python之字典操作
1.字典的增操作(三种)
- dic[key] = value 直接添加,如已存在对应的key,则修改相应的value
- D.setdefault(k,d]) return D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D
- D.update(**F) upadate D: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]
2.字典的删操作(四种)
- pop(key): remove key-value and return value in dict.
- popitem(): remove random key-value and return value in dict.
- del: delete dict or dic[key] using del
- clear(): remove all key-value from dict
3.字典的改操作(两种)
- dic[key] = value 直接添加,如已存在对应的key,则修改相应的value
- D.update(**F) upadate D: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]
4.字典的查操作(两种)
- dic[key] using dic[key] directly,Raise a KeyError if key not in dic
- get(key) return dic[key] if key in dic,otherwise return None
5.特殊方法(三种)
- keys()
- values()
- items()
dic = {"4": "6464", True: False} # 1.keys print(dic.keys()) # 2.values print(dic.values()) # 3.items print(dic.items()) for keys, values in dic.items(): print(keys, values)
结果:
--dict_keys(['4', True])
--dict_values(['6464', False])
--dict_items([('4', '6464'), (True, False)])
--4 6464
--True False
6*.fromkeys()
fromkeys(seq[, value]):Returns a new dict with keys from iterable and values equal to value.
- seq -- 字典键值列表。
- value -- 可选参数, 设置键序列(seq)的值。
seq = ('Google', 'Runoob', 'Taobao') dict = dict.fromkeys(seq) print(dict) --{'Google': None, 'Runoob': None, 'Taobao': None} dict = dict.fromkeys(seq, 10) --{'Google': 10, 'Taobao': 10, 'Runoob': 10}
seq = ["a", "b", "c", "d"] value = [1, 2] dict = dict.fromkeys(seq, value) print(dict) --{'a': [1, 2], 'b': [1, 2], 'c': [1, 2], 'd': [1, 2]} dict["a"].append(3) print(dict) --{'a': [1, 2, 3], 'b': [1, 2, 3], 'c': [1, 2, 3], 'd': [1, 2, 3]}