Redhat7.4安装mysql-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar重要步骤详解

其他版本下载地址 

1、到MySQL官网下载，直接点击No thanks, just start my download.下载即可

2、下载后，上传到服务器上，开始安装步骤

3、解压安装包：tar -xvf mysql-8.0.18-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

4、安装顺序：common --> libs --> client --> server --> devel。(devel可不装)安装命令：rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

当提示“mariadb-libs 被 mysql-community-libs-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 取代”，是lib和系统自带的冲突，删除后继续：yum remove mysql-libs -y

依赖缺失时“net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-8.0.15-1.el7.x86_64 需要”，直接安装缺失的依赖：yum install net-tools -y

5、找到密码、登陆、修改密码

找到安装日志：/var/log/mysqld.log
查看日志中的密码：0waB,#p6&2FH
[root@tts log]# cat mysqld.log 
2019-11-08T07:07:16.206958Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.18) initializing of server in progress as process 118997
2019-11-08T07:07:28.928232Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 0waB,#p6&2FH

6、重启MySQL服务：service mysqld restart 或者 /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service（这里没有设置，只能用第二个方法启动）

7、登陆：mysql -u root -p，密码是前面查看日志得到的  0waB,#p6&2FH

8、修改密码：mysql>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz@WSX'；

如果提示“Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements”，而自己又不想设置那么复杂的密码，看最后步骤修改密码校验。在这里设置密码校验的话，flush privileges;会重置原先从状态。
注意：
现有ALTER USER命令，把默认密码修改成符合MySQL的密码规则，然后，再到最后一步执行那三条命令，然后再用ALTER USER命令修改自己想要的密码即可。
友情提示：
密码简单会危害安全！！！

9、开放所有ip地址都能访问：mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '1qaz@WSX';

1qaz@WSX是你自己设置的密码，若执行开放指定ip能访问，把%换成ip地址。

10、修改加密方式：ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '1qaz@WSX';

MySQL默认是caching_sha2_password

11、开放防火墙端口

查看防火墙开放的端口。firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
开启防火墙端口3306：firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

12、刷新权限，验证数据库能否正常使用

mysql> flush privileges;                   //刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | authentication_string                                                  | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | *58319282EAB9E38D49CA25844B73DA62C80C2ABC                              | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root             | $A$005$]%*L`u W^3z'6J1gPpSwRHxYVZNCfg6Z4cVY7XVYaZ92e.u0U0YmCmhveiz2 | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
80/tcp 8080/tcp 8081/tcp 8761/tcp
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
80/tcp 8080/tcp 3306/tcp 8081/tcp 8761/tcp

13、远程连接数据库授权

创建数据库：CREATE SCHEMA `dyh` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci；
授权远程连接：grant all on dyh.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '1qaz@WSX' with grant option;
如果在客户端创建表时报错："Error 1142: CREATE command denied to user 'root'@'192.168.85.1' for table 'test_table'"，查看user表中'root'@'%'没有grant的权限：select Grant_priv,Super_priv from user where user = 'root' and host = '%';(如果你是指定的IP权限，这里的%换成指定的IP)，结果改为“Y”，我是设置全部为“Y”，建议不要

mysql> CREATE SCHEMA `dyh` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| dyh                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> grant all on dyh.* to 'root'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%';        
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> update mysql.user set Grant_priv='Y',Super_priv='Y' ;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 5  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0
 
mysql> select host,Grant_priv,Super_priv from mysql.user ;
+-----------+------------+------------+
| host      | Grant_priv | Super_priv |
+-----------+------------+------------+
| %         | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
| localhost | Y          | Y          |
+-----------+------------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service


可以访问你的远程操作数据库了

附录：

设置登陆密码的复杂度。在设置登陆密码时，总会提示：“Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements”。

首先查看密码规则： SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; 
length设置：set global validate_password.length=4;
policy设置：set global validate_password.policy=0;

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; 
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> set global validate_password.length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; 
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password.length             | 4     |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password.policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)