Valgrind安装与使用
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下载:https://www.valgrind.org/docs/manual/manual-core.html#manual-core.started
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解压
tar -xjvf valgrind-3.16.0.tar.bz2
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安装
cd valgrind-3.16.0/ ./autogen.sh ./configure make sudo make install
可能需要先安装:
sudo apt-get install autotools-dev sudo apt-get install automake
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使用
程序:
a.c
#include <stdlib.h> void f(void) { int* x = malloc(10 * sizeof(int)); x[10] = 0; // problem 1: heap block overrun } // problem 2: memory leak -- x not freed int main(void) { f(); return 0; }
运行:
gcc -g -o a a.c valgrind --leak-check=yes ./a
输出:
==13545== Memcheck, a memory error detector ==13545== Copyright (C) 2002-2017, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al. ==13545== Using Valgrind-3.16.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info ==13545== Command: ./a ==13545== ==13545== error calling PR_SET_PTRACER, vgdb might block ==13545== Invalid write of size 4 ==13545== at 0x108668: f (a.c:6) # 第6行非法写入,一共是10个元素的int数组,却对x[10]写入 ==13545== by 0x108679: main (a.c:11) ==13545== Address 0x522e068 is 0 bytes after a block of size 40 alloc'd ==13545== at 0x4C2FECB: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:307) ==13545== by 0x10865B: f (a.c:5) ==13545== by 0x108679: main (a.c:11) ==13545== ==13545== ==13545== HEAP SUMMARY: # 检查出问题 ==13545== in use at exit: 40 bytes in 1 blocks ==13545== total heap usage: 1 allocs, 0 frees, 40 bytes allocated ==13545== ==13545== 40 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 1 # 肯定丢失 ==13545== at 0x4C2FECB: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:307) ==13545== by 0x10865B: f (a.c:5) ==13545== by 0x108679: main (a.c:11) ==13545== ==13545== LEAK SUMMARY: # 内存泄漏 ==13545== definitely lost: 40 bytes in 1 blocks # 肯定丢失的部分,需要处理 ==13545== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==13545== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==13545== still reachable: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==13545== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks ==13545== ==13545== For lists of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -s ==13545== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
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