Oracle vs PG 索引信息
在Oracle中,您可以使用以下查询来获取所需的信息:
查询主键索引信息:
SELECT c.table_name, c.constraint_name AS index_name, LISTAGG(c.column_name, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY c.position) AS index_keys
FROM all_constraints c
WHERE c.constraint_type = 'P'
GROUP BY c.table_name, c.constraint_name;
查询唯一索引信息:
SELECT c.table_name, c.constraint_name AS index_name, LISTAGG(c.column_name, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY c.position) AS index_keys
FROM all_constraints c
WHERE c.constraint_type = 'U'
GROUP BY c.table_name, c.constraint_name;
查询外键约束信息:
SELECT c.table_name, c.constraint_name, c.search_condition AS constraint_definition
FROM all_constraints c
WHERE c.constraint_type = 'R';
查询约束信息:
SELECT c.table_name, c.constraint_name, c.search_condition AS constraint_definition
FROM all_constraints c;
在PostgreSQL中,您可以使用以下查询来获取所需的信息:
查询主键索引信息:
SELECT t.relname AS table_name, c.conname AS index_name, array_to_string(array_agg(a.attname), ', ') AS index_keys
FROM pg_class t
JOIN pg_constraint c ON t.oid = c.conrelid
JOIN pg_attribute a ON t.oid = a.attrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'p'
GROUP BY t.relname, c.conname;
查询唯一索引信息:
SELECT t.relname AS table_name, c.conname AS index_name, array_to_string(array_agg(a.attname), ', ') AS index_keys
FROM pg_class t
JOIN pg_constraint c ON t.oid = c.conrelid
JOIN pg_attribute a ON t.oid = a.attrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'u'
GROUP BY t.relname, c.conname;
查询外键约束信息:
SELECT t.relname AS table_name, c.conname AS constraint_name, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS constraint_definition
FROM pg_class t
JOIN pg_constraint c ON t.oid = c.conrelid
WHERE c.contype = 'f';
查询约束信息:
SELECT t.relname AS table_name, c.conname AS constraint_name, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS constraint_definition
FROM pg_class t
JOIN pg_constraint c ON t.oid = c.conrelid;
以上查询将按照表名、索引名、索引键(如果是复合索引,则会进行行转列)的格式输出所需的信息。请注意,这些查询基于Oracle和PostgreSQL的常规约定和命名规则,如果您的数据库有特定的命名规则,可能需要进行相应的调整。
在关系型数据库中,唯一索引和主键索引之间存在一定的关系。
主键索引是一种特殊的唯一索引,它用于唯一标识表中的每一行数据,并且不允许为空。主键索引的值必须是唯一的,而且对于每个表只能有一个主键索引。
唯一索引是用于确保表中某一列或一组列的值是唯一的索引。唯一索引允许空值,但对于非空值,它们必须是唯一的。
因此,可以说主键索引是唯一索引的一种特殊情况,它具有唯一性和非空性的特点。
为了在查询结果中表现出这种关系,您可以将查询语句稍作修改,添加一个字段来标识索引类型。例如,在Oracle中查询主键索引信息时,您可以使用以下查询:
SELECT c.table_name, c.constraint_name AS index_name, LISTAGG(c.column_name, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY c.position) AS index_keys, 'Primary Key' AS index_type
FROM all_constraints c
WHERE c.constraint_type = 'P'
GROUP BY c.table_name, c.constraint_name;
而在查询唯一索引信息时,可以使用以下查询:
SELECT c.table_name, c.constraint_name AS index_name, LISTAGG(c.column_name, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY c.position) AS index_keys, 'Unique Index' AS index_type
FROM all_constraints c
WHERE c.constraint_type = 'U'
GROUP BY c.table_name, c.constraint_name;
类似地,在PostgreSQL中查询主键索引和唯一索引信息时,可以在查询结果中添加一个字段来标识索引类型。
这样,查询结果中的每一行将包含表名、索引名、索引键以及索引类型,以准确反映主键索引和唯一索引之间的关系。