Python面向对象之抽象类与抽象方法

C++和Java中面向对象中有抽象类或接口的说法,在python中没有abstract或interface这样的内置关键字。但是abc模块(Abstract Base Classes)实现了这些抽象类检查的功能,其中ABC是抽象基类。@abstractmethod表示这个方法是一个抽象方法,子类必须重写。关于抽象类与抽象方法的示例代码如下:

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Shape(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def area(self):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def perimeter(self):
        pass

class Circle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, radius):
        self.rad = radius
    
    def area(self):
        return 3.14 * self.rad * self.rad

    def perimeter(self):
        return 6.28 * self.rad

class Rectangle(Shape):
    def __init__(self, width, height):
        self.wid = width
        self.he = height
    
    def area(self):
        return self.wid * self.he
    
    def perimeter(self):
        return 2*(self.wid + self.he)


circle = Circle(5)
print( circle.area() )
print( circle.perimeter() )


rectangle = Rectangle(4, 6)
print(rectangle.area())
print(rectangle.perimeter())

posted @ 2023-12-14 15:36  爱吃砂糖橘的白龙  阅读(27)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报