C#操作音频
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此项目需求是针对.wav格式音频进行操作,转换成相应的.mp3格式的音频文件,对音频进行切割,最后以需求的形式输出,此篇会回顾运用到的一些知识点。
1.MDI子窗口的建立:
首先一个窗体能够创建多个MDI窗体,应当将IsMDIContainer属性设为true;以下为效果图:
控制窗体切换的是一个DotNetBar.TabStrip控件,style属性为Office2007Document,TabLayOutType:FixedWithNavigationBox
创建窗体的代码如下:
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 创建MDI子窗体类 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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class CreateMDIWindow |
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{ |
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 当前程序的主窗体对象 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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public static Form MainForm { get ; set ; } |
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|
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 创建子窗口 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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/// |
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<TYPEPARAM name= "T" > 窗口类型 |
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</TYPEPARAM> |
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public static void CreateChildWindow |
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<T> () where T : Form, new () |
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// where 子句还可以包括构造函数约束。 可以使用 new 运算符创建类型参数的实例;但类型参数为此必须受构造函数约束 |
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// new() 的约束。 new() 约束可以让编译器知道:提供的任何类型参数都必须具有可访问的无参数(或默认)构造函数。 |
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{ |
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T form = null ; |
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|
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var childForms = MainForm.MdiChildren; |
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//遍历窗体 |
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foreach (Form f in childForms) |
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{ |
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if (f is T) |
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{ |
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form = f as T; |
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break ; |
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} |
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} |
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//如果没有,则创建 |
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if (form == null ) |
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{ |
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//新建窗体 |
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form = new T(); |
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//设定窗体的图标 |
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form.Icon = System.Drawing.Icon.FromHandle(Properties.Resources.MainIcon.GetHicon()); |
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//设定窗体的主图标 |
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form.MdiParent = MainForm; |
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//设定窗体的边框类型 |
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form.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedToolWindow; |
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} |
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//窗口如何显示 |
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form.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized; |
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form.Show(); |
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} |
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} |
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</T> |
前台点击按钮调用代码:CreateMDIWindow.CreateChildWindow (); <>里为窗体的名称。
2.序列化与反序列化:
当一个系统你有默认的工作目录,默认的文件保存路径,且这些数据时唯一的,你希望每次打开软件都会显示这些数据,也可以更新这些数据,可以使用序列化与反序列化。
我们以项目存储根目录和选择项目为例:
代码如下:
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[Serializable] |
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public class UserSetting |
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{ |
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 序列化存储路径 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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private string FilePath{ get { return Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "User.data" ); } } |
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|
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 音频资源存储目录 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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public string AudioResourceFolder { get ; set ; } |
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|
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 项目名称 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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public string Solution { get ; set ; } |
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|
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 构造函数,创建序列化存储文件 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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public UserSetting() |
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{ |
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if (!File.Exists(FilePath)) |
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{ |
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FileStream fs = File.Create(FilePath); |
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fs.Close(); //不关闭文件流,首次创建该文件后不能被使用买现成会被占用 |
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} |
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} |
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|
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 通过反序列化方法,获得保存的数据 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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public UserSetting ReadUserSetting() |
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{ |
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using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(FilePath, FileMode.Open,FileAccess.Read)) |
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{ |
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object ob = null ; |
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if (fs.Length > 0) |
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{ |
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SoapFormatter sf = new SoapFormatter(); |
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ob = sf.Deserialize(fs); |
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} |
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return ob as UserSetting; |
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} |
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} |
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|
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 通过序列化方式,保存数据 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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public void SaveUserSetting( object obj) |
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{ |
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using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(FilePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write)) |
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{ |
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SoapFormatter sf = new SoapFormatter(); |
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sf.Serialize(fs,obj); |
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} |
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} |
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|
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} |
3.Datagridview动态生成:
根据设置的楼层生成相应楼层带button按钮的datagridview,并且每层按钮为每层选定选择音乐,代码如下:
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 绑定楼层音乐属性 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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private void BindData( int elevatorLow, int number) |
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{ |
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try |
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{ |
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DataTable list = new DataTable(); |
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list.Columns.Clear(); |
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list.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( "name" , typeof ( string ))); |
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list.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( "musicPath" , typeof ( string ))); |
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for ( int i =0; i < number; i++) |
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{ |
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//不包括楼层0层 |
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if (elevatorLow != 0) |
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{ |
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list.Rows.Add(list.NewRow()); |
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list.Rows[i][0] = elevatorLow; |
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} |
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else { i--; } |
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elevatorLow++; |
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} |
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dataGridViewX1.DataSource = list; |
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} |
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catch (Exception ex) |
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{ MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } |
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} |
选择音乐按钮事件:
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private void dataGridViewX1_CellContentClick( object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e) |
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{ |
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try |
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{ |
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//点击选择按钮触发的事件 |
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if (e.RowIndex >= 0) |
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{ |
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DataGridViewColumn column = dataGridViewX1.Columns[e.ColumnIndex]; |
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if (column is DataGridViewButtonColumn) |
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{ |
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OpenFileDialog openMusic = new OpenFileDialog(); |
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openMusic.AddExtension = true ; |
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openMusic.Multiselect = true ; |
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openMusic.Filter = "MP3文件(*.mp3)|*mp3" ; |
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if (openMusic.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) |
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{ |
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dataGridViewX1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[2].Value = Path.GetFileName(openMusic.FileName); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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catch (Exception ex) |
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{ MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } |
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} |
4.获得音乐文件属性:
使用Shellclass获得文件属性可以参考 点击打开链接
代码如下:
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 获得音乐长度 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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/// <PARAM name="filePath" />文件的完整路径 |
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public static string [] GetMP3Time( string filePath) |
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{ |
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string dirName = Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath); |
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string SongName = Path.GetFileName(filePath); //获得歌曲名称 |
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ShellClass sh = new ShellClass(); |
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Folder dir = sh.NameSpace(dirName); |
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FolderItem item = dir.ParseName(SongName); |
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string SongTime = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 27); //27为获得歌曲持续时间 ,28为获得音乐速率,1为获得音乐文件大小 |
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string [] time = Regex.Split(SongTime, ":" ); |
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return time; |
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} |
5.音频操作:
音频的操作用的fmpeg.exe ,下载地址
fmpeg放在bin目录下,代码如下:
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/// <SUMMARY> |
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/// 转换函数 |
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/// </SUMMARY> |
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/// <PARAM name="exe" />ffmpeg程序 |
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/// <PARAM name="arg" />执行参数 |
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public static void ExcuteProcess( string exe, string arg) |
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{ |
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using (var p = new Process()) |
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{ |
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p.StartInfo.FileName = exe; |
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p.StartInfo.Arguments = arg; |
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p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false ; //输出信息重定向 |
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p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true ; |
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p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true ; |
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p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true ; |
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p.Start(); //启动线程 |
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p.BeginOutputReadLine(); |
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p.BeginErrorReadLine(); |
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p.WaitForExit(); //等待进程结束 |
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} |
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} |
音频转换的代码如下:
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private void btnConvert_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) |
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{ |
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//转换MP3 |
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if (txtMp3Music.Text != "" ) |
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{ |
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string fromMusic = Statics.Setting.AudioResourceFolder + "\\" + Statics.Setting.Solution+ "\\" + cobFolders.Text + "\\" + txtMusic.Text; //转换音乐路径 |
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string toMusic = Statics.Setting.AudioResourceFolder + "\\" + Statics.Setting.Solution+ "\\" + cobFolders.Text + "\\" + txtMp3Music.Text; //转换后音乐路径 |
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int bitrate = Convert.ToInt32(cobBitRate.Text) * 1000; //恒定码率 |
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string Hz = cobHz.Text; //采样频率 |
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|
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try |
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{ |
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MP3Convertion.ExcuteProcess( "ffmpeg.exe" , "-y -ab " + bitrate + " -ar " + Hz + " -i \"" + fromMusic + "\" \"" + toMusic + "\"" ); |
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if (cbRetain.Checked == false ) |
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{ |
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File.Delete(fromMusic); |
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BindList(); |
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} |
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else |
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{ |
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foreach (ListViewItem lt in listMusics.Items) |
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{ |
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if (lt.Text == txtMusic.Text) |
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{ |
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listMusics.Items.Remove(lt); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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|
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//转换完成 |
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MessageBox.Show( "转换完成" ); |
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txtMusic.Text = "" ; |
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txtMp3Music.Text = "" ; |
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} |
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catch (Exception ex) |
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{ MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); } |
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} |
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else |
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{ |
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MessageBox.Show( "请选择你要转换的音乐" ); |
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} |
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} |
音频切割的代码如下:
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private void btnCut_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) |
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{ |
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SaveFileDialog saveMusic = new SaveFileDialog(); |
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saveMusic.Title = "选择音乐文件存放的位置" ; |
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saveMusic.DefaultExt = ".mp3" ; |
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saveMusic.InitialDirectory = Statics.Setting.AudioResourceFolder + "\\" + Statics.Setting.Solution+ "\\" + cobFolders.Text; |
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string fromPath = Statics.Setting.AudioResourceFolder + "\\" + Statics.Setting.Solution + "\\" + cobFolders.Text + "\\" + txtMusic.Text; //要切割音乐的物理路径 |
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string startTime = string .Format( "0:{0}:{1}" , txtBeginM.Text, txtBeginS.Text).Trim(); //歌曲起始时间 |
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int duration = (Convert.ToInt32( this .txtEndM.Text) * 60 + Convert.ToInt32( this .txtEndS.Text)) - (Convert.ToInt32( this .txtBeginM.Text) * 60 + Convert.ToInt32( this .txtBeginS.Text)); |
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string endTime = string .Format( "0:{0}:{1}" , duration / 60, duration % 60); //endTime是持续的时间,不是歌曲结束的时间 |
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if (saveMusic.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK) |
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{ |
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string savePath = saveMusic.FileName; //切割后音乐保存的物理路径 |
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try |
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{ |
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MP3Convertion.ExcuteProcess( "ffmpeg.exe" , "-y -i \"" + fromPath + "\" -ss " + startTime + " -t " + endTime + " -acodec copy \"" + savePath+ "\"" ); //-acodec copy表示歌曲的码率和采样频率均与前者相同 |
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MessageBox.Show( "已切割完成" ); |
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} |
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catch (Exception ex) |
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{ |
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MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString()); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
切割音频操作系统的知识点就总结道这了,就是fmpeg的应用。