多个存储库的内容的存储库,能够通过一个URL将多个存储库暴露给客户端工具,从而便于用户的使用。通过nexus自建能够有效减少访问获取镜像的时间和对带宽使用,并能够通过自有的镜像仓库共享企业自己的镜像。
SSL证书
需要 2 个域名,一个用来代理 Nexus
管理面板,另一个用做 docker
仓库,docker
需要单独的端口
Nexus 前台:registry.jonty.top
Docker 仓库:hub.jonty.top
自签名证书
我们通过Nginx
代理Nexus
服务,需要先生成自签名的SSL证书,通过内部DNS域名访问(无需在docker pull
的时候还要带一个端口)
使用一键生成工具:ssl,两个域名都要签发证书
# 克隆仓库
git clone https://github.com/Fishdrowned/ssl.git
cd ssl
# 根据你的域名更改
/bin/bash ./gen.cert.sh hub.jonty.top
PS:如果是打算做外网仓库服务,可以直接申请一个免费的SSL证书(云厂商都提供),本文使用内网域名,使用自签名证书
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# ls
ca.cnf docs flush.sh gen.cert.sh gen.root.sh LICENSE out README.md
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# cd out/
[root@nexus3 out]# ls
cert.key.pem index.txt index.txt.attr index.txt.attr.old index.txt.old newcerts root.crt root.key.pem serial serial.old
[root@nexus3 out]# cd ..
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# /bin/bash gen.cert.sh hub.jonty.top # 换成你的域名
Using configuration from ./ca.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows
countryName :PRINTABLE:'CN'
stateOrProvinceName :ASN.1 12:'Guangdong'
localityName :ASN.1 12:'Guangzhou'
organizationName :ASN.1 12:'Fishdrowned'
organizationalUnitName:ASN.1 12:'hub.jonty.top'
commonName :ASN.1 12:'*.hub.jonty.top'
Certificate is to be certified until Jul 11 08:06:41 2024 GMT (730 days)
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
Certificates are located in:
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 44 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/hub.xxx.bundle.crt -> ./20220712-1606/hub.jonty.top.bundle.crt
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 37 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/hub.xxx.crt -> ./20220712-1606/hub.jonty.top.crt
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/hub.xxx.key.pem -> ../cert.key.pem
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 Jul 12 16:06 /root/docker/ssl-master/out/hub.jonty.top/root.crt -> ../root.crt
[root@nexus3 ssl-master]# cd out/hub.jonty.top/
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# ls
20220712-1606 hub.jonty.top.bundle.crt hub.jonty.top.crt hub.jonty.top.key.pem root.crt
阿里云签发
如果有域名,可以购买Aliyun
免费ssl证书,一年有效期,可以有效避免自签名证书不适用的问题
申请完成后,下载Nginx
证书并上传到服务器
本地域名解析
Windows:C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
Linux:vi /etc/hosts
将以下解析加入,测试是否可以ping
通
192.168.2.xx hub.jonty.top
192.168.2.xx registry.jonty.top
服务端和客户端都需要配置
部署
环境准备
安装Docker-Engine
[root@nexus3 ~]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.17, build 100c701
[root@nexus3 ~]# docker compose version
Docker Compose version v2.6.0
创建数据路径并设置权限
mkdir -p $PWD/nexus3/data
chmod 777 $PWD/nexus3/data
cd $PWD/nexus3
将生成的证书复制到$PWD/nexus3/certs
目录下(2个域名的证书都需要)
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# cp hub.jonty.top.crt ~/nexus3/certs/
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# cp hub.jonty.top.key.pem ~/nexus3/certs/
[root@nexus3 hub.jonty.top]# cd ~/nexus3/certs/
[root@nexus3 certs]# ls
hub.jonty.top.crt hub.jonty.top.key.pem
docker-compose.yml
在~/nexus3
目录下
version: "3.7"
services:
nexus3:
image: sonatype/nexus3:3.33.1
container_name: nexus3
restart: always
privileged: true
environment:
- TZ=Asia/Shanghai
volumes:
- $PWD/data:/nexus-data
nginx:
image: nginx:1.21.1-alpine
container_name: nginx
restart: always
environment:
- TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
volumes:
- $PWD/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro # nginx配置
- $PWD/certs:/etc/nginx/certs # SSL证书
- $PWD/log:/var/log/nginx
depends_on:
- nexus3
logging:
driver: "json-file"
options:
max-size: "5g" # 限制日志大小
nginx.conf
在同目录下创建nginx.conf
,nginx
配置文件
请参考ssl
worker_processes 4;
worker_rlimit_nofile 40000;
events {
worker_connections 8192;
}
http {
upstream nexus3_http {
server nexus3:8081;
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name registry.jonty.top;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name registry.jonty.top;
# SSL
ssl_certificate /certs/registry.jonty.top/registry.jonty.top.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /certs/registry.jonty.top/registry.jonty.top.key;
client_max_body_size 5000m; # 上传大文件
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300s;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300s;
location / {
proxy_pass http://nexus3_http;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
}
}
upstream nexus_docker_get {
server nexus3:8082;
}
upstream nexus_docker_put {
server nexus3:8083;
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name hub.jonty.top;
return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name hub.jonty.top;
# 证书
ssl_certificate /certs/hub.jonty.top/hub.jonty.top.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /certs/hub.jonty.top/hub.jonty.top.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers '!aNULL:kECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+AESGCM:RSA+AESGCM:kECDH+AES:ECDH+AES:RSA+AES:';
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
client_max_body_size 5000m;
chunked_transfer_encoding on;
set $upstream "nexus_docker_put";
if ( $request_method ~* 'GET') {
set $upstream "nexus_docker_get";
}
location / {
proxy_pass http://$upstream;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_connect_timeout 3600;
proxy_send_timeout 3600;
proxy_read_timeout 3600;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_buffering off;
proxy_request_buffering off;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
}
}
}
查看目录
yum install -y tree
cd nexus3
tree -C -L 2
tree -C
运行
docker-compose up -d
Nexus初始化需要3~5min,初始化完成后可访问
使用
密码配置
查看admin
默认密码:
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# cat data/admin.password
098fb8d9-e07b-4f7f-b498-806cdce1291d
Docker存储库
创建Blob存储
创建用于存放docker
镜像文件的存储区域
创建存储库
存储库有以下三种类型:
-
proxy:表示代理仓库,请求包(package)的时候,如果本地有,它就从本地提供,如果本地没有,则从代理地址下载到本地,然后提供这个包。
-
hosted:表示托管仓库,一般用于推送开发的包到该仓库。
-
group:表示仓库组,它结合了proxy和hosted,能对外提供上述两者中的包,对外的出口
hosted:本地仓库
创建hosted
类型,用于存储本地推送的镜像
端口设置为8083
,对应nginx.conf
配置nexus_docker_put
proxy :代理仓库
代理官方源:https://registry-1.docker.io
代理阿里云私有仓库(可公开拉取):
如果代理的私有库需要授权:
group : 仓库组
端口设置为8082
,对应nginx.conf
配置nexus_docker_get
编辑组成员,根据顺序可排优先级
上传docker镜像
配置授信
使用自签名证书需要配置此步骤
sudo vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
加入以下配置
{
"insecure-registries":["https://hub.jonty.top"]
}
重启docker
sudo systemctl restart docker
docker登录私库时提示
x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
登录
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker login hub.jonty.top -u admin
Password:
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded
推送镜像
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx 1.21.1-alpine 1318bf5f63b4 10 months ago 22.8MB
sonatype/nexus3 3.33.1 a0d390a200d2 10 months ago 655MB
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker tag nginx:1.21.1-alpine hub.jonty.top/nginx:1.21.1-alpine
[root@nexus3 nexus3]# docker push hub.jonty.top/nginx:1.21.1-alpine
The push refers to repository [hub.jonty.top/nginx]
45d993692050: Pushed
1ea998b95474: Pushed
95b99a5c3767: Pushed
fc03e3cb8568: Pushed
24934e5e6c61: Pushed
e2eb06d8af82: Pushed
1.21.1-alpine: digest: sha256:bd0aa91fe6a182db22032463c17644cd2ff3bbe415e7b84964283bba687acaa6 size: 1568
拉取镜像
[root@test ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.2.xx hub.jonty.top
192.168.2.xx registry.jonty.top
[root@test ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"insecure-registries": ["https://hub.jonty.top"]
}
[root@test ~]# docker pull hub.jonty.top/mssql:2019-latest
2019-latest: Pulling from mssql
d5fd17ec1767: Already exists
cf291b38357f: Pull complete
af7e8d6f1719: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:584a7fc7e2a378bdd4e8fe3bad36dae18e85527308193cb5c43d90863d7a7d4a
Status: Downloaded newer image for hub.jonty.top/mssql:2019-latest
hub.jonty.top/mssql:2019-latest
Gitlab-CI
[root@nexus3 ~]# cat ~/.docker/config.json
{
"auths": {
"https://index.docker.io/v1/": {
"auth": "am9udHltYXg6Sm9udHlNYXgzMjE="
},
"hub.jonty.top": {
"auth": "YWRtaW46Z2N0bmV4dXMz"
}
}
}[root@nexus3 ~]#
[root@nexus3 ~]# echo -n "admin:nexus3" | base64
YWRtaW46Z2N0bmV4dXMz
CI配置:
variables:
DOCKER_AUTH_CONFIG: '{"auths": {"hub.jonty.top": {"auth": "YWRtaW46SGFyYm9yMTIzNDU="}}}'
设置匿名拉取
按需开启,开启则不需要配置以上授信部分
NuGet存储库
上传nuget包
Nexus默认已经创建好了Nuget的仓库,并且是创建了3个不同类型的仓库:nuget-group,nuget-hosted,nuget.org-proxy
添加Nuget Realms
Nexus认证Nuget是通过Realms来认证
获取仓库地址以及Nuget API Key
仓库列表>复制地址
获取NuGet API Key
推送本地NuGet包
dotnet nuget push .\abp.7.2.1.nupkg -k 238d37fc-9fae-335d-a812-29c2799d8f0e --source https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/
正在将 abp.7.2.1.nupkg 推送到 'https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/'...
PUT https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/
Created https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-hosted/ 288 毫秒
已推送包。
配置本地NuGet包源
在VS中添加了本地源
新增Nuget代理
代理公网的私有源,如Nuget、Gitlab
启用NuGet V3版本
私有源授权
添加仓库组
NuGet V3
正常访问nuget-group:
https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-group/
使用V3版本需要添加
https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-group/index.json
使用私有NuGet源
如果是代理私有库,先删除本地源
dotnet nuget list source
dotnet nuget remove source <NAME>
添加私有源
dotnet nuget add source https://registry.jonty.top/repository/nuget-group/index.json -n nexus3 -u admin -p nexus3 --store-password-in-clear-text
清空本地nuget缓存
dotnet nuget locals http-cache --clear
dotnet nuget locals global-packages --clear
当代理的源更新后,Nexus本地缓存会导致无法找到最新包,可手动清理
NPM存储库
NPM代理
官方源:
私有库授权:
NPM仓库组
使用NPM代理
配置代理
npm i --legacy-peer-deps -verbose
# 查看npm源
npm config get registry
# 注册私有源
npm config set registry https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group
# 登录私服
npm login registry="https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/"
npm cache clean --force
npm 新版本
-g
需要替换为--location=global
# 查看yarn配置
yarn config list
# 配置私有源
yarn config set registry https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/
yarn cache clean
查看密钥
查看私服密钥
[root@nexus3 ~]# cat ~/.npmrc
registry=http://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/
//registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/:_authToken=NpmToken.72b83be3-4b24-3dd1-850f-056cd78bb513
.npmrc
@delivery:registry=https://registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/
//registry.jonty.top/repository/npm-group/:_authToken=NpmToken.612e0fd9-1526-3acd-9165-4e604d49a73d
always-auth=true
DevOps
目的
主要是配合Gitlab Runner CI/CD
编译打包
效果
后端项目从平均12min
提升到3min
以内,包括拉取代码、执行还原、编译打包、推送等操作
前端项目从平均大于10min(30min也很常见)提升到7min以内,restore
速度很快,主要是build
操作缓慢,并且随着依赖增多变得更慢
使用前
使用后
搞定~
其他问题
502 Bad Gateway
配置 nexus3 时使用 http 而非 https
no basic auth credentials
需要先 docker login 登录
401 Unauthorized
docker login -u admin -p Harbor12345 hub.haifengat.com 登录时报错
参考文档:
docker登录私库时提示 x509: certificate signed by unknown authority_舟行于无涯之海的博客-CSDN博客_docker login x509