spring入门(三) 使用spring mvc

1.建立project / module

新建空的project:springMvcStudy
新建module:type maven-webapp,名字mvcStudy

2.为module设置Sources和Resources

在mvcStudy/src/main下新建2个文件夹:java,resources.
打开File/Project Structure/Project Settings/Modules 选择mvcStudy,点击Sources选项卡
设置java文件夹为Sources,设置resources为Resources.

3.修改pom,增加依赖:

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

4.Web.xml:增加SpringMVC的配置

  <!--configure the setting of springmvcDispatcherServlet and configure the mapping-->
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> -->
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

5.在resources文件下建立 springmvc-config.xml,内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        ">
    <!--注意配置xsd,要么报错:通配符的匹配很全面, 但无法找到元素 'context:component-scan' 的声明。-->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ice"/>
    <!-- don't handle the static resource -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- configure the InternalResourceViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

</beans>

6.创建包,类

上面定义的扫描包 base-package="com.ice".
因此,建立 package com.ice.controller; 测试类如下:

package com.ice.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@RequestMapping("/")
@Controller
public class HomeController {
    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }
}

7.确认 WEB-INF/jsp下有index.jsp文件.

8.发布tomcat

点击run->run,选择edit configure,点击绿色'+',增加tomcat server |--local,
a.点击server选项卡:配置application server为本地tomcat server.
b.点击deployment选项卡:点击绿色'+',选择artifact..,选择模式 war exploded模式 (修改文件后自动更新到tomcat.)
war模式：将WEB工程以包的形式上传到服务器 ；
war exploded模式：将WEB工程以当前文件夹的位置关系上传到服务器；
c.点击server选项卡:VM options:下边的下拉可以改为 update resources

9.运行

点击run,自动访问 http://localhost:port/
显示 index.jsp的内容:hello world.