关于maven依赖中的<scope>provided</scope>使用
今天开发web的时候,需要用到servlet-api,于是在pom.xml中添加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> </dependency>
通过插件启动tomcat的时候,报错,里面有一段是这样的:
Caused by: java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation: loader (instance of org/apache/catalina/loader/WebappClassLoader) previously initiated loading for a different type with name "javax/servlet/ServletContext" at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142) at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:449) at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:71) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
产生的原因是:tomcat中也有servlet-api包,这样,发生了冲突
解决方法:添加<scope>provided</scope>,因为provided表明该包只在编译和测试的时候用,所以,当启动tomcat的时候,就不会冲突了,完整依赖如下:
<dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>