centos部署nginx服务

本文基于centos7部署nginx -1.26.1

1.下载包

下载的包名为nginx-1.26.1.tar.gz，上传到服务器上

2.安装

2.1 安装依赖

yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

2.2 解压nginx

tar –xvf nginx-1.26.1.tar.gz

2.3 安装nginx

# 进入解压后的文件
cd nginx-1.26.1
# 检查
./configure
# 编译
make
# 安装
make install

结束后，nginx就被安装在/usr/local/nginx路径下了，

3.启动nginx

# 进入nginx安装目录
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
# 启动nginx服务
./nginx

用ps -aux | grep nginx查看nginx是否运行，出现下例证明成功运行

[root@localhost nginx-1.26.1]# ps -aux | grep nginx
root      4027  0.0  0.0 112812   972 pts/0    S+   10:50   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
root     14367  0.0  0.0  20724  1348 ?        Ss   10:22   0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx
nobody   15692  0.0  0.0  21148  1428 ?        S    10:25   0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody   15693  0.0  0.0  21148  1428 ?        S    10:25   0:00 nginx: worker process

在浏览器的地址栏输入centos的ip就可以看到nginx的欢迎界面了

⚠️ 有时访问nginx会不成功，可能是因为防火墙，关闭centos的防火墙（生产环境不建议这样做）
systemctl stop firewalld.service
其他nginx命令
# 停止服务
./nginx -s stop
# 重载配置
./nginx -s reload

将nginx配置为系统服务

在 /etc/systemd/system/ 目录下创建一个新的服务文件 nginx.service，授权 chmod +x nginx.service，打开此文件并填入下述代码

[Unit]
Description=Nginx HTTP Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重载systemd文件

systemctl daemon-reload

命令

# 启动nginx服务
systemctl start nginx
# 停止服务
systemctl stop nginx
# 查看状态
systemctl status nginx

查看状态(systemctl status nginx)为如下则成功

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - Nginx HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-06-17 11:20:03 EDT; 8s ago
  Process: 14896 ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 14897 (nginx)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
           ├─14897 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
           └─14898 nginx: worker process

Jun 17 11:20:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Nginx HTTP Server...
Jun 17 11:20:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Nginx HTTP Server.

如果出现了

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - Nginx HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2024-06-17 11:12:42 EDT; 6min ago
  Process: 12211 ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Jun 17 11:12:39 localhost.localdomain nginx[12211]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jun 17 11:12:40 localhost.localdomain nginx[12211]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jun 17 11:12:40 localhost.localdomain nginx[12211]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jun 17 11:12:41 localhost.localdomain nginx[12211]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jun 17 11:12:41 localhost.localdomain nginx[12211]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jun 17 11:12:42 localhost.localdomain nginx[12211]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
Jun 17 11:12:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: nginx.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Jun 17 11:12:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Nginx HTTP Server.
Jun 17 11:12:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit nginx.service entered failed state.
Jun 17 11:12:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: nginx.service failed.