OC-字典&数组运用实例:通讯录的实现
需求实现:
一、定义联系⼈类ContactPerson
实例变量：姓名、性别、电话号码、住址、分组名称。
方法：初始化⽅方法（姓名、电话号码）、显⽰示联系⼈信息
二、定义AddressBook类, 封装以下功能, 类中定义一个实例变量可变数组，管理所有联系人, 通讯录具有以下功能:
1, 可以添加新联系⼈对象，如果姓名或电话号码为空，打印添加失败。
2、根据电话号码搜索联系⼈
3、获取所有某性联系⼈
4、根据姓名删除联系⼈
5、展⽰示通讯录中所有联系
6. 删除某分组的所有联系人
ContactPerson类的声明:用于声明人的对象
@interface ContactPerson : NSObject //一、定义联系⼈类ContactPerson //实例变量：姓名、性别、电话号码、住址、分组名称。 //方法：初始化⽅方法（姓名、电话号码）、显⽰示联系⼈信息 { NSString * _name; NSString * _sex; NSString * _phonenumber; NSString * _adress; NSString * _group; } - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)name sex:(NSString *)sex phonenumber:(NSString *)phonenumber adress:(NSString *)adress; - (NSString *)group; - (NSString *)name; - (NSString *)phonenumber; - (NSString *)sex; @end
ContactPerson类的实现:1.初始化⽅方法 2.set/get 方法 3.重写%@函数
#import "ContactPerson.h" @implementation ContactPerson - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)name sex:(NSString *)sex phonenumber:(NSString *)phonenumber adress:(NSString *)adress { self = [super init]; if (self) { _name = name; _sex = sex; _phonenumber = phonenumber; _adress = adress; } //判断首字母,给组名称赋值 if ([name length] > 0 ) { NSString * firstname = [name substringToIndex:1]; _group = [firstname uppercaseString]; } // NSLog(@"%@",_group); return self; } - (NSString *)group { return _group; } - (NSString *)name { return _name; } - (NSString *)phonenumber { return _phonenumber; } - (NSString *)sex { return _sex; } - (NSString *)description { return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name:%@ sex:%@ phonenumber:%@ adress:%@ group:%@",_name,_sex,_phonenumber,_adress,_group]; }
AddressBook类的声明:1, 可以添加新联系⼈对象，如果姓名或电话号码为空，打印添加失败。 2、根据电话号码搜索联系⼈ 3、获取所有某性联系⼈ 4、根据姓名删除联系⼈ 5、展⽰示通讯录中所有联系 6. 删除某分组的所有联系人
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @class ContactPerson; @interface AddressBook : NSObject { //创建一个字典存储数据 NSMutableDictionary * _dic; } - (BOOL)addPerson:(ContactPerson *)person; - (ContactPerson *)searchPersonByphoneNumber:(NSString *)phonenumber; - (NSArray *)searchPersonBysex:(NSString *)sex; - (BOOL)deleteByname:(NSString *)name; - (BOOL)deleteByGroup:(NSString *)group; - (void)showAll; @end
AddressBook类实现:
#import "AddressBook.h" #import "ContactPerson.h" @implementation AddressBook //重写init方法,初始化字典 - (id)init { self = [super init]; _dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1]; if (self) { for (int i = 65; i < 91 ; i++) { NSString * key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",i]; [_dic setValue:[[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:1] forKey:key]; } } // NSLog(@"%@",_dic); return self; } - (BOOL)addPerson:(ContactPerson *)person { BOOL isAdd = NO; if ([[person name] length] == 0 || [[person phonenumber] length] == 0) { NSLog(@"姓名或者电话号码为空! 添加失败!"); } else { for (int i = 0; i < [_dic count]; i++) { NSString * key = [[_dic allKeys] objectAtIndex:i]; if ([[person group] isEqualToString:key]) { [[_dic objectForKey:key] addObject:person]; isAdd = YES; } } } return isAdd; } - (ContactPerson *)searchPersonByphoneNumber:(NSString *)phonenumber { BOOL isExist = NO; if ([phonenumber length] == 0) { NSLog(@"空号码!"); return nil; } else { for (int i = 0; i < [_dic count]; i++) { NSString * key = [[_dic allKeys] objectAtIndex:i]; for (int j = 0; j < [[_dic objectForKey:key] count]; j++) { if ([[[[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j] phonenumber] isEqualToString:phonenumber]) { isExist = YES; return [[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j]; } } } } if (isExist == NO) { NSLog(@"电话号码不存在"); } return nil; } - (NSArray *)searchPersonBysex:(NSString *)sex { NSMutableArray * personArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:1]; if ([sex length] == 0) { NSLog(@"性别为空"); } else { for (int i = 0; i < [_dic count]; i ++) { NSString * key = [[_dic allKeys] objectAtIndex:i]; for (int j = 0; j < [[_dic objectForKey:key] count]; j++) { if ([[[[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j] sex] isEqualToString:sex]) { [personArray addObject:[[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j]]; } } } } return [NSArray arrayWithArray:personArray]; } - (BOOL)deleteByname:(NSString *)name { BOOL isDelete = NO; BOOL isExist = NO; if ([name length] == 0) { NSLog(@"姓名为空"); return isDelete; } for (int i = 0; i < [_dic count]; i++) { NSString * key = [[_dic allKeys] objectAtIndex:i]; for (int j = 0; j < [[_dic objectForKey:key] count]; j++) { if ([[[[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j] name] isEqualToString:name]) { [[_dic objectForKey:key] removeObjectAtIndex:j]; isDelete = YES; isExist = YES; } } } if (isExist == NO) { NSLog(@"此联系人不存在"); } return isDelete; } - (BOOL)deleteByGroup:(NSString *)group { BOOL isDelete = NO; BOOL isExist = NO; if ([group length] == 0) { NSLog(@"组名为空"); } for (int i = 0; i < [_dic count]; i++) { NSString * key = [[_dic allKeys] objectAtIndex:i]; for (int j = 0; j < [[_dic objectForKey:key] count]; j++) { if ([[[[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j] group] isEqualToString:group]) { [[_dic objectForKey:key] removeObjectAtIndex:j]; j--; isDelete = YES; isExist = YES; } } } if (isExist == NO) { NSLog(@"此组不存在"); } return isDelete; } - (void)showAll { NSLog(@"%@",_dic); } @end
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "ContactPerson.h" #import "AddressBook.h" int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { @autoreleasepool { ContactPerson * person1 = [[ContactPerson alloc] initWithName:@"lixiaoming" sex:@"男" phonenumber:@"13232323211" adress:@"莲花街11号"]; ContactPerson * person2 = [[ContactPerson alloc] initWithName:@"zhangsaisai" sex:@"男" phonenumber:@"18637732345" adress:@"莲花街22号"]; ContactPerson * person3 = [[ContactPerson alloc] initWithName:@"zhouwenshuai" sex:@"男" phonenumber:@"18534229999" adress:@"莲花街33号"]; ContactPerson * person4 = [[ContactPerson alloc] initWithName:@"qinbingsen" sex:@"女" phonenumber:@"18123445235" adress:@"莲花街44号"]; ContactPerson * person5 = [[ContactPerson alloc] initWithName:@"zhaoxiaolong" sex:@"男" phonenumber:@"18243528999" adress:@"莲花街55号"]; ContactPerson * person6 = [[ContactPerson alloc] initWithName:@"chenglong" sex:@"女" phonenumber:@"13823342211" adress:@"莲花街66号"]; AddressBook * book = [[AddressBook alloc] init]; //添加联系人 [book addPerson:person1]; [book addPerson:person2]; [book addPerson:person3]; [book addPerson:person4]; [book addPerson:person5]; [book addPerson:person6]; // [book showAll]; //通过电话号码查询 NSLog(@"-----------------------------------"); NSLog(@"*******通过电话号码查询 13823342211*******"); ContactPerson * p = [book searchPersonByphoneNumber:@"13823342211"]; NSLog(@"%@",p); NSLog(@"*******通过电话号码查询 123456*******"); ContactPerson * p1 = [book searchPersonByphoneNumber:@"123456"]; NSLog(@"%@",p1); NSLog(@"-----------------------------------"); //查询某性别所有的联系人 NSLog(@"*******查询某性别所有的联系人 女*******"); NSArray * array = [book searchPersonBysex:@"女"]; NSLog(@"%@",array); NSLog(@"-----------------------------------"); //根据姓名删除某联系人 NSLog(@"*******根据姓名删除某联系人 chenglong*******"); NSLog(@"%@",[book deleteByname:@"chenglong"] ? @"YES" : @"NO"); [book showAll]; NSLog(@"*******根据姓名删除某联系人 haha*******"); NSLog(@"%@",[book deleteByname:@"haha"] ? @"YES" : @"NO"); NSLog(@"-----------------------------------"); //删除某分组的所有联系人 NSLog(@"*******删除某分组的所有联系人 H*********"); NSLog(@"%@",[book deleteByGroup:@"H"] ? @"YES" : @"NO"); NSLog(@"*******删除某分组的所有联系人 Z*********"); NSLog(@"%@",[book deleteByGroup:@"Z"] ? @"YES" : @"NO"); [book showAll]; } return 0; }
重点:
1.在类声明对象的时候,直接重写NSObject的init方法,在init方法中声明一个有组名称的字典.
//重写init方法,初始化字典 - (id)init { self = [super init]; _dic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:1]; if (self) { for (int i = 65; i < 91 ; i++) { NSString * key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c",i]; [_dic setValue:[[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:1] forKey:key]; } } // NSLog(@"%@",_dic); return self; }
2.所用到的API函数重点:(1)获得key值.(2)通过key值取value (3).
NSDictionary * dic = [[NSDictionary alloc] init];
NSArray * array1 = [dic allKeys];
//取出对应的key值 NSString * key = [[_dic allKeys] objectAtIndex:i];
再通过key值取出相应的value值与传入的值进行比对
[[[[_dic objectForKey:key] objectAtIndex:j] phonenumber] isEqualToString:phonenumber]
3.这个例子所用到的知识还是要清除数组/字典里面的构造和嵌套.
