PowerShell: 如何获取和修改文件或文件夹的访问权限
获取文件或文件夹访问权限:
Get-Acl -Path <File or Folder Path> | Format-List
修改文件访问权限:
修改文件访问权限需要用到Set-Acl命令,使用-Path参数指定要修改的文件路径,使用-AclObject参数指定一个对象,该对象相当于一个ACL模板,此ACL模板指定了用户访问资源的权限设定。该对象的设定需要调用"System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule"类。
1: $account = "test01win2k8r2\test"
2: $FileSystemRights = "FullControl"
3: $objType = [System.Security.AccessControl.AccessControlType]::Allow
4:
5: $accessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule ($account,$FileSystemRights,$objType)
6: $Folder = "W:\Test\test.txt"
7: $acl = Get-Acl $Folder
8: $acl.SetAccessRule($accessRule)
9:
10: Set-Acl -Path $Folder -AclObject $acl
还可以通过Get-Acl获取一个文件的访问权限,然后修改另一文件使其具有同样的访问权限:
Get-Acl "W:\Test\test01.txt" | Set-Acl -Path "W:\Test\test02.txt"
修改文件夹访问权限:
与修改文件访问权限类似,同样应用Set-Acl命令,只是在调用FileSystemAccessRule时可以多指定参数InheritanceFlags和PropagationFlags来指定访问权限的设定是否被子文件或子文件夹继承:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.security.accesscontrol.inheritanceflags.aspx
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.security.accesscontrol.propagationflags.aspx
1: $account = "test01win2k8r2\test"
2: $FileSystemRights = "FullControl"
3: $InheritanceFlag = [System.Security.AccessControl.InheritanceFlags]::ObjectInherit
4: $PropagationFlag = [System.Security.AccessControl.PropagationFlags]::None
5: $objType = [System.Security.AccessControl.AccessControlType]::Allow
6:
7: $accessRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule ($account,$FileSystemRights,$InheritanceFlag,$PropagationFlag,$objType)
8: $Folder = "W:\Test\"
9: $acl = Get-Acl $Folder
10: $acl.SetAccessRule($accessRule)
11:
12: Set-Acl -Path $Folder -AclObject $acl
参数InheritanceFlags和PropagationFlags的影响矩阵如下表:
http://camillelemouellic.blog.com/files/2011/07/02-Inheritance.png
Examples:
PowerShell相关:
C#相关:
参考文献:
About "Get-Acl":
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh849802.aspx
About "Set-Acl":
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh849810.aspx
About "FileSystemAccessRule" Class: