Sanic 路由

路由

请求参数

SANIC附带了一个支持请求参数的基本路由器。

若要指定参数，请使用角引号将其括起来，如下所示： . 请求参数将作为关键字参数传递给路由处理程序函数。

from sanic.response import text

@app.route('/tag/<tag>')
async def tag_handler(request, tag):
    return text('Tag - {}'.format(tag))

若要指定参数的类型，请添加 :type 在参数名后面，引号内。如果参数与指定的类型不匹配，Sanic将抛出 NotFound 异常，导致 404: Page not found URL错误。

如果未设置类型，则应为字符串。为函数提供的参数将始终是一个字符串，与类型无关。

from sanic.response import text

@app.route('/string/<string_arg:string>')
async def string_handler(request, string_arg):
    return text('String - {}'.format(string_arg))

@app.route('/int/<integer_arg:int>')
async def integer_handler(request, integer_arg):
    return text('Integer - {}'.format(integer_arg))

@app.route('/number/<number_arg:number>')
async def number_handler(request, number_arg):
    return text('Number - {}'.format(number_arg))

@app.route('/alpha/<alpha_arg:alpha>')
async def number_handler(request, alpha_arg):
    return text('Alpha - {}'.format(alpha_arg))

@app.route('/path/<path_arg:path>')
async def number_handler(request, path_arg):
    return text('Path - {}'.format(path_arg))

@app.route('/uuid/<uuid_arg:uuid>')
async def number_handler(request, uuid_arg):
    return text('Uuid - {}'.format(uuid_arg))

@app.route('/person/<name:[A-z]+>')
async def person_handler(request, name):
    return text('Person - {}'.format(name))

@app.route('/folder/<folder_id:[A-z0-9]{0,4}>')
async def folder_handler(request, folder_id):
    return text('Folder - {}'.format(folder_id))

HTTP请求类型

默认情况下，在URL上定义的路由将仅对该URL的GET请求可用。然而 @app.route decorator接受一个可选参数， methods ，它允许handler函数处理列表中的任何HTTP方法。

from sanic.response import text

@app.route('/post', methods=['POST'])
async def post_handler(request):
    return text('POST request - {}'.format(request.json))

@app.route('/get', methods=['GET'])
async def get_handler(request):
    return text('GET request - {}'.format(request.args))

还有一个可选的 host 参数（可以是列表或字符串）。这将限制到提供的一个或多个主机的路由。如果还有一个没有主机的路由，它将是默认的。

@app.route('/get', methods=['GET'], host='example.com')
async def get_handler(request):
    return text('GET request - {}'.format(request.args))

# if the host header doesn't match example.com, this route will be used
@app.route('/get', methods=['GET'])
async def get_handler(request):
    return text('GET request in default - {}'.format(request.args))

还有一些速记方法装饰师：

from sanic.response import text

@app.post('/post')
async def post_handler(request):
    return text('POST request - {}'.format(request.json))

@app.get('/get')
async def get_handler(request):
    return text('GET request - {}'.format(request.args))

URL生成方式 url_for

Sanic提供 url_for 方法，以根据处理程序方法名生成URL。如果您希望避免将url路径硬编码到应用程序中，这将非常有用；相反，您可以只引用处理程序名称。例如：

from sanic.response import redirect

@app.route('/')
async def index(request):
    # generate a URL for the endpoint `post_handler`
    url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5)
    # the URL is `/posts/5`, redirect to it
    return redirect(url)

@app.route('/posts/<post_id>')
async def post_handler(request, post_id):
    return text('Post - {}'.format(post_id))

使用时要记住的其他事项 url_for ：

传递给的关键字参数 url_for 非请求参数将包含在URL的查询字符串中。例如：

url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5, arg_one='one', arg_two='two')
# /posts/5?arg_one=one&arg_two=two

多值参数可以传递给 url_for . 例如：

url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5, arg_one=['one', 'two'])
# /posts/5?arg_one=one&arg_one=two

还有一些特殊的论点 (_anchor, _ 外部， _scheme, _ 方法， server) passed to url_for will have special url building (` 方法“”现在不受支持，将被忽略）。例如：

url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5, arg_one='one', _anchor='anchor')
# /posts/5?arg_one=one#anchor

url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5, arg_one='one', _external=True)
# //server/posts/5?arg_one=one
# _external requires you to pass an argument _server or set SERVER_NAME in app.config if not url will be same as no _external

url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5, arg_one='one', _scheme='http', _external=True)
# http://server/posts/5?arg_one=one
# when specifying _scheme, _external must be True

# you can pass all special arguments at once
url = app.url_for('post_handler', post_id=5, arg_one=['one', 'two'], arg_two=2, _anchor='anchor', _scheme='http', _external=True, _server='another_server:8888')
# http://another_server:8888/posts/5?arg_one=one&arg_one=two&arg_two=2#anchor

必须将所有有效参数传递给 url_for 创建URL。如果未提供参数，或者参数与指定类型不匹配，则 URLBuildError 将被提升。

用户定义的路由名称

自定义路由名可以通过传递 name 在注册将重写使用 handler.name 属性。

app = Sanic('test_named_route')

@app.get('/get', name='get_handler')
def handler(request):
    return text('OK')

# then you need use `app.url_for('get_handler')`
# instead of # `app.url_for('handler')`

# It also works for blueprints
bp = Blueprint('test_named_bp')

@bp.get('/bp/get', name='get_handler')
def handler(request):
    return text('OK')

app.blueprint(bp)

# then you need use `app.url_for('test_named_bp.get_handler')`
# instead of `app.url_for('test_named_bp.handler')`

# different names can be used for same url with different methods

@app.get('/test', name='route_test')
def handler(request):
    return text('OK')

@app.post('/test', name='route_post')
def handler2(request):
    return text('OK POST')

@app.put('/test', name='route_put')
def handler3(request):
    return text('OK PUT')

# below url are the same, you can use any of them
# '/test'
app.url_for('route_test')
# app.url_for('route_post')
# app.url_for('route_put')

# for same handler name with different methods
# you need specify the name (it's url_for issue)
@app.get('/get')
def handler(request):
    return text('OK')

@app.post('/post', name='post_handler')
def handler(request):
    return text('OK')

# then
# app.url_for('handler') == '/get'
# app.url_for('post_handler') == '/post'

为静态文件生成URL

Sanic支持使用 url_for 方法来生成静态文件URL。如果静态url指向一个目录， filename 参数 url_for可以忽略。

app = Sanic('test_static')
app.static('/static', './static')
app.static('/uploads', './uploads', name='uploads')
app.static('/the_best.png', '/home/ubuntu/test.png', name='best_png')

bp = Blueprint('bp', url_prefix='bp')
bp.static('/static', './static')
bp.static('/uploads', './uploads', name='uploads')
bp.static('/the_best.png', '/home/ubuntu/test.png', name='best_png')
app.blueprint(bp)

# then build the url
app.url_for('static', filename='file.txt') == '/static/file.txt'
app.url_for('static', name='static', filename='file.txt') == '/static/file.txt'
app.url_for('static', name='uploads', filename='file.txt') == '/uploads/file.txt'
app.url_for('static', name='best_png') == '/the_best.png'

# blueprint url building
app.url_for('static', name='bp.static', filename='file.txt') == '/bp/static/file.txt'
app.url_for('static', name='bp.uploads', filename='file.txt') == '/bp/uploads/file.txt'
app.url_for('static', name='bp.best_png') == '/bp/static/the_best.png'

posted @ 2021-04-26 16:15 橘丶阳菜阅读(275) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

会员力量，点亮园子希望

刷新页面返回顶部

橘丶阳菜