C++实现顺序查找,折半查找,插值查找

1.顺序查找

从数组起始扫描到数组结尾,判断该索引数组是否和关键字相等,成功返回1

代码如下:

//顺序查找
int seqSearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key)
{
    for (int i = low; i < high; i++)
    {
        if (array[i] == key)
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}

2.折半查找

适用于有序数组

不停地抛弃掉一半的结点,例子如下

我们要查找key=4的结点,获取中间值mid,mid=(low+high)/2,所以mid=(1+7)/2=4,发现4小于10,则可以锁定key的位置在mid的左侧,此时使mid减一

mid=(1+3)/2=2,我们发现4依然小于8,则锁定key的区域在mid左边,mid再减一

此时low=high=1,所以mid=1,以mid为索引的数组正好等于4,找到key,返回成功

代码如下:

//折半查找(只适用于已经排序好的)
int binarySearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key)
{
    while (low <= high)
    {
        //从中间划分
        //mid如果不是整数,则直接向下取整,不会影响查找结果
        int mid = (low + high) / 2;
        //正好是中间这个数
        if (key == array[mid])
            return mid;
        //数比中间的数大,则在后半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else if (key > array[mid])
            low = mid + 1;
        //数比中间的数小,则在前半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else
            high = mid - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}

 

3.插值查找

适用于有序数组

优化中点mid的选择,逻辑和折半查找一致,以更科学的mid点划分左右区域

//插值查找(只适用于已经排序好的)
//和折半查找逻辑一致,修改了mid值
int interpolationSearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key)
{
    while (low <= high)
    {
        //优化中间值
        int mid = low+(key-array[low])/(array[high]-array[low])*(high - low-1);
        //正好是中间这个数
        if (key == array[mid])
            return mid;
        //数比中间的数大,则在下半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else if (key > array[mid])
            low = mid + 1;
        //数比中间的数小,则在上半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else
            high = mid - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}

4.代码汇总+测试

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int seqSearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key);
int binarySearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key);
int interpolationSearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key);

int main(void)
{
    int * array = new int[100];
    int low = 1;
    int high = 7;
    array[1] = 4;
    array[2] = 8;
    array[3] = 9;
    array[4] = 10;
    array[5] = 11;
    array[6] = 13;
    array[7] = 19;
    int seqResult = seqSearch(array,low,high,4);
    cout << "顺序查找结果是:" << seqResult << endl;
    int binaryResult = binarySearch(array, low, high,8);
    cout << "折半查找结果是:" << binaryResult << endl;
    int interpolationResult = interpolationSearch(array, low, high, 13);
    cout << "插值查找结果是:" << interpolationResult << endl;

    delete array;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

//顺序查找
int seqSearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key)
{
    for (int i = low; i < high; i++)
    {
        if (array[i] == key)
            return i;
    }
    return -1;
}

//折半查找(只适用于已经排序好的)
int binarySearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key)
{
    //0 3 5 6 9 11 13 15
    while (low <= high)
    {
        //从中间划分
        //mid如果不是整数,则直接向下取整,不会影响查找结果
        int mid = (low + high) / 2;
        //正好是中间这个数
        if (key == array[mid])
            return mid;
        //数比中间的数大,则在后半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else if (key > array[mid])
            low = mid + 1;
        //数比中间的数小,则在前半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else
            high = mid - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}

//插值查找(只适用于已经排序好的)
//和折半查找逻辑一致,修改了mid值
int interpolationSearch(int *array, int low, int high, int key)
{
    //0 3 5 6 9 11 13 15
    while (low <= high)
    {
        //优化中间值
        int mid = low+(key-array[low])/(array[high]-array[low])*(high - low-1);
        //正好是中间这个数
        if (key == array[mid])
            return mid;
        //数比中间的数大,则在下半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else if (key > array[mid])
            low = mid + 1;
        //数比中间的数小,则在上半部分再切一刀缩小范围
        else
            high = mid - 1;
    }
    return -1;
}

 

posted @ 2018-11-19 15:45  Rest探路者  阅读(2990)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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