将数据从XML文件导入和处理到SQL Server表中

使用OPENROWSET从XML文件导入XML数据

我有一个从FTP位置下载到本地文件夹的XML文件，该XML文件中的数据如下所示。

现在，为了将数据从XML文件导入到SQL Server中的表中，我正在使用OPENROWSET函数，如下所示。

在下面的脚本中，我首先创建一个带有一列数据类型为XML的表，然后使用OPENROWSET函数通过指定XML文件的文件位置和名称从文件中读取XML数据，如下所示： 

CREATE DATABASE OPENXMLTesting
GO

USE OPENXMLTesting
GO

CREATE TABLE XMLwithOpenXML
(
Id INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
XMLData XML,
LoadedDateTime DATETIME
)

INSERT INTO XMLwithOpenXML(XMLData, LoadedDateTime)
SELECT CONVERT(XML, BulkColumn) AS BulkColumn, GETDATE() 
FROM OPENROWSET(BULK 'D:\OpenXMLTesting.xml', SINGLE_BLOB) AS x;

SELECT * FROM XMLwithOpenXML

查询导入了XML数据的表时，它看起来像这样。XMLData列是XML数据类型，它将输出超链接，如下所示：

单击上图中的超链接，将在SSMS中打开另一个选项卡，其中显示XML数据，如下所示。

<ROOT>
  <Customers>
    <Customer CustomerName="Arshad Ali" CustomerID="C001">
      <Orders>
        <Order OrderDate="2012-07-04T00:00:00" OrderID="10248">
          <OrderDetail Quantity="5" ProductID="10" />
          <OrderDetail Quantity="12" ProductID="11" />
          <OrderDetail Quantity="10" ProductID="42" />
        </Order>
      </Orders>
      <Address> Address line 1, 2, 3</Address>
    </Customer>
    <Customer CustomerName="Paul Henriot" CustomerID="C002">
      <Orders>
        <Order OrderDate="2011-07-04T00:00:00" OrderID="10245">
          <OrderDetail Quantity="12" ProductID="11" />
          <OrderDetail Quantity="10" ProductID="42" />
        </Order>
      </Orders>
      <Address> Address line 5, 6, 7</Address>
    </Customer>
    <Customer CustomerName="Carlos Gonzlez" CustomerID="C003">
      <Orders>
        <Order OrderDate="2012-08-16T00:00:00" OrderID="10283">
          <OrderDetail Quantity="3" ProductID="72" />
        </Order>
      </Orders>
      <Address> Address line 1, 4, 5</Address>
    </Customer>
  </Customers>
</ROOT>

使用OPENXML函数处理XML数据

USE OPENXMLTesting
GO

DECLARE @XML AS XML, @hDoc AS INT, @SQL NVARCHAR (MAX)

SELECT @XML = XMLData FROM XMLwithOpenXML

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @hDoc OUTPUT, @XML

SELECT CustomerID, CustomerName, Address
FROM OPENXML(@hDoc, 'ROOT/Customers/Customer')
WITH 
(
CustomerID [varchar](50) '@CustomerID',
CustomerName [varchar](100) '@CustomerName',
Address [varchar](100) 'Address'
)

EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @hDoc
GO

如果要导航回父级或祖级父级并从那里获取数据，则需要使用“ ../”读取父级数据，并使用“ ../../”读取祖级父级数据

USE OPENXMLTesting
GO

DECLARE @XML AS XML, @hDoc AS INT, @SQL NVARCHAR (MAX)

SELECT @XML = XMLData FROM XMLwithOpenXML

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @hDoc OUTPUT, @XML

SELECT CustomerID, CustomerName, Address, OrderID, OrderDate
FROM OPENXML(@hDoc, 'ROOT/Customers/Customer/Orders/Order')
WITH 
(
CustomerID [varchar](50) '../../@CustomerID',
CustomerName [varchar](100) '../../@CustomerName',
Address [varchar](100) '../../Address',
OrderID [varchar](1000) '@OrderID',
OrderDate datetime '@OrderDate'
)

EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @hDoc
GO

USE OPENXMLTesting
GO

DECLARE @XML AS XML, @hDoc AS INT, @SQL NVARCHAR (MAX)

SELECT @XML = XMLData FROM XMLwithOpenXML

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @hDoc OUTPUT, @XML

SELECT CustomerID, CustomerName, Address, OrderID, OrderDate, ProductID, Quantity
FROM OPENXML(@hDoc, 'ROOT/Customers/Customer/Orders/Order/OrderDetail')
WITH 
(
CustomerID [varchar](50) '../../../@CustomerID',
CustomerName [varchar](100) '../../../@CustomerName',
Address [varchar](100) '../../../Address',
OrderID [varchar](1000) '../@OrderID',
OrderDate datetime '../@OrderDate',
ProductID [varchar](50) '@ProductID',
Quantity int '@Quantity'
)

EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @hDoc
GO